Soldiers who have committed criminal offenses serve their sentences in this formation. Also, cadets of military universities who have not yet received an officer rank can get into the "diesel".
"Diesel" was created in order to create a place for criminal punishment for the military. It was created in accordance with the Criminal Code, which was in force earlier. The period that a soldier spends in a "diesel" will not be counted in the main period of active service.
Although, in some, special cases, it can be counted. Such a special case may be the order of the commander-in-chief of the military district. A serviceman who has served time is sent to the regular troops after a debate. In the regular troops, a soldier finishes the term that remained to him at the time when he was convicted.
The terms for which the military went there were different and changed over time. Since the late 1980s, this period has been increased to 3 years.
The permanent composition of a separate "diesel" is usually 300 people. But the number of variable composition may vary depending on the number of convicts. The number of variable composition cannot be more than 500 people. Next, we will tell you if there are osdibs now?
Is there a dispute in Russia now?
In the early 2000s, the number of osdibs was reduced. Several of them were disbanded. Now there are only two osdibas left in Russia. In some CIS countries, they have completely ceased to exist.
What is the difference between a guardhouse and a disciplinary battalion?
Of course, there are some similarities. And there, and there, the soldiers are serving their sentences.
However, there are also differences. How are these two formations different from each other?
- The first difference is the duration of the content. At the guardhouse, the period of detention of the military does not exceed 15 days. In the "diesel" period of maintenance of employees is much longer, it can reach 3 years.
- Violations. In the guardhouse, soldiers usually serve their sentences for minor disciplinary infractions. And in osdib they serve the appointed punishment. In addition, the guardhouse has special rooms in which soldiers suspected of serious crimes are kept.
It is these servicemen who, according to the court's conclusion, are sent to the "diesel". It is there that soldiers who have committed crimes are serving their sentences.
Osdib is a place where the military serve sentences of up to three years. If the military has committed a serious enough crime and his punishment exceeds 3 years, he is sent to the civilian.
Why do they get into osdib in the army?
In the army there is such a thing as osdib.
Why can you get there? For example, for .
You can also get there if a soldier grossly violated the charter, left the military unit without permission, or divulged military secrets. Also sent there are those who refused to follow orders.
Violent murderers, as well as rapists and other criminals who have committed rather serious crimes, are not imprisoned there. They go to the civilian zone.
How are soldiers sent to this institution?
A soldier may be sent to a disciplinary battalion only by a court decision.
If a soldier is suspected of committing a crime, he is sent to a special room, which is located in the guardhouse. Further investigation is underway. If it is confirmed that the serviceman has committed a crime, the court makes an appropriate decision. After the conclusion of the court, the convict is escorted to osdib.
Is the service in Osdiba under a contract?
In the disciplinary battalion, soldiers can serve both on conscription and on contract.
Important! It is worth noting that those persons who have can not serve under the contract. Thus, if a citizen who wants to serve under a contract in a disbat was already there in a variable composition and his criminal record was not removed, then a contract with him will not be concluded.
A candidate contractor goes through several stages of selection. At the final stage of selection, the candidate is checked for the presence or absence of a criminal record.
If all checks are passed, then a citizen can be accepted into the army under a contract. He is issued a military ID, after which a contract is concluded with him.
After the conclusion of the contract, the citizen is trained and sent to the place where he will serve. Such a place could be a disciplinary battalion.
Since there are only two such battalions, and the number of soldiers serving there is limited to 300 for each of the battalions, the chance that a soldier will be there is quite low.
How is it going?
Service in the disciplinary battalion is the same as in other places. A feature of the service in this place can be called enhanced control in relation to prisoners.
The servicemen who serve in this particular place are part of the permanent composition of the disciplinary battalion.
How many of them are there in Russia? Addresses of military disputes
How many disbats are there in the country? Now in Russia there are only two osdiba. Addresses.
Hello dear readers.
I would like to talk about a terrible place for soldiers, where, fortunately, few get now - about disbat.
I myself have not been there. Colleagues and a boy in the hospital, who served there in full, told me about the disbat.
Disbat - a disciplinary battalion, it is also a "diesel". This is a special military unit, to which military personnel who have committed serious disciplinary offenses in relation to service are sent.
This part is surrounded by high fences with barbed wire. There are shooting towers around the perimeter. There is an armed guard, a cynological and equestrian department in case of an escape. But, in fact, it is impossible to escape from the disbat.
Why do they get into disbat.
The main reasons for flying into a disbat are a beating with infliction of grievous bodily harm, a gross violation of the charter (for example, while standing on duty, he played with a bayonet knife, and then suddenly the company commander comes in and the bayonet knife, as luck would have it, jumps out of his hands and sticks in his leg) , SOC - unauthorized abandonment of the unit (to give SOCCH - an army expression meaning escape from the unit), disclosure of military secrets (we had one shot - I called my girlfriend and said: “I’m sitting here in a warehouse, but there’s enough cartridges and TNT to smash the city !”... as a result, uncles from the FSB arrived and the guy left for demobilization a year later). Thus, you can get into a diesel engine, both for running to frighten birds with a machine gun, and for not following an order. Described about the nutrition of infants.
How to send to disbat.
An act is drawn up for the guilty soldier, the commanders fill out a bunch of papers on him. On the appointed day, a car arrives and takes the soldier to a distant wilderness, that is, very far from settlements. Once in a disbat, a soldier surrenders his things. He is given a special form. Mobile phones are prohibited in disbat.
Service in disbat.
In general, speaking seriously, this is not a service, but simply hell. Cool dembal peppers break in a week, or even earlier. The soldier is obliged to know the date of the start of the service, the date of enrollment in the disbat and the date of the end of the service in the disbat, the number of the article by which he was identified in the disbat and the transcript of the article is also memorized. In disbat, everything is done according to the charter, all movements are only on the run and only in formation. The only place where you can relax is the dining room. In disbat there is corrective-compulsory labor. For example, manually making concrete blocks or working at a sawmill. Every day, complete zadrotstvo drill, physical exercises, and unreal drochilovo in repeating the charter in chorus. In winter, of course, the nerdiness lies in the fact that the soldiers are forced to make unrealistically even edgings from snow (an edging is a square of snow). If you messed up somewhere or refused to obey, then you end up in a guardhouse. The guardhouse (aka “lip” or “kicha”) is a closed-type room, where it’s cold as hell and you need to go gray on an iron chair, at an iron table. When opening the door, it is necessary to approach the one who opened the door with a marching step and name everything that was described above regarding the article and date, as well as the rank and surname. The convicts have only one rank in the disbat - private. Even if you are an officer, even a sergeant, you are a private in a diesel engine. Only the so-called free conscripts who serve here on conscription, as well as officers of this unit, have ranks in the unit. It is impossible to agree with either of them, since this is a direct road for them to diesel in the form of convicts. For this reason, the conscripts serving there are taciturn, because the first article of the charter says: "The sentry is prohibited: To make any contact with the convict ...". I know a case when a convict asked the guard for a cigarette and he gave it to him, and the head of the guard saw this case. The result is deplorable: the guard received a sentence even longer than the convict to whom he gave a cigarette. There are cases when guys were stuffed into a disbat for completely already complete garbage. Most of these cases, of course, was associated with the personal hostility of the officer to the soldier. In rare cases, in such a barbaric way they demonstrated that there is discipline in the unit.
It is especially easy to get into disbat if the part is statutory. On the Internet, I read correspondence between Dagestanis about one such statutory part, so in it even the most harmful Dagestanis stand on the bedside table, because they are afraid to get into a disbat. One told the other that they put them in a diesel engine for any garbage.
But the most difficult, of course, is for those conscripts who serve in the disbat on conscription: any jamb is clearly not in their favor.
Of course, now they are less likely to be put in a disbat, since officers are reluctant to run around with pieces of paper, and they are also deprived of bonuses for violations identified in the unit, etc. In addition, there are only two disputes left now. However, if the officers want, they will put them in a disbat.
So do not relax, or, even more so, go to serious violations, so that the service does not turn out to be longer than a year, and does not take place mostly in pitch hell.
The article was written by Alexander Terentiev, good service to those who serve and go to serve, and health to parents.
Once again, at the invitation of the press club of the Ministry of Defense, which regularly organizes press tours for bloggers, I went to study military life from the inside. This time the unit was not quite ordinary - the 28th separate DISCIPLINARY BATTALION in Mulino.
Dad, who served in the army in the 80s, said that the soldiers were always afraid of disbat like fire. There was an opinion: a zone is better than a disbat. So I went to the unit in advance full of sympathy and compassion for the guys who found themselves in inhuman conditions. Now I can frankly tell everyone: there are no "inhuman" conditions, no one is torturing anyone. Discipline, a strict daily routine, work and an almost complete lack of free time - this, in fact, is all that distinguishes a disbat from an ordinary military unit.
And about the comparison with the zone: only 5% of the guys who served their sentences in the disbat later commit crimes. I think we can all guess that the percentage of people who get out of prison and commit a crime again is very high.
Why do they get into debate?
First of all, I was interested in the fate of people who ended up in the disciplinary battalion. Who, why, for how long is convicted, pleads guilty or not, etc. Thanks to the unit's superiors for allowing me to ask questions and talk to any of the soldiers, including new arrivals.
This is Yegor, he is 21 years old. He served in Tver in the Air Force. On the 7th month of service, he quarreled with a guy from the new draft, hit him.
I ask: why did you do it?
"I wanted to show that I'm better. Now, of course, I understand that I was wrong, but there's nothing to fix."
For a bruise to a colleague, Yegor will serve 8 months in disbat. I don’t know whether it’s sincere or not, but he says that the conditions are normal, not much different from the army, “only they are watching us seriously.”
"Here I became calmer. I realized that it is impossible to inflict pain. And even more so, it is not worth losing 8 months of freedom. When I return home, I dream of going to university, studying to be a psychologist."
Sergei has a different story. He just arrived in the unit, sentenced to 10 months. He probably does not admit his guilt, and he certainly did not expect that he would be punished for disobeying orders. And in vain...
Extract from the verdict (photo below):
"At about 11 p.m. on January 4, 2011, Private Grigoriev, being on duty in the unit ... in the barracks without good reason and acting deliberately, evading a number of duties military service and wanting to create easier conditions for himself to pass it, ... openly and defiantly refused to comply with the oral order of the duty officer for this military unit to clean the barracks assigned to the orderly company ... "
Well, many more stories could be told, but they are all similar: disobedience of orders, unauthorized abandonment of the unit, did not return from dismissal, beat a colleague ... They are really sorry, but then you understand: they are in disbat for a cause, and he is right unit commander who does not cover hazing among soldiers.
The number of those serving sentences in the disbat is not growing: now there are 200 people there (for comparison, in 2004 there were more than 700). It pleases =)
What do soldiers in disbat do?
Disbat is first of all a discipline. The daily routine is as follows:
6.30 - rise
6.40 - control formation on the parade ground
50 minutes of charging
Then the morning toilet, making the bed
8.20 - breakfast
9.00 - building, raising the flag
9.10 - 13.50 - training sessions for people in quarantine (those who are here for no more than 2 weeks)
The rest at this time are engaged in socially useful work, work in a reinforced concrete shop (photos will be below)
14.00 - lunch. Then personal time.
16.00 - control building
until 17.50 - classes and socially useful work
18.00 - 18.50 - those who are in quarantine undergo a daily medical examination for bruises and marks from beatings (according to the head of the unit, this is nonsense in disbat, but these are the rules)
19.20 - 19.50 - dinner
Then personal time
21.50 - formation and evening walk (20 minutes)
Work in the concrete shop. The proceeds from the sold products are credited to the account of the part. The work is VERY difficult, but the education of fighters is possible only through labor, and nothing else. You have to work hard.
And this is lunch:
They feed well. Soup, buckwheat with chicken, vegetable salad, fruit drink. And about. the commander of the unit gave his word that this was not window dressing and that the guys had such food every day.
"Let's go see our poodles and lapdogs," they told us, and we went. cute dogs))
I had to stand aside, because I was very embarrassed by this huge dog, shaking the bars and howling heartbreakingly, and I was especially embarrassed by the soldier who held the wobbly lock on the enclosure door with his hand. Then we were told that 3 years ago the convict tried to escape. It was the dogs who caught him. 16 bites + crossfire on the legs from the guards. No one else tried to run away.
demonstration performances
The results are
I didn’t have time to ask a lot, time was very limited, for example, how one serves in a security company (these are ordinary conscripts).
For those who came here not by chance, but for a cause, it is hard not so much physically as mentally. Barbed wire, 2 security systems, at night the territory is also guarded by dogs. Every two hours - building and checking the composition. Terms rather big - from 3 months to 2 years. At the end of the term, the guy goes to serve the army, only to another part. Meetings with relatives are allowed (4 times a year), but only with the closest - parents, brothers, sisters and wives. 1 parcel per month is also allowed, but the list of items is strictly limited.
But there would be no such units (and we now have two disbats - in Mulino and in Chita), many would go to serve time behind bars.
Conclusion: if you serve, take the army seriously. Respect the rules and colleagues. Although I didn’t see any horrors in the disbat, I don’t advise getting there.
Disciplinary battalions (disbats, or as they are also called by conscripts, “diesels”) are specialized military units to which ordinary soldiers who have committed serious offenses while serving in the Armed Forces are sent. Offenses can be very different, but mostly they are criminal offenses. In addition, disciplinary battalions are intended for cadets of military schools or institutes with a military direction to stay in them until they have been awarded the rank of private in the Russian army.
From the history of disputes
In accordance with the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council Soviet Union ordinary military personnel, as well as junior commanding staff, were sent to separate disciplinary battalions. The military tribunal court sentenced them to imprisonment for terms of six months to two years, most often for unauthorized absence. Subsequently, it was practiced to replace deprivation of liberty for terms of up to two years with the direction to separate disciplinary battalions of those military personnel who also committed ordinary crimes with an insignificant public danger. As soon as the Great Patriotic War began, most separate disciplinary battalions (except for those stationed in eastern regions Soviet Union) was disbanded. The servicemen serving their sentences were sent to the front line and enrolled in ordinary military or penal units - this depended on the severity of the crimes committed.
At the end of the summer of 1942, in accordance with Order No. 227 (popularly referred to as “Not a step back”), it was decided to create front-line penal battalions for command personnel, as well as army penal companies for Red Army sergeants and foremen.
According to the combat schedule of penal units and units of the Red Army in 1942-1945, there were more than 50 penal battalions and more than 1000 penal companies. In the post-war period, most of these units and units were disbanded or reorganized. Thus, the first disciplinary battalions were created, which, under this name, were able to survive after the collapse of the Soviet Union in the armed forces of the CIS countries. Similar units were retained by the Russian Federation, Ukraine, Belarus, as well as some other states.
Disciplinary battalions are present in all districts and in the Naval Forces. Servicemen in such units are divided into "permanent" staff (passing active military service by conscription or under a contract, holding command positions, from the squad leader to the battalion commander); as well as the "variable" composition, which are the convicts. For military personnel holding officer positions, military ranks may be assigned one step higher than is provided for in similar combined arms units and units. So, a captain can be a platoon commander, a major can be a company commander, and a serviceman with the military rank of colonel is appointed the commander of a battalion (disbat). Servicemen sent to disciplinary battalions, according to the decision of the military tribunal, are deprived of their military ranks, which can be restored after the end of the term of serving the sentence (or in connection with release on parole) in cases where the convicts were not deprived of such in the process of sentencing.
Reasons for sending to disbat
Today, some conscripts commit crimes for which they have to answer anyway. They are sent to the battalion, while their term of service is not lost, apart from some exceptions that are provided for and are in the power of the commander of the military district. Thus, at the end of the term of punishment, military personnel are sent for further service in their units and units in order to serve out the remaining time.
There is only one reason why servicemen end up in disciplinary battalions to serve their sentences: a criminally punishable crime has been committed, and a military court has issued an appropriate verdict.
If a serviceman has fully served his sentence and was released to end his service, documentary evidence that he committed criminal offenses is not provided.
Sentences that will decide the fate of offenders can only be handed down by military courts. Military personnel whose offenses are not considered serious and do not entail punishment for more than two years can get into disciplinary battalions. The most common crimes committed by military personnel are "AWOL" or the so-called "hazing".
Disbat differs from prison in that convicts are kept in it not in accordance with the Code of Criminal Procedure, but in accordance with general military regulations.
The differences between disciplinary battalions and ordinary military units are manifested in the following:
- Unquestioning obedience to general military regulations;
- Extremely rigid planning of the day;
- No layoffs.
Servicemen who fall into disputes are mainly engaged in household chores.
Features of the penal battalion
The disciplinary battalion contains up to 350 soldiers. The regime of their detention and punishment has been described in special documentation since the times of the Soviet Union, supplemented in the Russian Federation since June 1997, as well as in the order of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation of July 29 of the same year.
At the end of one third of the term of punishment, if the soldiers distinguished themselves by exemplary behavior, some of them may be offered redirection to the detachment to the reformers. In addition, they can be given the opportunity to serve in a daily order or perform the duties of workers.
The terms of stay in disbat are mainly no more than 24 months, mainly due to theft and hazing. In most cases, soldiers are sent to a disciplinary battalion for a period of 5 to 17 months.
When replenishment arrives in the disbat, it must be placed in quarantine. These soldiers are then given 30 days of intensive training. After its passage, the process of distributing them among the companies begins.
In disciplinary battalions, there is a strict observance of the daily routine, in which there are many restrictions. For example, visits to convicts are strictly regulated and take place according to the schedule. They are short-term, no more than two or three hours, and only in the presence of escorts.
Any transfers from relatives or friends, with a few exceptions, are prohibited. In addition, coffee, tea, and even more so, alcohol are prohibited. Prohibitions apply to stationery as well. Convicts are entitled to one pen with two stems and nine envelopes.
In disbat, convicts are forbidden to communicate with each other and move freely. Military personnel who have committed an offense with accomplices are distributed among different units. At the same time, they may not even see each other during the entire time they are serving their sentence. Violation of these rules entails punishment with serving in a guardhouse.
Before arriving at the disciplinary battalions, the servicemen are kept in pre-trial detention centers. As a result, young people borrow the manner of behavior of experienced prisoners with many "walkers". Such an experience often leads to deplorable changes in the unformed psyche of soldiers.
It is clear that in such places attempts to escape are not uncommon, there were even riots in disbats. But this did not lead to anything good, but only ensured an increase in the term of serving. In cases where convicted soldiers were a model of exemplary behavior, they received the privilege of deducting the time spent in disbat from the term of service.
End of sentence
Not so long ago, servicemen who had served their terms were provided with funds to be sent back to units to complete their military service. It often happened that they committed crimes along the way, so the command decided to provide them with escort. But due to the fact that it is not always possible to find accompanying people quickly, sending is often delayed.
If you have any questions - leave them in the comments below the article. We or our visitors will be happy to answer them.
disbat
Disciplinary Battalion (« disbat"") - a special military unit in which military personnel convicted of criminal offenses during the period of military service and cadets of the Higher Educational Institution are serving their sentences until they receive the primary officer rank. It was created for the same purposes in accordance with the previous criminal code. The term of service for convicts in the "disbat" was not counted in the total term of service, with the exception of special cases (order of the commander of the district). In the late 80s, the term of service, by decision of the Military Tribunal, was increased to three years. There were disputes in each district, with division into "sea" and "land". The servicemen were divided into "permanent" composition (not convicted, who held positions from squad commanders to battalion commanders) and "variable" composition - convicts. "Permanent" officers were given a rank one higher than in ordinary units (platoon commander - captain, company commander - major, battalion commander - colonel). A soldier sent to Disbat ("diesel") by the decision of the Military Tribunal, upon arrival in Disbat, is deprived military rank, which is restored to him upon serving his term of service in Disbat (or release on parole). A serviceman sent to the disbat (application of Article 34 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR to the convicted person) by the decision of the Military Tribunal, after serving the appointed term, had no criminal record (Article 57 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR).
From the end of the summer of 1942, on the basis of Order No. 227 of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief I.V. Stalin created front-line penal battalions for officers and army penal companies - for the Red Army, sergeants and foremen. The combat schedule of the penal units of the Red Army - gg. consisted of 60 penal battalions and 1049 penal companies. After the end of the Great Patriotic War, they were transformed into disciplinary battalions and remained under this name even after the collapse of the USSR in armed forces Russian Federation, Ukraine, Belarus and other CIS countries.
At present, the procedure and conditions for the detention of convicted servicemen in the Disciplinary Battalions are determined by the "Regulations on the Disciplinary Battalion in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation" approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of June 4, N 669 and Order of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation N 302 of July 29, 1997. convicted in the Disciplinary Battalion on time military service is not included (with the exception of cases of a petition from the command of the unit addressed to the Commander of the military district, under whose subordination the Disciplinary Battalion is located, about the offset of the period of stay in the Disciplinary Battalion in the term of active military service), but the convicts remain military personnel and wear shoulder straps of privates (sailors). After serving 1/3 of the term of punishment, a convict who has embarked on the path of correction may be enrolled in the "category of the reformed" and allowed to serve in the outfit or to work outside the territory of the unit (under escort or without it). After serving at least half of the term of punishment, convicts from among those enrolled in the "reformed" category can be presented for parole.
Literature
- Great Patriotic War 1941–1945: Encyclopedia.- / Ch. ed. MM. Kozlov. -M.: Sov. Encyclopedia, 1985. -832 p. with illustration, 35 sheets. ill.
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Synonyms:See what "Disbat" is in other dictionaries:
Exist., number of synonyms: 1 battalion (10) ASIS synonym dictionary. V.N. Trishin. 2013 ... Synonym dictionary
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disbat- disb at, but ... Russian spelling dictionary
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Books
- Disbat. Novel. Series Absolute weapon, Yuri Brider, Nikolai Chadovich. The book was published in 2000, 448 pages. Do you know how to properly fight demons and demons that want to break into our world from the underworld itself? Just don't smile thinking that these...
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