Trees purify the air, land and water, thanks to which life on the planet continues. They are also very beneficial for human well-being, since the proximity of trees makes a person healthier and happier. If you want to start saving trees, protect the trees that grow in your area and plant new trees to replace those that are being cut down. In addition, it is important to use paper wisely. If you're serious about protecting trees, join an organization that fights to save forests.
Steps
How to save trees in your area
- If you see a tree being cut down somewhere, talk to the person who is cutting down and find out why he is doing it. Some trees are cut down because they are damaged or have died from disease, others only for aesthetic reasons.
- Find out if cutting down a tree is legal. Some types of trees are legally protected from felling, even if they are on private property. If you think the tree should be saved, go for it.
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Do everything in your power to save the tree. Be open about your position. Team up with other people who also care about saving trees and let the public know that you are opposed to cutting down healthy trees. Even if a tree is being cut down legally, if a lot of people protest against the cutting down, they might be able to make a difference. Even if that particular tree can no longer be saved, a precedent can be set. You can do the following:
- Write a letter of objection to the local authority.
- Create a petition to change existing legislation or protect certain species. Convince your neighbors to help save trees in your area.
- Gain media attention (for example, write a letter to the editor of a newspaper or contact a TV channel).
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Participate in community work days with tree planting. It is important not only to preserve mature trees, but also to think about the future and plant new trees that will eventually grow and be able to provide shade, purify the air and prevent air temperatures from rising. Many cities have local organizations that plant trees where they are in short supply. If there is no such organization in your city, why not start one? You can change the world, albeit in small steps.
- It matters which tree to plant. Speak to a specialist and find out which species are native to your area and can grow big enough to start purifying water and air. Small ornamental trees will not have a significant impact on the ecosystem.
- Trees can be expensive. Find out if they will give you a discount on a large purchase of seedlings at a local nursery.
How to change your consumer habits
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Stop using paper towels and napkins. It might seem that reducing the use of paper products to save trees is an ineffective step, since millions of new trees are planted every year to keep the paper industry going. However, it's important to start seeing the connection between the trees you love and the things you use. If you want to save trees, you should try to use less paper in your daily life.
- Use cloth towels instead of paper ones. This is a simple step that will help you save paper.
- Use cloth napkins instead of paper ones. They are also more beautiful.
- Use regular handkerchiefs, not paper ones. They will take some getting used to, but fabric is less damaging to the skin than paper, so you might like them better.
- Use reusable food containers instead of disposable tableware.
- If you want a paper product, buy one made from recycled paper. So you will know for sure that cellulose from primary raw materials was not used in the production.
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Buy toilet paper made from recycled materials. It is hardly possible to completely abandon toilet paper, as this will require significant changes in lifestyle. However, if you buy recycled toilet paper, albeit a little more expensive, it will be good for nature. Here are a few more tips to help you cut down on toilet paper:
Buy a mug reusable for coffee. If you drink coffee every day and buy it in a disposable cup (often with a disposable cardboard holder), swap it out for a more environmentally friendly option. Buy a plastic or ceramic mug and start taking it with you every day. Some coffee shops offer a discount if a customer brings their own glass.
Avoid paper bills and extra checks. If you regularly pay for services at the bank or at the post office, start doing it online so as not to create unnecessary paper waste.
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Buy products from ethically sourced wood. Unfortunately, this information is not always available, but if you have such an opportunity, try to find out what kind of wood was used in the manufacture of furniture or building materials and how it was obtained. It is important to choose goods from wood that has been mined with minimal damage to the forest.
- If you need furniture, take a look at antiques. Antique furniture is usually made from durable wood that will last for many years, so this investment will pay off.
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Eat less beef. Meat production requires a large number resources. Factories need space, water, and food for the animals that are raised to produce meat. The production of beef is especially harmful to nature, as forests are cut down because of it.
- Don't order beef at a restaurant unless you know where it came from. If you eat beef, buy it from local farmers or a trusted place.
Find out how trees affect your home. Apart from the desert regions, in most residential areas, houses are surrounded by large trees. Trees improve air quality, prevent soil erosion, and reduce noise levels. Large trees keep the city from overheating, cooling the space with shade and fumes. Without trees, urban areas begin to overheat as roads and buildings trap heat, forcing people to use more electricity to cool their homes. Wherever you live, start fighting to save trees to improve the city's climate.
Find out what documents protect trees in your city. Every city or region has laws describing which trees should be protected and when and how they can be pruned. In some regions, rare, weak or very useful trees are protected by law. Knowing the laws of your region, you can protect trees from being cut down.
Do not be idle if you see that trees have started to be cut down. Having studied information about useful properties specific trees in your area, start paying attention to where and how trees are cut and pruned. Even if the tree is on private property, it can be saved. Give Special attention big trees, which cast a wide shadow as they are the most useful and should be kept.
"Save the tree!"
Vorobieva Anastasia,
Ganzha Igor
MBOU Rassvetovskaya secondary school, grade 6.
Head: Andreeva Olga Timofeevna,
geography teacher MBOU Rassvetovskaya secondary school
Every year, at the end of each quarter, students, teachers and employees of our school do a general cleaning of classrooms and improve the school. A lot of used paper accumulates in cabinets. In addition, during the year we observed that at the end school day school bins contain up to 4 kg of paper waste. After examining other classrooms of the school, home cabinets and tables, we came to the conclusion that the situation is the same everywhere. The question involuntarily arose: “Is it really necessary to carry all this paper to the garbage container, where there are already quite a lot of abandoned paper packaging, newspapers, magazines, cardboard boxes and even books? Is it possible to treat used paper so lightly?
Comparing the amount of paper thrown away, the society's need for paper and the cost of its production, we realized that there is a problem: the amount natural resources used for paper production is declining, and such a valuable resource as waste paper is thrown into a landfill! What can you do with paper waste? The students of our 6th grade decided to look into this issue. This is how the idea of the project “Save the Tree!” was born.
Objective of the project: drawing attention to the problem of inefficient use of paper and identifying ways to save paper in order to save the environment. To achieve this goal, it was necessary to solve severaltasks:
explore ecological problems modern world associated with household waste;
carry out work to study the composition of waste generated at school and at home and analyze the sources of their formation;
develop an action plan for the collection of waste paper by school students.
At the first stage of the project, we theoretically substantiated its importance by revealing the history and technology of paper production. The use of waste paper can significantly save wood and reduce deforestation. When making paper from waste paper, energy consumption is two times lower, and water is a hundred times lower. Experts estimate that Russians annually throw away more than 100 million tons of paper, which is sent to landfills, increasing the amount of garbage around cities. We have developed recommendations “What can we do to save paper?” (Appendix 1).
The practical part of the project implementation is waste paper collection. One of the most effective ways to organize a large-scale collection of waste paper - to involve schoolchildren in this process. In order to collect more waste paper, it is necessary to attract as much as possible more people schools, and even better the village. To activate their participation in the action "Save the tree!" we have developed campaign materials (Appendix 2) "The importance of the forest and its conservation" - leaflet, presentation and material for the radio newspaper (Appendix 3). We introduced the content of the materials to the students of the school on classroom hours. A radio newspaper on this topic was also held. As a result, 1500 kg of waste paper was collected.
18 classes took part in it. And at the beginning of the current school year, the students and teachers themselves have already asked us to organize the collection of waste paper in September, and not wait for May. The action was attended not only by students of the 23rd grade of the school, but also by all employees, headed by the director Alekseeva Vera Yakovlevna. During the autumn collection of waste paper, we collected 1400 kg.
Waste paper sent for recycling will save the life of 51 trees, i.е. one fifth of the trees in our school park. We saved about 700 cubic meters of water, i.e. half of its monthly use in our school and 4500 kWh of electricity, i.e. three months of energy use in our school.
The plan of our project can be implemented in other schools. Paper saving advice can be presented outside of school.
Action "Save the tree!" known and supported by the residents of our village. Materials about it were published in the monthly advertising, information and entertainment newspaper Rassvet and the regional newspaper Dialog.
Appendix 1.
What can we do to save paper?
Fill in notebooks in accordance with the requirements for the subject; use the notebook to the last page.
Use for drafts and creative work clean sheets from old notebooks, as well as A-4 printed sheets filled on one side.
Protect textbooks for future generations of students.
Reduce the number of magazines you buy and share them.
Use unnecessary magazines, newspapers, books for creativity.
Print on the printer those documents that we really need.
If possible, use a printer that automatically prints on both sides of the paper.
Apply new technologies in the transfer and presentation of information: use email, presentations, slides, etc.
Buy paper made from recycled materials.
Get a paper waste box.
Appendix 2
"The meaning of the forest and its conservation"
Appendix 3
Material for the radio newspaper.
Take a look around: newspapers, magazines, advertisements in mailboxes, documents on the desktop, wallpaper on the walls - it's all made of paper, which is produced from different types of wood or paper waste - "waste paper".
The need for paper products is increasing every day, and deforestation is increasing every day. For example, America's forest area, which in the recent past was 900 million hectares, has now shrunk to 262 million hectares. Many floods, dust storms and droughts, air and inland water pollution, loss of biodiversity - all these are the sad consequences of deforestation. Every year, 13 million hectares of forest are lost, while only 6 grow! This means that every second a forest the size of a football field disappears from the face of the planet!
This situation needs to be corrected!
Everyone is talking about the ecological crisis, but in reality, almost no one is doing anything! How can we help? For example, collect waste paper! After all, the use of waste paper allows you to save wood. Do you want to do a good deed? Let's clean up our apartments - collect old newspapers, magazines, books and bring them to school. Collect waste paper and hand it in!
How much forest can you save this way? One ton of waste paper handed over for recycling is 10,000 notebooks, 230 cubic meters of water and 1,500 kWh of electricity saved in paper production. Guys, you and I must save at least one tree from death!
We announce in our school the action "Save the tree!"
Everyone to waste paper!
In the forest, every tree stretches up towards the light. Lagging specimens are in the shade. Not every plant can withstand light starvation, its growth first slows down, then stops, and the tree dries up. The lighter the tree is, the faster it grows in height, the higher its crown is raised. Therefore, trees grown in the forest are tall, their trunks are quite even, the bark is smooth, and the crown is not wide and almost all of them are raised high.
When there is one or more of these trees on the site, they usually try to save them. They decorate the area. Their little shadow moves across big circle, so that it does not interfere with the development of plants growing on the site. Usually single trees do not interfere with the improvement of the site. They look great on the lawn, although, as practice shows, it is better if the lawn is not close to the trunk. The mower cannot cut the grass near the trunk, and you have to spend extra time cleaning it. Of course, you can’t make beds under a tree, and the lawn is not as good as in an open area. But how beautifully mixborders from ornamental bushes, perennial and annual flowers look among the trunks. In some trees, for example, birch, the roots dry out the surface of the earth very much, here the lawn is of poor quality. It is possible to arrange near-trunk circles without any vegetation. Remove a few centimeters of earth around the trunk, spread a black dense non-woven material that allows water to pass through. It can be secured with staples. Place a layer of mulch on the material. It can be painted wood chips, crushed pine bark, nut shells, stone chips. This design is not only elegant, it does not allow weeds to germinate. It was also very successful to place a clearing under a birch with remontant small-fruited strawberries. All summer it is decorated with white flowers and red berries. There are spruce, fir and linden near the tree trunks, especially if you do not clear the bole from branches, you cannot arrange a berry clearing. Here it is advisable to arrange mixborders near the trees or create compositions from decorative bushes.
Save when building
If an area in the forest was allocated for development, then certain difficulties await. Some of the trees are cut down to make way for buildings. They dig the foundation, depriving the trees of the roots, it happens that they cover part of the trunks with moving soil. Storage of building materials, people walking and especially work technical means compact the soil. And how many different garbage builders bury in the ground! From economic activity, the water regime of the soil and its chemical composition. Trees, like people, are stressed by such an unfavorable change in habitat conditions.
Starting the arrangement of the site, first of all, it is necessary to make a survey of the trees, i.e. see how each plant feels: whether its growth is weakened, whether there are mechanical damages on the trunks, whether the fruiting bodies of mushrooms grow on them, whether there are resin drips on the trunks of pines and spruces, flight holes of pest beetles. The frequent visitation of woodpeckers also speaks of the colonization of your trees by beetles. If small holes (beetle flight holes) are found on the bark of trees, an entomologist should be called immediately. Insects reproduce very quickly, settling on neighboring woody plants. The weakening of trees, their diseases can cause death, their resistance to gusts of wind can weaken, and the involuntary fall of a tree, especially growing near buildings, can cause significant damage. If you yourself cut down a tree inhabited by beetles, you must immediately burn it. If you decide to use it as firewood, then immediately you need to sand it, saw it and split it, after drying, put it in a barn. Abandoned barked logs will become a breeding ground for such beetles, whose larvae can damage all wooden buildings.
Of course, it is better to entrust the assessment of the viability of trees to a specialist. If necessary, he will make an analysis of the physical and chemical properties soil, on the basis of which it is possible to determine the causes of the deterioration in the growth of trees and understand how to improve the conditions for their existence. How often, when examining the trees on the site, you find numerous mechanical damage through which fungal spores penetrated into the wood, and its destruction began. As a result, there is a serious threat of windblow and windbreak in strong winds. In addition, insects prefer to colonize diseased and weakened trees.
Forest trees do not like it when their root neck is covered with soil, that is, an expanded place at the base of the trunk, where the roots are connected to the trunk. This must be taken into account both during planting and in the future when changing the layout of the site. There were cases when the bases of the trunks fell asleep during earthworks. Spruce and larch can die even within a month. Without access to air, their bark and cambium at the root neck quickly die off. Other trees can withstand falling asleep for some time, but they feel bad and may dry out completely over time. Once we were invited with a request to help reanimate spruces. When we arrived at the site, we saw a terrible picture: on a slope in spruce forest a beautiful brick house-teremok was built with a basement and a basement. The earth taken out when digging the pit was used in order to reduce the steepness of the slope, that is, they covered the entire spruce forest with earth, thicker at the bottom, thinner at the top. Only in the uppermost part, an oak tree and one Christmas tree remained intact. They leveled the ground very beautifully, sowed the lawn (they mowed it, watered it), and only a year later they realized it when the needles from the fir trees crumbled. They invited a specialist to consult with the question of how to restore needles from trees. The chagrin of the owners knew no bounds when they learned that the trees had died. After all, they bought this site precisely because of the forest.
We also saw other "ennobled" forest areas - those where the recesses between the trees were covered with soil and sown with lawn grass. But if in the forest canopy the density of crowns is high, i.e. the sun's rays do not fall on the surface of the earth, then even a mixture of seeds of shade-tolerant cereals will not make a good lawn. You can spread between the trees, without affecting their base, a rolled lawn of shade-tolerant cereals, but it will delight for 1-2 years, the cereals will gradually disappear on it. Such a lawn can be used only in cases where the forest canopy is sparse and spots from the sun's rays "walk" through the forest.
Some "ennoblement" actions sometimes do great harm to the forest corner of the garden. For example, only a couple of trees were cut down, and a gazebo was built in their place. So nice to relax in such a cozy place on a hot summer day. But this violated both the canopy of the forest and the root systems. In the spruce forest, there is a danger of a windblow, especially if the site has even a slight slope.
If you got a piece of forest for a summer cottage, look how harmonious everything is in it. Try to preserve the plant community - it has been created by nature over the years. Try to harm him as little as possible. By the way, most often the air-water regime is violated in the soil due to the arrangement of fences on a capital foundation, while the natural movements of soil water are blocked, water stagnation forms, which leads to a sharp change in environmental conditions. When arranging the territory, it is imperative to take care of drainage.
DIY
If you yourself decide to plant forest trees on the site, then make sure that they fit well on the territory. At the same time, it must be taken into account that birches and spruces will grow as tall as in the forest, but their crowns will be wider. Pine and oak in an open place spread their branches widely, capturing large spaces. High up, as in a forest, they do not grow, but they form thick boughs that grow almost horizontally for several meters. These trees take up a lot of space. I saw a plot where one pine tree once planted by my parents shaded and brought five apple trees out of fruit-bearing formation. It should also be taken into account that many trees develop well surface roots, for example, spruce and horse chestnut. The chestnut crown can be kept in a certain size by regular pruning, and you cannot cut the root system.
Before planting a forest tree near the house or leaving the self-sowing that has appeared on the site, you need to think about whether this tree will be appropriate here. Remember that free-growing trees scatter their crowns widely, unless, of course, this is a pyramidal shape. Do not plant trees closer than 4 m to buildings. Coordinate their presence with the nearest neighbor. According to the charter of garden associations, fruit trees it is not supposed to be planted closer than 4 m to the fence, but forest trees will significantly outgrow fruit trees. In the presence of a very tall tree, care must be taken to strengthen the lightning rod. Lightning selects the highest objects, and wet wood can serve as a conductor of electrical discharge.
If there is enough space, only then plant your favorite trees so that with their presence they purify the air, constantly delight the eye, especially when meeting and parting.
Subtleties of care
What attention do forest communities need? A spruce plantation is significantly lightened if the trees are freed from dried branches. The air regime in compacted soil can be improved by bayoneting. To do this, make punctures with a pitchfork, trying not to damage the roots of the trees. Mark paths for walking: they can be marked by placing flat stones at a step distance from each other. If there is enough light for grass to grow, then it can be sown between stones and then mowed to the width of the mower. This will be enough to make the forest look well-groomed. Shade-tolerant ornamental grasses can be added to the natural vegetation: ferns, periwinkle, bergenia, pachysandra, lilies of the valley, two-leaved mink, oxalis, zelenchuk, wild garlic, forest geranium, variegated gout, spring pine, chickweed, etc. You can create compositions from hosta and astilbe. Shrubs tolerate shading well and adorn the forest corner of the hollow-leaved mahonia, tree and paniculate hydrangeas, and junipers. Decorate your forest corners with spring flowering of small-bulbous plants (scilla feels especially good in the forest). You can plant berries - strawberries, blueberries, lingonberries, kostyaniki, princess.
The trees themselves also need to be looked after. Check for any mechanical damage. If there is, then clean them to healthy wood, treat with blue vitriol and paint in two layers with oil paint. If you find small holes on the bark (including those of shriveled trees) - the flight holes of beetles, immediately call a specialist, he will identify the pest and give recommendations on how to deal with it. Fruiting bodies of mushrooms, especially tinder fungi, on a tree trunk indicate that the wood is destroyed, such trees are dangerous due to their unpredictable fall. The trees on which the woodpecker “works” should also be considered dangerous. It is better to remove them in advance, without waiting for their sudden fall.
Galina Ilinskaya
Socio-ecological project "How to save a tree"
1. Relevance of the project:
1. Forest resources play a huge role on Earth. They restore oxygen, groundwater, prevent soil destruction. However, in recent times there is a widespread reduction in forest area. One of the reasons for the destruction of forests is their deforestation in order to use wood as a raw material for making paper.
2. Paper is quite cheap and renewable - many people think so. Unfortunately, paper production is a much more resource-intensive process than we think. That is why it is so important to raise children's environmental consciousness and draw public attention to the problems of using natural and energy resources, and protecting the environment. Both saving and recycling paper not only saves forests, energy, soil, water, air, but also saves our money.
3. The project is aimed at the formation of environmental consciousness and the enrichment of knowledge among older children. preschool age about nature native land, cities. Children's knowledge will approach the system. Children will show a steady interest in the knowledge of the nature of our region. They can predict the negative impact of a person. They will show a sense of pride and admiration for their small homeland.
2. Statement of the problem: if a lot of wood is required to make paper, then it is necessary to reuse paper in the form of waste paper, which goes to the production of sanitary and hygienic products.
3. Direction of the project: introducing children to the study and protection of the nature of their native land.
4. Purpose of the project: the formation in children of a sense of belonging to all living things, a humane attitude towards environment and the desire to take care of the preservation of nature, understanding the importance of economical use of paper and the possibility of recycling.
5. Project objectives:
1. To form in children a system of elementary ecological knowledge about the nature of their native land, accessible to the understanding of children.
2. Develop cognitive interest in flora, the ability to reflect this in artistic and productive activities.
3. Form initial ideas about relationships in nature.
4. To cultivate love for nature, personal responsibility for its preservation.
6. Expected result:
1. Children will develop a respect for trees as a raw material for paper production.
2. Conscious participation of children and parents in the collection of waste paper.
3. An understanding of the inextricable connection between man and nature will be formed by children.
4. Children will confidently distinguish characteristics different trees, learn about those that need protection.
7. Educational areas: social and communicative, cognitive, artistic and aesthetic, speech development.
8. Deadlines: April 2017
9. View, project type: short-term, mixed (cognitive - creative)
10. Project participants: 39 people (children of the preparatory group, parents, educators)
Project implementation
Stage 1 - diagnostic (analytical)
1. Diagnosis of representations in children on this issue.
2. Problem questions for children:
1) Does a person need paper?
2) Why is the paper different?
3) Is it possible to give paper a second life?
Study questions:
1) Was there paper before?
2) How and on what did people write before the invention of paper?
3) Who invented paper and when?
4) What kinds of paper do we know?
5) What qualities of paper do we know?
6) What is made of paper?
7) What is paper made of?
8) What is waste paper?
9)How to recycle paper?
10) Why do you need to save paper?
11) How does a tree grow?
12) Why is the forest considered our wealth?
parents
1. Questioning of parents in order to identify the degree of significance of this problem in the system of family education priorities.
2. Sociological survey. (Appendix)
teachers
Selection of children's fiction on this issue.
Making didactic games.
Stage 2 - theoretical (preparatory)
teachers
1. Collecting and searching for information on this topic (illustrative material, photographs, fiction, encyclopedias, Internet resources, etc.)
2. Study and analysis of scientific and methodological literature.
Stage 3 - prognostic (own design)
teachers
1. Drawing up a work plan, planning individual and subgroup work with children and parents
Stage 4 - organizational (creation of conditions for ensuring the development of the project)
parents
1. Involving parents in replenishing the developing object-spatial environment.
teachers
1. A selection of didactic and methodological equipment for the project.
2. Creation of a developing object-spatial environment.
Conducting didactic games:
“Children from a branch”, “From what tree is a leaf”, “1,2,3 run to the tree”. Quiz "Russian Forest".
Stage 5 - approbation (practical, project implementation)
1. Reading children's fiction:
"Russian Forest" Sokolov - Mikitov,
"Two Forests" by R. Sterkin,
"Stories about the Russian forest" V. Morozov and others.
1. Lesson on cognitive development: conversation "Who is the boss in the forest?"
2. Lesson on social and communicative development "How is paper made?" (show cartoon).
Artistic and aesthetic development:
A) Application "There was a birch in the field"
B) Drawing "Trees in spring"
C) Manual labor "Trees" (origami)
2. Excursion to VDPO
3. Excursion to the production of sanitary products
4. Final event: ecological fairy tale "A tree has friends"
parents
"Give a book to the library"
"Paper has a second life" (collection of waste paper)
"Let's keep the tree alive" (planting trees in the kindergarten area)
2. Booklets "Let's save the forest from fire"
teachers
Consultation "Forest is our wealth".
11. Resources: legal, organizational, informational, material and technical, scientific and methodological.
12. Product: conservation of natural resources needed for paper production
13. Possible risks:
Disinterest of parents (low level of significance of this problem in the system of priorities for family education of preschoolers,
Lack of initiative of children to this problem.
14. Performance criteria:
a) Increasing the pedagogical competence of educators and parents, their awareness of the importance, problems for ensuring environmental safety and successful socialization of preschoolers.
b) Formed ideas of preschoolers about caring for nature, the practical application of the knowledge gained.
c) The manifestation of a culture of behavior in nature among pupils of preschool educational institutions, parents and teachers.
Appendix
Sociological survey:
1. Did you know that paper is made from trees?
2. Do you try to save paper?
3. What do you usually do with used paper at home?
A) I burn
B) Dispose of with household waste
B) Other
4. In your opinion, can waste paper be reused?
5. Have you ever taken part in the collection of waste paper?
6. Would you take part in waste paper collection?
Related publications:
Scenario class hour "How to save energy" Class hour script: “How to save energy” Topic: Visiting fairy fairies Purpose: to introduce children to a careful attitude to natural resources.
Summary of GCD for children of the older group "Vision, how to save it?" Tasks. Educational: To cultivate a caring attitude to the sense organs - the eyes Educational: To study the structure of the eye Developing: Enrichment.
Summary of GCD in the preparatory group using health-saving technologies "How to save health?" Municipal Preschool educational institution Kindergarten"Sun". Synopsis Continuous educational activities in preparatory.
GCD of health-saving technologies in the senior group "How to save your health" Explanatory note In preschool childhood, the foundation of a child's health is laid, his intensive growth and development takes place, and they are formed.
Trees on the site may suffer during construction, but growing new ones is a matter of decades. There are ways to save trees during construction. Let's look at a few ways that will help you save green spaces when building buildings and structures on the site.
Experts call forest areas the most difficult for construction. The forest is a separate ecological system, a rude human invasion with special equipment and building materials usually completely destroys it. If you decide to keep slender pines, lush spruces, centuries-old oaks and beautiful birch trees on the site you have inherited, you will have to solve a difficult task, which is far from always possible to complete 100%.
The first thing you should definitely think about is the geodetic survey of the site. There is such a thing as a tree topographic survey, when a clear plan is drawn up for all the plants available on the site. Such outdoor shooting is necessary not only for drawing up a plan landscape design, but also for the general planning of the entire construction site, including the laying of utilities.
Usually, when shooting under a tree, all plants above 1.3 m with a trunk of more than eight centimeters are recorded. Small seedlings, of course, are easier to dig up and move to a safe place, for example, to the far corner of the future garden, away from the construction site, they usually take root well in a new place. Trees that are located at a distance of five meters from the border of your site are also subject to shooting, this is important when planning the laying of pipes and other communications.
Second, there are specialists such as phytopathologists. They perform the same functions as veterinarians, but only in relation to trees. Such a specialist in plant diseases will tell you which tree can be cut down painlessly, because it is not advisable to save it due to age and the presence of diseases. After studying the plan drawn up by surveyors, phytopathologists will identify trees that should be preserved by any means and will give their recommendations on a possible transplantation of plants to another place.
It is clear that surveying and the services of phytopathologists will lead to additional costs. However, they are usually relatively small, and you definitely want the house to be surrounded by pine trees in order to enjoy healthy resin-laden air.
Of course, even before the start of construction, a clear plan should be drawn up based on geodetic surveys. Now that you know exactly which trees can be cut down and which ones will remain, you can carefully choose a place for the house on the site that is as free from plants as possible. It is advisable to involve an architect who will take into account your wishes, a typical house project on the site in this case is not very suitable.
The biggest threat to trees is the construction of the foundation. In this sense, a pile-screw foundation is much more preferable, as it will cause less damage to the soil and surrounding plants. Many people consider such a pile-screw foundation not very reliable, but it is well suited for wooden buildings, houses made of glued beams, frame buildings.
When starting construction, the trees remaining on the site should be protected from possible mechanical damage:
- Protect trees with solid wooden shields. Their height should be at least two meters. Shields should be placed in a triangle at a distance of about 50 centimeters from the tree trunk. Of course, you can not nail shields directly to the barrel! They are attached to pegs hammered or dug into the ground.
- The root system of a tree can be protected by decking, which is laid within a radius of one and a half meters from the trunk, in a circle.
Location outbuildings, terraces, driveways, asphalt or tile pavement should be planned in such a way that holes with diameters of at least two meters remain around the tree.
Immediately agree with the builders where they will put the garbage, which will definitely appear in the process of building a house. Find a place for it so as not to spoil the soil around the trees. It is also necessary to store building materials at a distance of at least 2.5 m from the tree. The same principle applies to earthworks when laying communications - step back from the tree at least two meters.
If a root system the tree was still damaged, special measures should be taken to save it. In particular, harmful organisms and fungi should be prevented from entering wounded roots. The site should be quickly backfilled with earth so that the roots do not remain outside. You can water and fertilize the tree, helping it mate with the injury.
It is equally important to prevent the tree trunk from falling asleep with soil above the root collar, a very important organ for plants. To prevent excessive falling asleep of the tree with earth, it is possible to equip a dry well around the trunk - open or closed. The depth of such a well can be from 30 to 80 cm, the distance from the trunk to the wall is usually 50 cm. The walls themselves can be laid out of brick or stone.
If you are not sure at what distance from the tree you can safely build, focus on the projection of the crown and add about a meter to it, so as not to seriously damage the roots. So that builders and special equipment do not trample the soil, destroying it, it is advisable to organize wooden walkways for people, temporary road slabs or crushed stone pillows for cars.
We agree that such a tree conservation plan seems to be something complicated and costly. However, as the photos presented by us show, it is possible to save plants! Believe me, the trees will become the main decoration of your site, and the house will be comfortably located among nature, which has preserved its original appearance.
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