The oceans can be called a unique object on planet Earth. It hides thousands of mysteries and surprises with the diversity of the underwater world. The oceans are made up of a large number oceans and seas that differ in depth, size, flora and fauna. Among this diversity, scientists identify several of the deepest seas of the oceans.
The largest and deepest, recognized. It occupies 5726 thousand square kilometers. Since the deepest depression on earth belongs to the sea, its maximum depth is 11022 m. It is in this place that the Mariinsky depression is formed. The average depth of sea waters is 4108 m.
The sea is located near the Philippine archipelago, is an oceanic inter-island sea in the Pacific Ocean, from which it is separated by numerous islands. The sea has no clear boundaries. At the bottom of it are volcanoes. But there is little data on the marine life that is found in the waters of this sea. It's all about the depth. Therefore, scientists were able to study mainly the inhabitants of coastal zones and surface waters.
Of the fauna in the Philippine Sea, dolphins, sea turtles, swordfish and numerous mollusks live. There are many sharks in the waters of the deepest sea, including gray and tiger sharks.
The second deepest sea is located in the Pacific Ocean - coral. It has a semi-closed shape near the coasts of Australia and New Guinea. The maximum depth is 9174 m. The water area is 4068 thousand square kilometers. There are many coral reefs in the sea and it is recognized today as the most beautiful in the world.
For many years, scientists believed that there was no life at such a great depth. But thanks to the development of modern technology, it was possible to get as deep as possible while studying the oceans and find out that even at the depths of the sea, life is simply in full swing. True, it has not yet been possible to thoroughly study the fauna and flora of the Coral Sea.
The following types of marine life are known to inhabit the sea:
- dolphins;
- squids;
- flying fish;
- sea stars;
- sea urchins;
- sea turtles;
- shrimps;
- jellyfish;
- crabs.
In the waters of the Coral Sea, scientists sometimes meet very amazing creatures that only feed faith in the legends of sea monsters.
Banda yields to the Coral Sea by almost 2 km. Its depth is 7440 meters at its deepest point and is located in the Weber Trench. At the same time, the sea is not able to boast huge size- its area is only 714 thousand km².
Since this zone is volcanic, all the islands in the Banda Sea are of volcanic origin. The waters of the sea wash the coast of Indonesia. Banda's sea water is home to interesting representatives of marine fauna, including octopuses and jellyfish, dolphins, stingrays, sea snakes, nautiluses and sharks.
In the Atlantic Ocean, somewhere in the middle of Central and South America, one of the most legendary seas is located. It is marked in fourth place in the ranking of deep seas, since at the maximum point its depth is 7090 m. And its area is 2777 thousand square meters. km.
The Caribbean Sea has the glory of a pirate and this is no coincidence. At the bottom of it you can see a lot of sunken ships that date back to different eras. Until now, ancient treasures are being searched between the depressions, the rights to which are disputed by many different countries.
The not too well-known Weddell Sea occupies an honorable fifth position. Its depth reaches 6820 meters, which is quite a bit less than that of the Caribbean Sea.
The sea is located near the coast of Antarctica, therefore most time its waters are covered with a thick layer of ice. In some places, the ice is about 2 meters thick. But, despite the frozen state of the upper waters of the Weddell Sea, life is seething under the snow cover. Popular representatives of the cold continent are whales and seals.
The Tasman Sea is located near the coast of Tasmania, and also washes the coast of New Zealand. This is another sea that belongs to the Pacific Ocean. It is quite a bit behind the Weddell Sea in terms of maximum depth. It is 6015 m. And the area of \u200b\u200bsea waters is 3336 thousand square meters. km.
The flora and fauna of the sea waters of the Tasman Sea is very diverse, since its location falls on three climatic zones at once:
- In the northern part of the vegetation and animal world very similar to the flora and fauna of the Coral Sea. There are coral reefs. There are also many species of sharks in the Tasman Sea.
- In the southern part of the sea, the vegetation is richer, but the species diversity of fish is moderate. But more often you can see large schools of fish.
The Mediterranean Sea also belongs to the deep seas. This is an intercontinental sea, which is located between Asia, Europe and Africa. At its deepest point, it reaches 5267 m, and the area is 2.5 million km. square. Since the coastline is indented, the sea is divided into many areas. Today they have their own names, which have taken root since ancient times.
The underwater world of the Mediterranean Sea is very diverse due to the large area of \u200b\u200bthe water area and different climatic conditions in its various parts. The waters are usually calm due to the comfortable climate on the coast, but there are also storms when the wind brings bad weather.
Deep seas in Russia
On the vast territory of the Russian Federation there are no seas that occupy leading positions in the ranking. But the deepest sea in the country is called Beringovo.
Its maximum depth is 4151 meters. We can make a small comparison:
- Sea of Azov - 14 meters.
- Baltic Sea - depth 500 meters.
- The Black Sea has a depth of 2258 meters.
In second place is the Sea of Okhotsk with a maximum depression of up to 3742. And the next position is the Sea of Japan - 3044 meters. Of the internal seas of the Russian Federation, the Black Sea is recognized as the deepest.
Exploration of the seas and oceans is ongoing. And, perhaps, scientists will soon discover new depressions, which will affect the change in the rating of deep seas. But be that as it may, the World Ocean is still full of surprises and incredible discoveries. How many more secrets are hidden by its blue waters, no one knows!
Seas are amazing objects on our planet. Their expanses are little studied, but even the available data is enough to admire the depths, latitudes and the underwater world.
It is difficult to unequivocally say how many amazing treasures have been lost at the bottom of the seas, how many amazing discoveries have not yet been made by scientists, how many secrets are stored in the sources of diverse underwater and flora. However, we can build on the available data to rank the deepest seas, respectively, the most interesting and mysterious places on Earth.
The largest enclosed body of water on Earth, which can be classified as the largest closed lake, or as a full-fledged sea, due to its size, and also due to the fact that its bed is composed of oceanic-type earth's crust.
Located at the crossroads of Europe and Asia. The water in the Caspian is brackish - from 0.05 ‰ near the mouth of the Volga to 11-13 ‰ in the southeast. The water level is subject to fluctuations, according to 2009 data it was 27.16 m below sea level. The area of the Caspian Sea is currently approximately 371,000 km², the maximum depth is 1025 m.
Black Sea - 2,210 meters
Inland Sea of the Atlantic Ocean Basin. The Bosphorus connects with the Sea of Marmara, then, through the Dardanelles, with the Aegean and mediterranean seas. The Kerch Strait connects with the Sea of Azov. From the north it cuts deep into the sea Crimean peninsula. The surface of the Black Sea is the water border between Europe and Asia.
Bering Sea - 4,151 m
The sea in the north of the Pacific Ocean, separated from it by the Aleutian and Commander Islands; The Bering Strait connects it with the Chukchi Sea and the Arctic Ocean. The Bering Sea washes the shores of Russia and the United States.
Mediterranean Sea - 5,121 m
The intercontinental sea, which by origin is a deep-water pseudo-abyssal intrashelf depression, connected in the west with the Atlantic Ocean by the Strait of Gibraltar.
Sea in the west of the Pacific Ocean, between the islands of the Malay Archipelago. Area - 714 thousand km², length from north to south 500 km, from east to west - 1000 km; depth - up to 7440 m; Coral reefs; port of Ambon. Bounded by the islands of Buru and Seram in the north, Timor in the southwest, Tanimbar and Aru in the east, includes the Banda archipelago.
A unique spring of a rich underwater world is located off the coast of Indonesia. Another sea that is part of the Pacific Ocean. We are talking about a volcanic zone, as well as an island of volcanic origin. Speaking about the underwater world, the following inhabitants should be distinguished:
- rare dolphins;
- jellyfish;
- various nautiluses;
- sea octopuses;
- squids;
- large stingrays and amazing sea snakes.
Naturally, the most unique species live at the bottom.
Caribbean Sea - 7,686 m
Marginal semi-enclosed sea of the Atlantic Ocean basin, from the west and south bounded by the Central and South America, from the north and east - the Greater and Lesser Antilles. In the northwest, through the Yucatan Strait, it is connected to the Gulf of Mexico, in the southwest, to the Pacific Ocean through the artificial Panama Canal.
The maximum depth recorded to date is 7,686 meters. At the same time, many frigates and galleons are observed in the Caribbean Sea. Consequently, there are a huge number of such invariances, however, as well as ups and downs. This place is a favorite among pirates and adventurers. A huge number of people annually try to discover the treasures that an amazing reservoir undoubtedly keeps in its depths.
Coral Sea - 9 140 m
The Pacific Ocean, which lies between the coasts of Australia, New Guinea, New Caledonia. Surface area - 4,791 thousand km². The maximum depth is 9,140 meters. It has numerous coral reefs and islands such as Willis, Tregross, Bampton, Chesterfield.
Philippine Sea - 10,265 m
Oceanic interisland sea of the Pacific Ocean, located near the Philippine archipelago. The second largest sea on Earth. It has no clear land boundaries and is separated from the ocean by groups of islands: Japan, Taiwan and the Philippine Islands in the west, underwater ridges and the islands of Izu, Ogasawara, Kazan and Marianas in the east, Yap and Palau in the southeast.
It covers an area of 5,726 thousand km 2 and covers one of the deepest places on Earth - the Philippine Trench, whose depth reaches 10,265 m. The average depth is 4,108 m.
It is also located in the Pacific Ocean, from which we can draw a reasonable conclusion - in the Pacific Ocean there are the deepest marine reservoirs.
Mariana Trench - 10,994 m
An oceanic deep-sea trench in the western Pacific Ocean, the deepest known on Earth. It is named after the nearby Mariana Islands. The deepest point of the Mariana Trench is the Challenger Deep.
We can say that the deepest place is the Mariana Trench, of all recorded today.
A sourcesite
How many seas and oceans are on our vast planet? Huge set. I will tell you about one of the most beautiful seas of the Pacific Ocean, which is rightfully considered the deepest on our planet.
Somewhere in the Pacific Ocean, between the coasts of Australia and New Guinea, is the deepest sea in the world - Coral. According to the most accurate calculations, its maximum depth is nine thousand one hundred and seventy-four meters with with total area four thousand sixty-eight meters and an average volume of water eleven thousand four hundred and seventy meters.
I want to note that the second deepest sea in the world is also located in the Pacific Ocean. Its name is Banda, its depth is about seven thousand four hundred and forty meters.
Let's go back to the deepest sea on earth. The coral sea got its name from a large number of coral reefs and islands, which make navigation very difficult - you have to be constantly on the alert. In this sea there are such famous islands as the Willis Islands, Tregross, Chesterfield. As for reefs, the most famous is the Great Barrier Reef, which is also the largest reef in the world.
The islands located in the sea are not inhabited by anyone, however, for example, there is a meteorological station on the Willis Islands.
The bottom relief of the Coral Sea is strongly dissected. Its currents form a cyclonic circulation, and on the western edge, the world-famous East Australian Current originates.
The average water temperature in the south of the Coral Sea at the surface is from 19 ° in August to 24 ° in February, and in the North itself the whole year is 27-28 ° С. The salinity of the sea is 34.5-35.5‰. Currents on the surface of the sea form a cycle.
Among the living creatures in the sea there are a lot of sharks, and the so-called flying fish.
Since the end of 1969, the territory of the sea has become part of Australia and belongs to Canberra.
The most important ports of the Coral Sea: Cairns (Australian coast), Port Moresby (on the island of New Guinea), Noumea (on the island of New Caledonia).
The geographical coordinates of the sea are as follows:
Latitude: -16.934167
Longitude: 155.11
If you swim along the Great Barrier Reef described above, you can see flying fish fluttering everywhere. These fish reach a length of up to 50 cm, they can fly up to 200 meters (can you believe it?!) above the surface of the water. Beauty!
If you go scuba diving, you need to be extremely careful and remember about safety, since even such seemingly safe sea urchins, if desired, can cause great harm to health, or even touching them can lead to lethal outcome. Some of them can be poisonous. The needles of these animals are equipped with special glands that produce poison.
Another abomination can also be dangerous - various types of worms or jellyfish. The density of worms in water sometimes reaches several thousand per 1 cubic meter. When pricked with bristles of these worms, there is severe pain and fever.
The reef fish are very beautiful, they are painted in bright colors. Flocks swim near corals and feed on them.
The deepest sea in Russia is the Bering Sea, named after the Danish-born Russian seafaring officer Vitus Bering, who explored this uncomfortable, deep northern sea in the mid-18th century. Before the adoption of its official name, the Bering Sea was called Kamchatsky or Bobrov. Its average depth is about 1600 meters. In the deepest places, a depth of 4151 meters was recorded. About half of the area is occupied by spaces with a depth of more than 500 meters, while its entire area is more than 2315 thousand square kilometers.
The Bering Sea is not only the deepest, but also the northernmost body of water in Russia. The sea is covered with ice in September, and is released only by June, while ice can cover up to half of the area of this reservoir. In the coastal zone and bays, ice forms impenetrable fields, but the open part of the sea is never completely covered with ice. Ice in the open part of the Bering Sea is in constant motion under the influence of winds and currents, ice hummocks are often formed, up to 20 meters high.
Despite its depth, the Bering Sea is not even among the ten deepest seas in the world standings. It belongs to the Pacific Ocean, separated from it by the Aleutian and Commander Islands, along it passes a section of the water border between Russia and the United States. The Bering Strait connects the Bering Sea with the Chukchi Sea and the Arctic Ocean.
The shallowest sea in Russia
The shallowest sea in Russia is the Sea of Azov. Its average depth is only about 7 meters, the maximum does not exceed 13.5. The Sea of Azov is the smallest sea not only in Russia, but also in the world.
The Sea of Azov belongs to the Atlantic Ocean basin, is an inland sea in the east of Europe, is connected by the Kerch Strait with the Black Sea, and is located between Russia and Ukraine. The Sea of Azov is not only the shallowest, but also one of the smallest seas in the world. Its maximum length is 380 km, maximum width is 200 km, coastline is 2686 km, surface area is 37800 sq. km.
The inflow of river waters into the Sea of Azov is abundant and amounts to 12% of the total water volume. The main tributary is in its northern part, so the water there contains very little salt and freezes easily in winter. In winter, up to half of the sea area is covered with ice, while ice can be carried into the Black Sea through the Kerch Strait.
In summer, due to its shallow depth, the Sea of Azov quickly and evenly warms up to average temperature 24 - 26 degrees, which makes it an excellent place for recreation and fishing.
Eternal human interest in everything very, very in the world - big, small, long, high, deep - inexhaustible in the search for new curious facts and unusual records. And if it is not possible to outdo exceptional natural masterpieces, then in the fields of construction and industrial production, people from generation to generation tirelessly strive to establish at least a temporary superiority over competitors in height, size and a number of other parameters. In the material below - the most amazing sights of the world, created by nature and human hands.
The biggest country in the world
According to a 2015 estimate, its population does not exceed 1,000, and almost all are subjects of the Holy See.
The next largest state in terms of territory (other autonomous territories are not taken into account) is Monaco with an area of 2.02 square meters. km and with a population of approximately 38,800 people, according to a 2014 estimate.
The largest city in the world
The largest city in the world in terms of population and at the same time the largest seaport is Shanghai, China. In this metropolis, according to 2015, 24,152,700 people live.
The largest urban agglomeration is Tokyo-Yokohama, 37,843,000 people. The population of Tokyo alone is 13,617,445 people (as of 2016).
There is no single assessment of cities by area, since the official city limits around the world are formed and indicated in different ways: with or without suburbs. Currently, one of the largest cities in terms of area is Beijing, 16411 sq. km (according to other sources - 16801 sq. km), of which the city proper accounts for approximately 1368 sq. km. km (and this territory is steadily growing every year due to the suburbs), the suburbs - about 15042 square meters. km.
The largest and smallest island in the world
With such a vague definition, the volume of wood was taken as the main criterion for "calculating" the winner. The volume of the trunk of this sequoiadendron at the time of setting the record is 1487 cubic meters, while the mass of the entire tree is estimated at 1900 tons - "General Sherman" is not only the largest, but also the heaviest living organism on Earth at the present time, if you do not take into account the aspen poplar grove - clonal colony Pando (about 6000 tons). And this sequoiadendron, whose age is estimated at 2300-2700 years, continues to grow and adds about 1.5 cm in width every year. The measured height of the tree is 83.8 meters, the trunk circumference at the ground is 31.3 meters, and the maximum trunk diameter is 11.1 meters.
However, in terms of diameter, the giant is inferior to the Mexican Tule Tree in the city of Santa Maria del Tule. According to the measurements of 2005, its diameter at the ground is 11.62 meters, the circumference is 36.2 meters. The exact height of the tree is difficult to measure due to its wide crown; according to approximate measurements - about 35.4 meters. Scientists still argue about its age and the actual number of trunks, but this did not prevent the Tule Tree from being included in the UNESCO list in 2001 as a natural monument of international importance.
The largest animal in the world
The largest animal on the planet is the blue whale (aka blue whale, vomited). The body length of these marine mammals reaches 33 meters, and the weight can exceed 150 tons. Historically, the range of this cetacean species was the entire World Ocean, but now their populations are scattered. All year round blue whales are found in the equatorial waters of the Indian Ocean, they can be seen from the shores of Sri Lanka, Maldives and Seychelles.
The largest whale ever caught by humans is considered to be a female blue whale, caught in 1926 in the waters of the South Shetland Islands. The length of her body from the fork of the tail fin to the end of the snout is 33.27 meters, and her weight is 176.792 tons.
The largest animal on land is the bush elephant (a type of African elephant). As a rule, males weigh an average of 7 tons, females - about 5 tons. With a body length of about 6-7.5 meters, the height of the elephant at the shoulders is close to 3-3.8 meters. The recorded weight of the largest bush elephant was 12.24 tons. The animal was shot in 1974 in the village of Mukusso (Angola). Tourists can see savannah elephants in Africa in national parks and reserves.
The fastest animal in the world
The cheetah is the fastest land mammal. According to various sources, these predators can accelerate in 3 seconds to a speed of 96.6 - 112 km / h. National Geographic magazine named the fastest female cheetah named Sarah (also Sahara): she ran 100 meters in 5.95 seconds. The sprint run of cheetahs for prey lasts no more than 20 seconds and is limited to a distance of 400 meters.
At the same time, among all the animals of the world, cheetahs occupy only 13th place in terms of speed. The championship is for the birds. And the fastest bird and, in general, the fastest representative of the animal kingdom is the peregrine falcon, which in a dive flight develops a speed of 322 km / h, the record noted by the researchers is 389 km / h. However, in horizontal flight, the peregrine falcon is inferior to the Brazilian folded lip (a species of bats and the fastest mammal) with its speed over 160-200 km / h and swifts (species - black, needle-tailed), capable of accelerating to a maximum of 169 km / h.
Among the fish, black marlin stands out for its speed: on average, these large oceanic fish are able to cut through the water column at a speed of 85 km / h, the maximum set speed of a representative of the species is 129 km / h.
Of the insects, horseflies fly the fastest - on average 60 km / h, maximum - 90 km / h.
Some representatives of the class of reptiles can reach speeds of up to 35-40 km / h, but no more. These are bearded dragons, green iguanas, and leatherback turtles in the water.
The biggest fish in the world
The largest fish of our time is the whale shark, harmless to humans, living in the warm waters of the tropics. It feeds mainly on plankton, and its average length varies between 10 and 12 meters, although such specimens are extremely rare for fishermen.
The second largest species is the giant shark (giant shark). Like the whale shark, this shark feeds on small organisms - plankton. On average, adults reach 6-8 meters, and only a few sharks grow up to 9-12 meters.
Beluga is the largest freshwater fish, part of the sturgeon family. This species is listed in the Red Book. The largest fish caught in the Caspian Sea and at the mouth of the Volga were over 4 meters long and weighed about 1.5 tons.
The biggest shark in the world
The debate about the size and weight of the largest sharks has been going on for decades. Currently, the existence of exceptional specimens of whale sharks over 20 meters long is allowed. In particular, information credible by researchers includes reports of a shark 20 meters long and weighing 34 tons, caught near Taiwan in 1997, and a shark 17.5 meters long and weighing 15 tons, caught in the Arabian Sea off the coast of the city of Veraval, India.
The last report of a very large whale shark was on February 7, 2012. Then Pakistani fishermen caught an already dead shark near Karachi, 11 to 12 meters long and weighing about 15 tons.
The largest shark that ever existed is considered to be the megalodon, an extinct species, the size of whose representatives can be judged by paleontological finds: the average length is about 15 meters, while megalodons were predators.
The biggest snake in the world
The largest snakes on the planet are representatives of boas and pythons, namely the green anaconda and the reticulated python.
The heaviest snake in the world is the common or green anaconda, and the name "water boa" also applies to it. National Geographic indicates that the largest female anacondas can grow up to 8.8 meters and weigh more than 227 kg. However, on this moment this indicator remains only a theoretical estimate. Posts about giant anacondas By now, a lot has accumulated, but most of them do not have any material evidence and are legends. The largest recorded specimen of an anaconda in captivity was kept at the Pittsburgh Zoo. The snake grew to 6.27 meters, and was weighed at a length of 5.94 meters - 91 kg.
The longest snake, the reticulated python, is native to Asia and grows up to 1.5-6.5 meters in nature. The largest measured representative of the species was 6.95 meters long and weighed 59 kg, but had not eaten for almost 3 months before the measurement. With pythons, as well as with anacondas, a lot of unconfirmed evidence is associated, including about a length of more than 8 meters.
The biggest spider in the world
The largest spider in the world is the goliath tarantula tarantula, in Latin - Theraphosa blondi. The specimen described in the Guinness Book of Records was discovered by members of the expedition of Pablo San Martin in tropical forests Venezuela in 1965. The leg span of the Goliath tarantula was 28 cm. In 1998, the same size was recorded in a two-year-old spider grown in captivity, while it weighed 170 grams.
With a leg span of about 25 cm or more, some species of the Sparassidae family grow, their sonorous often used name is giant crab spiders.
The largest spiders in Russia are the South Russian tarantula and several types of crosses. Basically, the sizes of the largest individuals do not exceed 2.5-3 cm.
The biggest dog in the world
The title of the tallest dog in the world with a mention and photographs in the Book of Records belongs to Zeus, a Great Dane (aka Great Dane), a pet of the Durlag family from Otsego, Michigan, USA. The height of Zeus is 111.8 cm, the dog weighs more than 70 kg. If Zeus stands on his hind legs, his "height" will be 224 cm. The record was set on October 4, 2011. At the same time, Zeus is not much taller than the previous record holders - Giant George (109.2 cm) and Titan (107.3 cm), which, by the way, are the same breed - Great Dane.
by the most heavy dog back in 1987, the English mastiff Zorba was named: a six-year-old dog weighed 142.7 kg. Two years later, when weighed again, he was even heavier: 155.6 kg at a height of 94 cm.
According to the Guinness Book of Records, the largest dog ever lived lived on Earth about 15.3 million years ago, during the Late Miocene. The average weight of this ancient wild dog is estimated at 170 kg.
The biggest cat in the world
The longest living pet cat is the Maine Coon Ludo, pet of Kelsey Gill from Wakefield, UK. The cat was measured for the Guinness Book of Records on October 6, 2015. As expected, measurements were taken three times, and then the average length was calculated - 118.33 cm. At the time of measurement, the pet was 17 months old, it weighed 11 kg. Now several active pages in social networks are devoted to news from his life.
The record of the famous predecessor of Ludo, also a Maine Coon, the cat Stewie, is 123 cm, he was named the domestic cat with the longest tail. He died in 2013 at the age of 8.
Officially, the largest living cat in the world is the liger Hercules (a hybrid of a lion and a tigress). He was born in 2002 at the Institute of Endangered and Rare Species in Miami, at the time of the last measurements at the age of 11, he weighed 418.2 kg, was 3.33 meters long and 125 cm high at the withers. Hercules is mobile and does not suffer from obesity.
The tallest man in the world
Registered in the Guinness Book of growth of the tall man in history, the American Robert Pershing Wadlow, is 272 cm. With this height, he weighed 199 kg. The giant was diagnosed with a pituitary tumor and acromegaly, so he grew vigorously from the age of four until his death - at the age of 22 in 1940.
The second largest in the history of observations remains John Rogan, whom the newspapers of his day dubbed the "Negro giant." However, already in adolescence, due to growth, he began to develop ankylosis - immobility of the joints. His exact weight was measured only posthumously, in 1905 at the age of 40, and amounted to 267 cm with a weight of only 79 kg.
The tallest living person is Turkish farmer Sultan Kösen, born in 1982, whose height is 251 cm. Gigantism in his case is also caused by a pituitary tumor, but as a result of treatment, doctors managed to slow down the further growth of the man.
Currently, the history of medicine knows about 17 people who have reached a height of more than 244 cm.
The fastest man in the world
Usain Bolt
Kai Pfaffenbach / Reuters / Scanpix / LETA
The glory of Usain Bolt, the Jamaican runner, has been thundering since the Beijing Olympics in 2008, and now the athlete has 9 gold medals from the Olympic Games and 11 from the World Championships. The athlete, nicknamed "Lightning" (Lightning Bolt - literally "Thunderbolt"), set 8 records.
The fastest person reached his first world speed record in 2008 at the age of 22 - 100 meters in 9.72 seconds. In 2009, he improved the 100m to 9.58 seconds. His world record for the 200 meters is 19.19 seconds.
The tallest building in the world
The tallest building and structure ever built by mankind is the Burj Khalifa in Dubai, also known as the Dubai Tower.
The grandiose eastern skyscraper, shaped like a futuristic center or a stalagmite, rises 828 meters from the ground, includes 163 floors and a pointed spire directed upwards. The grand opening of the skyscraper, which thundered all over the world, took place in 2010, on January 4, then the ceremony included a light show and fireworks, and was broadcast online.
The Dubai skyscraper was built with a large margin, because the earlier (and also not yet overcome by the third high-rise) record was correlated with the Warsaw radio mast (646.38 meters), which fell in 1991.
The tallest building in Russia and Europe is the Federation Tower (about 374 meters) as part of the Moscow City complex, followed by two more skyscrapers of the same complex - OKO (South Tower, 354 meters) and Mercury City (339 meters). The fourth tallest building in Europe after the Moscow towers remains the pyramidal London skyscraper The Shard (309 meters), which opened to tourists in 2013.
The tacit international competition for the construction of super-skyscrapers continues, and, perhaps, very soon it will be possible to learn about taking a new height.
The tallest tower in the world
Among the TV towers already built, the Tokyo Skytree (634 meters high), towering in the special Sumida area, is in the lead. It is also the second high-rise building in the world after the Burj Khalifa. The tower was completed by February 29, 2012 as part of a program to completely convert Japanese television to digital format, as the height of the Tokyo TV Tower (332.6 meters) was insufficient for this task. Observation decks on the Tokyo Skytree are located on several levels, the highest is at 451 meters.
The Guangzhou TV Tower is 34 meters lower than the Tokyo Sky Tree, but from its highest observation deck you can see the panorama of the metropolis from a height of 488 meters.
In the Western Hemisphere, height superiority remains with the famous CN Tower in Toronto, Canada, built back in 1976. Its height is 553.3 meters, and the observation platform at 447 meters annually receives more than 2 million people. By the way, the Ostankino Tower in Moscow is only 13 meters lower than the Canadian CN Tower, and it has the 4th place in the world.
The longest bridge in the world
The three longest bridges are railway bridges, all of which are located in China.
The maximum length is at the Danyang-Kunshan viaduct (164.8 km), put into operation at the end of June 2011. The bridge is part of the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway, about 9 km of the bridge passes over the water surface. The largest body of water crossed by the Danyang-Kunshan Viaduct is Yangcheng Lake. The other two existing railway bridges among the three record-breaking ones, the Tianjin Viaduct (113.7 km) and the Wei Bridge (79.732 km), are two to three times longer than the largest structures of comparable type in other countries.
The longest marine girder bridge was laid along the route Hong Kong - Zhuhai - Macau. The second longest beam bridge - Qingdao - is also located in China.
The longest among the ground structures of the bridge type currently remains the Bang Na highway in Bangkok, opened in 2000, 54 km long.
The largest aircraft in the world
Air giants fulfill the dreams of many travelers traveling to new countries and even to other continents.
Passengers who frequently fly internationally have the chance to see the largest production airliner, the Airbus A380, which is operated by several leading airlines. The wing span of the liner is 79.75 meters, length - 72.75 meters, width - 24.08 meters. The capacity of this double-deck passenger aircraft is 853 passengers or 525 passengers in a three-class configuration.
The status of the largest and heaviest air plane in the world holds the only copy of the An-225 "Mriya", put into operation in 1988. The board is used for cargo transportation and has already managed to break over a hundred records, including transporting the heaviest monocargo in the history of aviation weighing 187.6 tons, while the maximum load capacity it reached was much more - 253.8 tons.
The largest ship in the world
The infamous Titanic, which struck the whole world with its size at the beginning of the 20th century, can hardly be compared with the new cruise ships these days. The Titanic, launched in 1912, was 269.1 meters long and 28.19 meters wide. At that time, these figures were record-breaking.
Currently, the Harmony of the Seas, 362 meters long and with a passenger capacity of 5479 / 6500 people, which was put into operation relatively recently, in the summer of 2015, is the leader in the cruise giants' size race. Notably, Harmony of the Seas is the third ship in the Oasis class and is only two meters longer than its predecessors, the 2008 Oasis of the Seas and 2010 Allure of the Seas twins.
The largest floating facility currently under construction is the Korean floating liquefied natural gas plant Prelude FLNG, which has already been launched. The ship-factory with a length of 488 meters resembles other smaller industrial ships in its appearance.
The fastest train in the world
A new world train speed record was achieved relatively recently - in April 2015. A Japanese L0 Series maglev train (maglev train) reached a high-speed railway Shinkansen speed 603 km/h.
Since 2007, the championship among rail trains has been held by the French train TGV POS, which has reached a speed of 574.8 km/h. Now trains of this series serve regular routes in France and Europe, not exceeding the design speed of 320 km/h.
In constant operation, the Shanghai Maglev train maintains the highest speed - 430 km / h, but only on a number of flights (on others - 300 km / h) and at a distance of 30 km.
The largest metro in the world
When comparing the largest subways in the world, it is customary to single out several records: this is the deepest and longest subway, the leading subways in terms of the number of stations and the number of passengers per year.
The longest subway (in terms of the total length of completed lines) is Shanghai, the total length of the underground transport network is 588 km, and this is not the limit - the expansion of the subway is planned in stages for several decades to come.
Most of the stations and routes are in the New York subway. This subway includes 472 stations (or 425 unique interchange nodes) on 36 branches.
The busiest subway (in terms of maximum daily load) is in Beijing, its daily load is on average 9.998 million people, the peak is more than 12.69 million people, the annual figure is 3660 million passengers. At the same time, the consistently expanding network of the Beijing Subway holds the position of the second longest - 574 km.
The next in terms of daily load is the Moscow Metro: at the end of 2015, the traffic volume reached 2384.5 million people per year or 6.533 million per day, the peak load was recorded on December 9, 2014 - 9.5 million people.
The undisputed leader in terms of annual passenger traffic is the Tokyo Metro (3334 million). And Seoul ranks third and behind Beijing - according to the latest official figures, it serves 2,619 million people annually.
The depth record belongs to the Arsenalnaya station of the Kiev metro: it was laid 105.5 meters underground. Sometimes there are attempts to "calculate" the deepest metro in the world by the average bookmark of all its stations, but the unambiguous champion for this indicator has not yet been precisely determined.
The longest car in the world
Recorded in the Guinness book, the car was assembled according to the project of Jay Orberg, a Hollywood collector, designer and creator of unique cars. It was the 100-foot (about 30.5 meters) limousine that brought Orberg worldwide fame.
The car is put on 26 wheels and inside can hardly resemble the interior of a classic car. It is equipped with a swimming pool with a springboard and a double water bed; in addition, there are about a dozen beds, satellite TV, a sunbathing area and other amenities. For safe control of this, in fact, an exhibition model, a second driver's cabin is provided.
The fastest car in the world
The land speed record set in 1997 is astonishing: it is the world's first officially confirmed breaking of the sound barrier. In a Thrust SSC car with turbofan engines, Briton Andy Green reached a speed of 1227.985 km / h. Speed measurements were taken in the Black Rock Desert, USA.
The Guinness Book of Records stipulates that a Budweiser Rocket Car race in 1979 at the American Edwards Air Force Base claims to be the first to break the sound barrier, but this experience was not officially sanctioned by the USAF, its results were never counted.
The fastest production car is the Hennessey Venom GT. The acceleration record - up to 300 km / h in 13.63 seconds was set on this car on January 21, 2013. In addition, the car showed the best result in average acceleration to 200 mph, its figure was 14.51 seconds. The maximum speed reached by this car is 435.31 km/h.
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