The culture of speech is such a choice and such an organization of language means that, in a certain situation of communication, while observing the language norms and ethics of communication, can provide the greatest effect in achieving the set goals. communicative tasks.
The definition emphasizes three aspects of speech culture: normative, ethical and communicative.
Normative aspect of speech culture
Literary language
The normative aspect of the culture of speech is associated with the literary language.
Literary language- this is the highest form of the national language, which differs from the colloquial normative.
The formation of the modern Russian literary language is inextricably linked with the name of A.S. Pushkin. The language of the Russian nation at the time of the appearance of the literary language was very heterogeneous. Pushkin was able, on the basis of various manifestations of the folk language, to create in his works a language that was accepted by society as a literary language.
LITERARY LANGUAGE
The literary language is what creates, along with economic, political and other factors, the unity of the nation. The literary language is the language of culture, the language of the educated part of the people, a consciously codified language.
CODIFICATION
Codification is the consolidation of the norms and rules of a language in dictionaries and grammars. Codified norms of a language are those norms that all native speakers must follow. Any grammar of a language, any of its vocabulary is nothing but its codification.
The culture of speech begins where the language, as it were, “offers” a choice for codification: (kilo ´meter - kilometer´tr). The language does not remain unchanged, it constantly needs to be standardized (19th c.
- mother, daughter, 20th c. - mother Daughter).
NORM
The norm is the historically accepted choice of one of the variants of use as recommended and preferred in a given language community. The norm is subdivided into imperative (mandatory) and dispositive (optional). The imperative norm provides for a strict choice of one option as the only correct one (laying down is wrong; putting
- right). The dispositive norm provides for the choice of options, two of which are recognized as normative (maneuver - maneuver).
COMMUNICATIVE ASPECT OF SPEECH CULTURE
The communicative aspect of speech culture - this is the study of the text in terms of the correspondence of its linguistic structure to the tasks of communication. The main requirement for a good text is as follows: of all language means, those should be chosen that fulfill the requirements with maximum completeness and efficiency.
delivered communicative
Main function ethical aspect of speech culture–
contact-setting. The ethical basis of speech culture is speech etiquette. Ethical norms relate primarily to the appeal to you or you, the choice of a full or abbreviated name, the choice of addresses and ways of greeting and parting.
ETHICAL ASPECT OF SPEECH CULTURE
The role of ethical standards in communication can be clarified by the example of foul language. This is also "communication", in which, however, ethical norms are grossly violated.
RELATED QUESTIONS
1. What is language?
2. Tell us about the history of the origin of the language.
3. Name and describe the functions of the language.
4. Prove that language is a sign system.
5. What is speech?
6. What is the culture of speech?
7. What is literary language?
8. What is coding?
9. What is the norm?
10. Tell us about the communicative aspect of speech culture.
11. Tell us about the ethical aspect of speech culture.
A culture of speech
Slides: 8 Words: 204 Sounds: 0 Effects: 2What is meant by culture of speech? The main directions of the course. Mastering the culture of written and oral speech. Increasing the level of speech culture. Ability to edit text. Preparation for the successful passing of the exam in the Russian language. language norm. Lexical compatibility. Tautology. Pleonasms. Ethics. Speech etiquette. Basic concepts of the course. Work forms. Compositions of various genres. Testing. Project activity. Interview. Reporting. I wish you success in the exam!!! - Culture of speech.ppt
The culture of Russian speech
Slides: 8 Words: 487 Sounds: 0 Effects: 21Much has been written about the Russian language as the language of the people. A culture of speech. It is on the works of the classics that you understand the beauty and power of words. Speech was constantly enriched with new words, phrases, aphorisms. The contribution of Russian writers to their native speech is simply impossible to appreciate! Over time, the culture of speech has changed, but, unfortunately, not always for the better. The culture of speech is the most difficult art that needs to be learned throughout life. We must constantly improve ourselves, replenish vocabulary, learn more and more new words. - Culture of Russian speech.ppt
Culture of language and speech
Slides: 12 Words: 487 Sounds: 0 Effects: 92A culture of speech. To deal with the language somehow means to think somehow. What is the culture of speech. The culture of speech is a branch of linguistics. orthoepic norms. spelling rules. Punctuation rules. Grammar rules. Lexical norms. Norms of construction of the text. Continue text. Read the poems and explain what theme they are united by. - Culture of language and speech.ppt
Problems of speech culture
Slides: 16 Words: 792 Sounds: 1 Effects: 13Russian speech. The conference. Great Russian word. Anthem about the Russian language. Words can kill. Tolstoy. Quiz. Questionnaire. Russian proverbs and sayings. Aesop. Russian language. Commandments of speech behavior. Courage. Turgenev. Elena Potekhina. Let's speak Russian. - Problems of speech culture.pptx
Speech and culture of communication
Slides: 9 Words: 209 Sounds: 0 Effects: 17The subject and tasks of the culture of speech. What is the culture of speech? Presentation of the topic of the subject "Russian language and culture of speech". Remember and strive! I know. Communication. A culture of speech. The science. Society. Literacy. Language. Person. Speech. Communication rules. I can. I want to know. I want to think. As I understand the meaning of the epigraph: Saadi. Senquain. - Speech and culture of communication.ppt
Russian language and culture of speech
Slides: 12 Words: 561 Sounds: 0 Effects: 36Ecology of Russian speech, or let's talk about the culture of speech. K. Paustovsky. The Russian language is in danger. Fundamental question. Questions of the educational theme. Culture of speech, thinking, feelings. How to improve the culture of speech. Formulate the reasons for the decline in the role of the Russian language. What are jargon. Why is illiterate speech everywhere today. Ability to analyze real life situations. - Russian language and speech culture.ppt
Grammatically correct speech
Slides: 15 Words: 1697 Sounds: 3 Effects: 206Security letter. Jargon. Educational level. Word trash. Wrong word usage. Mistakes in emphasis. Barbarisms. Language errors. Sources of communication. Internet. Stop the journalist. Rich opportunities of the educational environment. Secrets of the native language. Appendix. Action "Safety certificate". - Competent speech.pptx
Correct speech
Slides: 30 Words: 1893 Sounds: 0 Effects: 0Language norm and its features. A.P. Chekhov. Essential qualities of a good speech. Correct speech. Standard of the literary language. Language norms of speech. Morphology and culture of speech. Morphological norms of the language. Epigraphs of the lesson. Determine the gender of nouns. Definition. Words for inanimate objects. The words. Names of animals. Dandy. Words for people. Gobi. Genus of indeclinable names. HPS. Luna park. The type of compound words. The strongest fighter. Formation of degrees of comparison of adjectives. Variant forms. Zero ending. Nouns of the neuter gender without stress. - Correct speech.pptx
magic words
Slides: 13 Words: 443 Sounds: 0 Effects: 70A.S. Makarenko. Magic words. I would like to know! Lesson objectives. Why magical? Is there a student like this in your class? Can not be?!!! "Kostya comes to school in the morning. What is Kostya's mistake? I propose a question - a task. Suddenly a woman with a child entered the bus. The bus stopped unexpectedly. Vova almost fell and pushed the man. The man wanted to get angry, but Vova said: ______ _______. Insert the magic "Wow, how many people are here! Take your seats, guys, otherwise the grandmothers will take them! Everyone loves ditties. If you are polite And not deaf to your conscience, You give up your seat without protest." old woman - Magic words.ppt
Secrets of good speech
Slides: 21 Words: 875 Sounds: 0 Effects: 0Secrets of good speech. The correctness of speech is a variable concept. Knowledge of the theory of culture of speech. Correlation between course topics and USE materials in the Russian language. Course topics. Correct speech. Modern language situation in Russia. The degree of use of the variant. The speech is good. Sound level of speech. Where is onomatopoeia, where is alliteration. Limericks. Speech is grammatically correct. What mistake did the person make? Word in terms of meaning. Add a limerick. The word in terms of its form. Come up with a mistake. syntactic rules. Ask rhetorical questions on a given topic. - Secrets of good speech.ppt
Norms of the Russian language
Slides: 25 Words: 546 Sounds: 3 Effects: 111Master Class. L. Ginzburg. L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace". Through the window Tatyana saw in the morning a whitewashed yard, curtains, roofs and a fence. A. Pushkin "Winter". Tanya HATCHED out the window. We are fine like this, together. A. Barto "About the grandmother." We are so GOOD together. The white birch under my window was covered with snow, like silver. S. Yesenin "Birch". How quiet, calm and solemn. L. Tolstoy "War and Peace". Nishtyak! T. Tsvetkova. Do not drive fast! I met you and all the past in the obsolete heart came to life. F. Tyutchev "I met you." I BURNED you. Sad time! A. Pushkin "Autumn". The weather is dark. With fear, she turned her eyes away and disappeared into the darkness of the night. - Norms of the Russian language.ppt
Norms of the Russian literary language
Slides: 19 Words: 658 Sounds: 0 Effects: 34Russian language and culture of speech. Discipline "Russian language and culture of speech". negative phenomena. language norm. Corrective course. stress. Orthoepy. Vocabulary. Mistakes. Grammar. How names and surnames are inclined. What mistakes are made in these sentences. Compile business documents. How to behave in a job interview. How to properly prepare for a business meeting. How to learn to speak in public. Sections. Speech errors in the speeches of politicians. The art of the compliment. - Norms of the Russian literary language.pps
Word ecology
Slides: 24 Words: 914 Sounds: 0 Effects: 8Word ecology. DNA responds to our speech. Each melody, motive or symphony tunes to its own wave. No one thinks about the rhythm of speech, and in fact the power of influence is hidden in this rhythm. People who are consciously sparing with words know the value of every sound. "Foul language is a poison that mortifies the soul." Not only fate depends on words, symbols and myths. A special language that has an advantage over other languages of the planet. Foul language is not only a Russian problem. New technology created in Canada blocks bad language. Icon of the Mother of God "Seven Arrows". Fragments from the book "Letters about the good and the beautiful." - Ecology words.ppt
Ecology of language
Slides: 14 Words: 192 Sounds: 0 Effects: 0Is my tongue my friend? The Russian language is inexhaustibly rich and everything is enriched with astonishing speed! A.M. Gorky. Language. From outside. From within. Borrowing. Word formation. V. G. Belinsky. Vocabulary. Normative. Abnormal (jargon). Slang. Argo. V.I.Dal. V.Yu.Dragunsky. social problem. "Ecology" "personality" "culture". Personality. Rich, national, spiritual Culture. Ecology of the environment. Ecology of language. "My tongue is my friend." I.S. Turgenev. A.I. Kuprin. N.S. Leskov. D.S. Likhachev. K.G. Paustovsky. N.V. Gogol. - Language ecology.ppt
Ecology of the Russian language
Slides: 10 Words: 345 Sounds: 0 Effects: 0Treat your native language with care and love. Lugovskoy. I. Our language needs careful use. Causes of the crisis state of the language. The influence of jargon and borrowings on the Russian language. V. The goals of linguistic ecology. What pollutes our language? Elements of "revival" of texts: Hang out. consensual consensus. Another alternative. top priorities. Powder brains. Hang noodles on the ears. Download rights. In law. Youth slang Okay, the store is great vidik dude. Borrowing Summit intention mass media exclusive installation. Causes of the crisis state of the language: Measures to avoid the crisis state of the language: - Ecology of the Russian language.ppt
Problems of ecology of the Russian language
Slides: 17 Words: 672 Sounds: 0 Effects: 0Ecology of language. cultural conditions. Culture of communication in the modern world. Communication and speech etiquette. Etiquette of speech communication. Causes of the crisis state of the language. Awareness of the causes of the crisis state of the language. Good speech must be correct. The need for the ecology of the Russian language. Language functions. communicative function. Human consciousness. Nominative function of language. The accumulative function of language. Deep knowledge of the native language. - Problems of ecology of the Russian language.ppt
foul language
Slides: 24 Words: 1976 Sounds: 2 Effects: 2Word ecology. Light. Tree. Luminaries. Universe. Physics. The word heals. Powder. Person. Silence cannot stop evil. Foul language. Swearing. Dark. M. Lermontov. Russian people. Heart. Mother. Vice. Rule. Decent answer. Desire for a decent environment. Priority. Head. Silent people. - Foul language.ppt
Harm of foul language
Slides: 17 Words: 658 Sounds: 0 Effects: 26Citizen of the Voronezh Territory. About the bad and the holy. Causes of clogging the Russian language. Swear words. How often do you hear swear words. Do you know about the dangers of foul language to your health. What is profanity. History of occurrence. The mechanism of the influence of profanity on a person. Information properties of water. Experiments with water. See how words and thoughts affect water. Plant experiments. Cursing is a virus. In the beginning was the Word. - Harm of foul language.ppt
Virus of foul language
Slides: 25 Words: 1049 Sounds: 0 Effects: 0The swearing virus. Mind indicator. Foul language. Speech filled with obscene expressions. Definitions of foul language. History of profanity. Bad words. mechanism of influence. Historical facts. Rough scolding. Mat. Cursing and health. Japanese scientist. The shape of the crystals. Harm. A group of scientists. A group of Russian physicists. Seeds of wheat. Health. Scientific research. Novosibirsk biologists. Questionnaire. In what situations does this happen? Swear words. Children. - Foul language virus.ppt
Foul language and health
Slides: 39 Words: 1175 Sounds: 0 Effects: 93Cursing and health. Facts. The number of girls. Russia. Bad habit. The word of man. The wisdom of invention. Powder. A bit of history. Ancient Russia. You can't swear in the house. Goblin. Anger. The meaning of the word "mat". Mat is dangerous to health. human fates. Experiment. Swear words. Apparatus. Chromosomes. mutagenic effect. Communication experiment. certain words. Prayers. Messed up genes. A group of scientists. Foul language. Foul language. Orthodox Church. Medics. development of the disease process. Lack of spirituality. Spirituality. Health status. The path leading to health. The path of spiritual growth. - Foul language and health.ppt
Youth language
Slides: 33 Words: 1579 Sounds: 0 Effects: 34Youth slang is one of the components of the language development process. Goals of my work. The tasks of my work. Plan of information and research work. The urgency of the problem. Youth slang is a special form of language, an interesting phenomenon. Stages of development of youth slang. Based on the monitoring results, 4 types of slang were identified. Emotional words and expressions. Words and expressions with emotional meaning. Words with an emotional component of meaning. Emotional speeches. With the development of the media, the concept of "slang" has lost its original meaning. Youth slang is similar to its carriers - it is sharp, loud, impudent. - Language of youth.ppt
youth speech
Slides: 20 Words: 553 Sounds: 0 Effects: 0Modern youth speech. Language of modern youth. Slang. Jargon. types of slang. Classification of slang according to the method of formation. Basic functions of slang. Slang is developed spontaneously. Password. The number of words and phraseological units. Vulgarism of thieves' speech. Causes of slang. People want to communicate with each other in the presence of strangers. Departure from the ordinary. The desire to change the world. "jumping" development of life. Language innovations. Passion for young people in computer games. Striving for speech expressiveness. Role in the emergence of new words. - Youth Speech.ppt
Youth slang
Slides: 25 Words: 1453 Sounds: 0 Effects: 27Youth slang. Aims and objectives of the project: The objective of the project: to find out the reasons for the use of slang expressions by young people. What is slang? Youth occupies 1/3 of Russia. Age groups of slang speakers at school: 10-12 years old 13-14 years old 15-16 years old. Survey analysis: Vocabulary of teenagers. We have noticed that with age, the vocabulary of adolescents weakens, becomes poorer. Okay. Cool super. Awesome awesome. Kulno. Why do teenagers use slang? Slang as a means of strengthening group solidarity. Slang as a way of freedom of expression of a teenager. Slang as a kind of protest against an adult. - Youth slang.ppt
jargon
Slides: 33 Words: 1084 Sounds: 0 Effects: 14Let's save the language - save Russia. Conservation issues. My friend. Russian speech. People. Did you know. The main problems today Process. sticker. Borrowed word. foreign word. Foul language. Let's turn to history. Words can kill. Obscene expressions. The results of the social survey. How to deal with profanity. In the world. Jargon. Commonly used words in school speech. Reasons for jargon. Lokhmy. The Russian language is dying. Tagline. Proverb. Modern teenage speech. Let's speak human language. What's in the future. What to do. How to be. You decide the fate of your native language. -
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Let's talk about the culture of speech
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One of the components of the teacher's skill is the culture of his speech. Who owns the culture of speech, he achieves great success in professional activities.
"The Art of Talking to Children"
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The culture of speech of children depends on the culture of speech of the educator
With this in mind, the educator should consider it his professional duty to continuously improve his speech in order to thoroughly know the mother tongue of the children he is raising.
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1. The teacher should speak quietly, but in such a way that everyone can hear him, so that the listening process does not cause significant stress among the pupils. 2. The teacher must speak clearly. 3. The teacher should speak at a speed of about 120 words per minute. 4. To achieve expressive sound, it is important to be able to use pauses - logical and psychological. Without logical pauses, speech is illiterate, without psychological pauses it is colorless. 5. The teacher must speak with intonation, that is, be able to put logical stresses, highlight individual words that are important for the content of what was said. 6. Melody gives the voice of the teacher an individual color and can significantly affect the emotional well-being of pupils: inspire, captivate, soothe. Melodica is born based on vowel sounds.
The rules of speech culture of the teacher
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Watch out for office workers!
Chancery is: the displacement of the verb, that is, movement, action, participle, participle, noun (especially verbal!), which means stagnation, immobility; piling up nouns in oblique cases; an abundance of foreign words where they can be completely replaced by Russian words; heavy, confused structure of the phrase, unintelligibility; grayness, monotony, wear, stamp. Poor, poor vocabulary. The stationery is a dead thing!
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Brevity is the soul of wit
I write long because I don't have time to write short. B. Pascal
Let's unite together; the inhabitants of the city live a monotonous life; like this example; regularity follows naturally; multiply many times; work resumed again (tautology - (Greek) "the same")
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Brevity is the soul of wit
He foresaw all the troubles in advance. By the evening I must return back.
Pleonasm - Greek. "excess"
Main essence; Valuable treasures; Come back; Fell down; In the month of May; Plans for the future; Unused reserves; For example; How many
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Speech redundancy is also generated by the combination of a foreign word with a Russian word that duplicates its meaning.
Memorable souvenirs; Unusual phenomenon; First premiere; Biography of life; Ultimately; petty little things; folklore; Open vacancy
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"A mixture of French and Nizhny Novgorod"
The colloquium was stormy. The debaters grappled. One said: - Marketing! Another snapped: - Briefing! And the third barked: - Clearing! And he slammed his fist. So in our region Consensus was reached Through pluralism, Although exclusive, But what is very prestigious - Without sponsors, moreover! A. Pyanov
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Caution: polysemy!
On the site in front of the school you will see broken flower beds. This is the work of our guys. Five or six models fall on each member of the Young Technician circle. An evening dedicated to the Russian language will be held on Saturday morning. I have listened to your comments. We get lost in transport due to lack of information.
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Smile!
Soap bubbles always complain about being inflated. Zeros that know their place are just a few ones. Do not rush words - observe safety precautions. The writer had feathers - he lacked wings. It is a pity that loved ones are sometimes narrow-minded.
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What is the culture of speech? CULTURE OF SPEECH is an applied branch of linguistics, which deals with two questions: HOW TO SPEAK CORRECTLY and HOW TO SPEAK WELL?
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The concept of "culture of speech" includes two stages of mastering the literary language: 1) the correctness of speech; 2) speech skills. The correctness of speech is the observance of the norms of the literary language. Speech skill is the ability to correctly construct an utterance.
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The qualities of speech are the properties of speech that ensure the effectiveness of communication and characterize the level of speech culture of the speaker. correctness of speech purity richness accuracy logic relevance expressiveness clarity
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Types of speech: speaking - sending sound signals that carry information; listening - perception of sound signals and their understanding; writing - the use of visible graphic symbols to convey a message; reading - the perception of graphic symbols and their understanding.
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A monologue is a genre that is formed as a result of the active speech activity of the speaker and is not designed for an active simultaneous reaction of the listener. Dialogue is a genre of speech consisting of a regular exchange of utterances-replicas, the linguistic composition of which is influenced by the direct perception of the speech activity of the speaker by the interlocutor. Polylogue is a genre of speech that arises from the direct communication of several persons.
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Let us dwell in more detail on the concept of “Etiquette”. The concept is philosophical, ethical. “Etiquette (from French etiquette - label, label) is a set of rules of conduct relating to the outward manifestation of attitude towards people (treatment with others, forms of communication, manners and clothing)”
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What is understood as speech etiquette is used in the speech of each of us daily and repeatedly.
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Greetings. Addresses Greetings and salutations set the tone for the entire conversation. Depending on the social role of the interlocutors, the degree of their closeness, you are developed - communication or you - communication and, accordingly, hello or hello greetings. Good afternoon (evening, morning), hello, fireworks, etc. Perhaps these are the most common expressions: we turn to someone many times a day, greet our acquaintances, and sometimes strangers, say goodbye to people, thank someone, apologize to someone, congratulate someone, someone we wish good luck or make a compliment, we condole with someone, we sympathize; We advise, ask, offer and invite...
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National and cultural traditions prescribe certain forms of addressing strangers. If at the beginning of the century the universal methods of address were a citizen and a citizen, then in the second half of the 20th century dialectal southern forms of address based on gender - a woman, a man - became widespread. Recently, often in casual colloquial speech, when referring to an unfamiliar woman, the word lady is used, but when referring to a man, the word master is used only in an official, semi-official, club setting. The development of the same acceptable address for a man or a woman is a matter of the future: sociocultural norms will have their say here.
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“You” and “You” are pronouns, used “instead of a name”. The “life” of pronouns is very interesting in itself. Moreover, personal pronouns are directly related to speech etiquette. They are connected with self-naming and with the naming of the interlocutor, with the feeling of what is “decent” and “indecent” in such naming.
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In Russian, you are widely used - communication in informal speech. A superficial acquaintance in some cases and a distant, long-term relationship of old acquaintances in others is shown by the use of the polite "you." In addition, you - communication indicates respect for the participants in the dialogue; so, you - communication is typical for old friends, who have deep feelings of respect and devotion for each other. More often you - communication with a long acquaintance or friendship is observed among women. Men of different social strata are more often inclined towards You - communication. Among uneducated and uncultured men, You - communication is considered the only acceptable form of social interaction.
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YOU The appeal to “You” indicates greater politeness: To an unfamiliar, unfamiliar person In an official setting of communication With an emphatically polite, restrained attitude towards a person To an equal and older (in age, position) person YOU The appeal to “You” indicates less politeness: 1. To a well-known person 2. In an informal setting of communication 3. With a friendly, familiar, intimate attitude towards a person 4. To an equal and younger (in age, position) person
As we speak. Write correctly. A culture of speech. Nicknames. Why do we say so. What language do we speak. Russian language and culture of speech. What is the correct name. “Teach me how to speak. I say thank you. I say thank you. language norm. About foul language and not only. Profanity. Soul speaks to soul... Grammar rules. Foul language.
How to learn to speak correctly and beautifully. Cursing, cursing, swearing. On the dangers of profanity. The problem of foul language. Teach children to speak correctly. Stylistics of the Russian language and culture of speech. The subject and tasks of the culture of speech. Sobriety is the norm. The culture of speech is the culture of relations. I taught women to speak .... CULTURE OF THE SPEECH OF THE Lecturer.
Learning to think, learning to speak. A person is hidden in intonation. How to make a presentation. How to help your child speak well. Down with profanity. Questions of ecology of the Russian language. Norms for assessing knowledge, skills and abilities of students in mathematics. We speak Yakut. The culture of the teacher's speech. What is profanity and how to deal with it.
Let's dress nice... Culture of speech: general concepts. Culture of speech of journalists. The power of the word or the poison of foul language. Laws of logical speech. What are we going to talk about in class today? The law of syllabic synharmonism. The linguistic personality of the author in the work.
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