Topic "Siberia in the 17th century"
Target : to form an idea about the development of Siberia in the 17th century, the significance of its annexation to Russia.
Tasks
Educational: to identify which segments of the population moved to Siberia, their goals, results and consequences of campaigns; create an idea of the peoples inhabiting Siberia; to form the concepts of "yasak", "prison", "soft junk".
Developing: to develop the ability of students to work independently with the text of the paragraph, additional literature, contour maps, tables; generalize the studied facts, logically express their thoughts.
Educational : to cultivate a sense of pride in the historical past, respect for the culture and traditions of the peoples living on the territory of our country.
Corrective: develop auditory perception, attention; enrich vocabulary.
Basic concepts: yasak, jail, "soft junk".
Important dates: 1639 - expedition of I.Yu. Moskvitin, 648-1649. - expedition of S. Dezhnev, 1643-1646. - expedition of V. Poyarkov to the Amur, 1649-1653. - expedition of E.P. Khabarova on Amur,
Equipment and materials
Multimedia presentation on the topic "Siberia in the 17th century", a map of Russia in the 17th century, an interactive whiteboard, an atlas and contour maps.
Lesson type
Combined.
Forms of work in the lesson: work with documents, messages, contour maps, filling in tables.
Preparing for the lesson.
1. Prepare messages “Russian pioneers of the 17th century.”
2. Prepare material for students.
3. Prepare handouts for students: tables, contour map.
The importance of the topic in the study of the history of Russia can hardly be overestimated. it affects the history of the native land, which means that it is important not only to know and understand the history of the country, but also to love and respect the history of the small motherland.
Lesson plan:
- Repetition of the past.
- Exploring a new topic:
- peoples of Siberia (work with a contour map);
- Russian exploration of Siberia;
- explorers and their discoveries (student reports).
- Filling in the table "Pathfinders and sailors".
- Summing up the lesson.
- Homework.
During the classes
Orgmoment
Speech exercises: work on a dictionary on the topic "Siberia" (slide 4)
Repetition of the material covered:
1 Task: Fill in the missing letters in the following words and explain what the term stands for.(slide 5-6)
2. Task: Match portraits and names.(slide 7)
3. Homework control:insert missing words. (slide8)
1. In the 60s of the XVII century, the government began to issue (copper) money.
2. This was the cause ("Copper Riot").
3. The uprising of the Cossacks on the Don led (Stepan Razin).
4. The reason for the uprising was an attempt to violate the principle (“There is no extradition from the Don”).
5. The uprising took place in (1670-1671) years.
4. Work on cards for 2 options. Exercise:match date and event(slide 10-11).
5. What can you tell about Russia in the 17th century? (slide 8) student's answer
The seventeenth century is one of the most turbulent in the history of Russia. It was called "rebellious", because in this century there were many battles and uprisings: this is a salt riot, a copper riot, the uprising of Stepan Razin, the Solovetsky uprising.
But there was a lot of positive: the construction of new cities, the emergence of manufactories, fairs.
In the 17th (seventeenth century) the Romanov dynasty began to rule.
Update of knowledge, announcement of a new topic
Introductory speech of the teacher
For us, the inhabitants of the Far East, this topic is very close, for you it is not new, some questions were considered in the 6th grade, and the task of this lesson is to supplement your knowledge, to form ideas about the development of Siberia in the 17th century and the significance of its annexation to Russia.
Today we will talk about the history of the development of Siberia by Russian pioneers in the 17th century.
Message themes and objectives of the lesson(slide 12,13).
The topic of the lesson is "Siberia in the 17th century" (slide 12)
… From century to century
There was a strong Russian man
To the far north and east
Unstoppable like a stream...
He went to unknown lands
While in the unknown distance
He didn't come to the ends of the earth
Where there was nowhere to go
Where across his path,
Dressed in storms and mist
A boundless ocean arose.
Lesson Objectives: Find out
- what peoples inhabited Siberia;
- how the development of Siberia by the Russians proceeded;
- what is the significance of the annexation of Siberia.
Assignment for the lesson: What was the significance of the annexation of Siberia to Russia?(slide 14)
Siberia and its peoples.(slides 15-19)
Teacher. The expanses of Siberia stretched from the Urals to the Pacific Ocean. Severe climatic conditions prevented the development of this region. Here was the impenetrable taiga, and to the north - the tundra. Severe frosts, swampy swamps, forests made life difficult for people.
People of different nationalities lived in Siberia.
Work with textbook and contour map. (slides 20-22)
- What peoples lived in Siberia in the 17th century? p.83
On the contour map, mark the places of settlement of the peoples of Siberia.
Physical education minute(slides 23-24)
Russian exploration of Siberia.
When did the penetration of Russians into Siberia begin?
Student message(slides 26-27)
Ermak Timofeevich - Russian Cossackchieftain, conqueror Siberiafor the Russian state.
September 1, 1582 Yermak with a detachment of Cossacks began a campaign in Siberia. He defeated the Siberian Khanate. The Cossacks began to rule in the name of the Russian Tsar. Siberian residents had to pay yasak. Yermak began the annexation of Siberia to Russian possessions.
Teacher's story (slides 28-30)
- XVI century - the Cossack Ermak Timofeevich opened the way to Siberia for the Russians.
- XVII century - service people, Cossacks, hunters, merchants continued to explore Siberia.
- These people were attracted here by rich natural resources: gold and silver, expensive furs - soft junk, free lands.
- On the way, explorers built towns, prisons. Local Siberian tribes were part of the Russian state. It happened most of the time peacefully.
- Siberian residents had to pay yasak to the treasury, that is, a tax in furs.
- The first Russian cities in the 17th century: Tomsk, Krasnoyarsk, Bratsk, Yakutsk, Irkutsk.
- Economic development. In Siberia, the settlers are spreadingarable farming.Thus, Siberia learned to provide itself with bread on its own.
Dictionary work.(slide 31)
- Soft junk - expensive fur, furs.
- Prison - a small wooden fortress.
- Yasak - tax on the local population. Surrendered to furs.
Explorers and their discoveries.Student messages. (slides 32-36)
Ivan Yurievich Moskvitinin 1639, with the Cossacks, they sailed along the Ulya River to the Sea of \u200b\u200bOkhotsk. The Evens showed the Cossacks the easiest way to cross the Dzhugdzhur Range. So the Russians went to the Pacific Ocean.
Campaign of Vasily Poyarkov.In 1643, the Cossack Vasily Danilovich Poyarkov left Yakutsk with a detachment. Purpose of the trip: collection of yasak, search for minerals, new "land" in the south.
In 1648 a Cossack Semyon Ivanovich DezhnevThey went out on seven kochs along the Kolyma River, went around the mainland and passed through the strait separating Asia from America. Heavy fog prevented them from seeing the coast of Alaska.
In 1649 Erofei Pavlovich Khabarovwith a detachment of 70 people set out from Yakutsk. He made a big trip to the Amur.Moving along the Amur, Khabarov studied the surrounding nature, compiled maps of the river coast.
Fixing new material
1. Filling in the table "Pathfinders and sailors". (slides 37-39).
Name of explorer or navigator | When the hike started | Opening |
Ivan Yurievich Moskvitin | 1639 | Access to the Pacific Ocean |
Vasily Danilovich Poyarkov | 1643 | Land development along the Amur River |
Semyon Ivanovich Dezhnev | 1648 | Opening of the strait between Asia and America |
Erofei Pavlovich Khabarov | 1649 - 1653 years | Accession of the Amur lands to Russia |
2. Test (slides 40-41).
3. Task for the lesson:What was the significance of the annexation of Siberia to Russia?(slides 42-44)
The annexation of Siberia to Russia was of historical significance.
Students complete
- Expansion ... (territories, increase in the number of yasak payers).
- Here appeared: ... (agriculture, cities, trade).
- Russia acquired ... (a natural pantry with forests, rivers and lakes, minerals, precious metals).
Reflection
I liked the lesson (didn't like it).
- In class, I learned that...
Summing up the lesson
Homework:§ 13. Fill in the table p.89. Learn vocabulary.
History lesson
in the 7th grade
- Repetition of the past. Checking homework.
- Exploring a new topic:
- peoples of Siberia (work with a contour map);
- Russian exploration of Siberia;
- explorers and their discoveries (messages from the guys).
3. Filling in the table.
4. Summing up the lesson.
- Let's speak clearly and loudly.
- Listen carefully to teachers and children.
- Repeat vocabulary.
Fill in the missing letters and explain what this term means.
1. At-man
2. M-nufacture
3. Self-d-rust
Simeon Polotsky - poet, educator
Fill in the correct letters for the gaps and explain what the term means.
1. At a man – leader in the Cossack army.
2. M a nufacture – a large industrial enterprise with a division of manual labor.
3. Himself O d e rusting – a form of government where the king has supreme power.
Alexei
Mikhailovich
Patriarch
Nikon
Michael
Fedorovich
archpriest
Habakkuk
S. Razin
1. In the 60s of the XVII century, the government began to issue money.
2. This was the reason
3. The uprising of the Cossacks on the Don led
4. The reason for the uprising was an attempt
break the principle
5. The uprising took place in years
"Copper Riot"
Stepan Razin
“There is no extradition from the Don”
- XVII century
… From century to century
There was a strong Russian man
To the far north and east
Unstoppable like a stream...
He went to unknown lands
While in the unknown distance
He didn't come to the ends of the earth
Where there was nowhere to go
Where across his path,
Dressed in storms and mist
A boundless ocean arose.
- “Where else is there such a distance, such a vastness? Land of lake freshness Generous, open to people. And so much sweet tenderness In all your severity.
- what peoples inhabited Siberia;
- how the development of Siberia by the Russians proceeded;
- what is the significance of the annexation of Siberia.
- What can you tell about Russia in XVII century
Siberia and its peoples
- What peoples lived in Siberia in the 17th century? p.83
- On the contour map, mark the places of settlement of the peoples of Siberia.
Udege
- Ermak Timofeevich- Russian Cossack chieftain, conqueror of Siberia for the Russian state.
- XVI century - the Cossack Ermak Timofeevich opened the way to Siberia for the Russians.
- XVII century - service people, Cossacks, hunters, merchants continued to explore Siberia.
- These people were attracted here by rich natural resources: gold and silver, expensive furs - soft junk , free land.
- On the way explorers built towns, prisons . Local Siberian tribes were part of the Russian state. It happened most of the time peacefully.
- Siberian residents had to pay to the treasury yasak , that is, a tax in furs.
- In Siberia, the settlers are spreading arable farming.
- Thus, Siberia learned to provide itself with bread on its own.
- Soft junk - expensive fur, furs
- Prison - a small wooden fortress.
- Yasak - tax on the local population. Surrendered furs.
- Ivan Moskvitin
- Vasily Poyarkov
- Semyon Dezhnev
- Erofei Khabarov.
1639 - Ivan Yuryevich Moskvitin went to the shores of the Pacific Ocean.
1648 - Semyon Ivanovich Dezhnev
opened the strait between Asia and America.
1649-1653 years - Erofey Pavlovich Khabarov made a big trip to the Amur. He annexed the Amur lands to Russia.
Name of explorer or navigator
When the hike started
Discoveries
When the hike started
Ivan Yurievich Moskvitin
Discoveries
Vasily Danilovich Poyarkov
Access to the Pacific Ocean
Land development along the Amur River
Name of explorer or navigator
When the hike started
Ivan Yurievich Moskvitin
Discoveries
Vasily Danilovich Poyarkov
Access to the Pacific Ocean
Semyon Ivanovich Dezhnev
Land development along the Amur River
Erofei Pavlovich Khabarov
Opening of the strait between Asia and America
1649 - 1653 years
Accession of the Amur lands to Russia
a) Ivan IV;
b) Romanovs;
2. Siberia was included in Russia during the reign of:
a) Ivan III; b) Ivan Kalita;
c) Mikhail Fedorovich;
d) Alexei Mikhailovich.
agriculture, cities, trade.
natural pantry with forests, rivers and lakes, minerals, precious metals.
territories, increasing the number of yasak payers.
- There has been an expansion...
- Here appeared…
- Russia got...
- Territories expanded, the number of yasak payers increased.
- Agriculture, cities, trade appeared here.
- Russia has acquired a natural pantry with forests, rivers and lakes, minerals, precious metals.
- In class, I learned that...
- Fill in the table p.89
- learn vocabulary
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Presentation - Settlement and development of Siberia in the 17th century
The text of this presentation
"Conquest" or "annexation" of Siberia?
The spread of Russian rule and Russian colonization in Siberia, interrupted by the Time of Troubles, began with the approval of Tsar Michael (1613-1645) on the throne. Lena - to the Arctic Ocean. Under Alexei (1645-1676), the Russians established themselves in the Anadyr Territory, in Transbaikalia and on the Amur. The search for new lands for the great sovereign continued, and, in addition, campaigns were made in the surveyed, but not yet conquered areas. 40 prisons were founded on this vast area. Russian possessions grew 3 times / the whole state. / First of all, various free people settled in these points - Cossacks, archers, and other service people. At the same time, the clergy settled with them, and later peasants and townspeople. The capital of Siberia was the city of Tobolsk.
Name Description
Yermak 1582 The results of the campaign were consolidated by sending detachments of archers and the foundation of the first Siberian cities - Tyumen (1586) and Tobolsk (1587).
Peter Beketov 1632 The Yenisei Cossack centurion founded the Lensky prison (Yakutsk), which became the main base for the further development of Eastern Siberia.
Expedition of Cossacks led by Ivan Moskvitin in 1639-1640. Went to the shores of the Pacific Ocean. Thus, it took Russian explorers a little more than half a century to reach "to the ends of the earth" from the first city beyond the Urals, Tyumen.
Semyon Ivanovich Dezhnev in 1648 On several ships with comrades (90 people), he sailed by sea from the mouth of the Kolyma to the Necessary Nose (Cape), passed through the strait separating Asia from America.
Vasily Danilovich Poyarkov in 1643-1646 A trip to the Amur took place from Yakutsk. Poyarkovtsy sailed along the Amur to the sea, upon their return they reported their discoveries to the Yakut governor.
Erofei Pavlovich Khabarov in 1649-1653 Conducted a new expedition to the Amur. This campaign secured the Amur region for Russia, where the agricultural tribes of Daurs and Duchers lived.
Detachment of Vladimir Vladimirovich Atlasov at the end of the 18th century. Crossed the huge peninsula of Kamchatka. The movement continued to the Kuril Islands, the Russians also learned about Sakhalin.
Semyon Ivanovich Dezhnev
Erofei Pavlovich Khabarov
Opened the strait between Asia and America 1648
Exploration of the Amur Region 1648-1650
The peoples of Siberia in the 17th century
In Siberia at the beginning of the 17th century, a very rare, small population lived - less than 300 thousand people. Nevertheless, the small Siberian peoples had their own complex history, they differed greatly in language, economic activities, and social development. Short in stature, dressed in fur clothes, outwardly they seemed to be similar to each other, but each even a small nationality had its own characteristics, traditions and talents.
Name of the people Habitat number
Nenets Region of the tundra. / along the rivers Ob and Yenisei / 8 thousand
Yakuts Basin of the Lena River and its tributaries 28 thousand
Buryats of the Baikal region 25 thousand
Evenki / Tungus / From the Yenisei to the Pacific Ocean 30 thousand
Chukchi, Itelmens, Koryaks, Chukchi Peninsula, Kamchatka 28 thousand
Historical sources tell us that the Siberian "foreigners" are constantly "fighting among themselves", that they have "family against clan, they go to war and fight." Such clashes happened very often. Almost all Siberian peoples, even those who lived in a tribal system, had a certain number of slaves captured during armed clashes with their neighbors. Bloody inter-tribal feuds, extermination inter-tribal wars, robbery, pushing to the worst lands and assimilation of some peoples by others - all this was a common thing in Siberian life from ancient times.
Who are these migrants?
fishermen; Cossacks; archers; gunners; peasants and artisans by sovereign decree; criminals and politically unreliable; runaway peasants. Fur trade, of course, was accompanied by hunting for game meat and any forest animal. In the early period of the development of Siberia, forest products were in great and constant demand among almost all settlers. Therefore, many of them hunted animals and birds not only for their own food, but also for sale. The forests are also rich in medicinal herbs, and from 1665-1696. royal decrees were issued on the collection of this valuable raw material. Fish were found in huge numbers in Siberian rivers: taimen, trout, ide, omul, burbot, perch, pike, crucian carp, carp. In other areas, the consumer industry very quickly turned into a commercial one. The capital of Siberia in the 17th century. became the city of Tobolsk.
Tobolsk 1587
1624 10 churches, 325 yards of service people, 53 yards of townspeople and 9 yards of arable peasants
The advance of the Russians to the East proceeded quite peacefully. In rare cases, there were bloody skirmishes with the local population, in contrast to the colonization of North America. The reason for this is that Russia did not need empty lands, because. the population of the North paid yasak - a fur tax from the northern peoples.
marten
The wealth of Siberia
Winter huts and prisons were built along the route of the pioneers - temporary settlements of hunters and travelers. So the cities of Berezov, Narym, Surgut, Kuznetsk and others arose. In 1632, the Lensky prison was built in the center of the Yakut lands, from which the city of Yakutsk later arose.
The goals of the development of Siberia
Expansion of the state territory and increase in the taxable population
Search for minerals
Mastering the fur wealth of Siberia
Development of trade
In Siberia, one of the long-noted qualities of a Russian person was fully revealed - the ability to get along with other peoples. Many see the reason for this accommodatingness in the peculiarities of the Russian national character. "The absence of arrogant contempt and hostility towards the population of the colonized countries" and their "worldly compliance." The ability of Russians to “find ground for rapprochement with other peoples” also amazed foreign observers, who paid attention to the lack of a sense of arrogant superiority in a Russian person in relation to the population of the colonized territories, which is so usually characteristic of Western European settlers. There were 2 million Indians in North America at the time of the arrival of the British. By the beginning of the 20th century, their number had decreased by 10 times. And in our Siberia, scribe books at that time speak of the steady growth of the indigenous population.
The results of the annexation of Siberia
The influx of wealth into the treasury of Russia (yasak). Increase in geographical knowledge. Growth of cities in new lands. Drawing Siberia into the all-Russian market, development of trade, crafts and agriculture. Introduction of the peoples of Siberia to the culture of Russia
Code to embed presentation video player on your site:
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"Great French Revolution" - The Great French Revolution. Jean-Paul Marat. 1789 - 1799 - French revolution. 1789 - 1799 - The French Revolution. Story. A guillotine is a beheading machine. The directory is the executive body of the Thermidorians. Concepts. Georges Jacques Danton. A declaration is a document solemnly proclaiming something.
"The Wars of Religion in France" - The split of France. 1598 - Edict of Nantes: permission to practice Protestantism. Protestantism banned in France. Huguenots. Catholics (King, North). Admiral Coligny. Henry of Navarre. 1572 - the wedding of Henry of Navarre and the sister of Charles IX Margaret. Cardinal Richelieu. Henry IV is a kind, glorious king.
"Siberia in the 17th century" - Only in the south of Siberia did the forest-steppe begin. Founding of Siberia by Russians. The Yakuts and Buryats were also engaged in cattle breeding. This is how people lived. Siberia in the 17th century. On the way, explorers set up towns, forts (small fortresses), or even just winter quarters. The main thing is that none of the nations was wiped off the face of the earth! Khanty and Mansi lived along the Ob River. Ataman. A lot of tribes lived along the banks of the Amur River: Udege, Nanai, and others. Ermak and the development of Siberia. Tomsk in 1604!
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