The term of military service. What is the term of service in the army now, what it was before

No. 1237 (as amended on 10.01.2009 No. 30)

Guided by the Federal Law "On Defense", I decide:
1. To approve the attached Regulation on the procedure for passing military service.
2. Director of the Foreign Intelligence Service Russian Federation, heads of federal executive bodies, which include foreign intelligence agencies of the Russian Federation, when establishing the age limit for military service personnel of these agencies, be guided by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of April 21, 1996 No. 574 "On the procedure for establishing the maximum age of stay in the military service of the military personnel of the foreign intelligence agencies of the Russian Federation ".
3. The Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, together with interested federal executive bodies, to generalize the practice of using in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, federal executive bodies, which provide for military service, approved by this Decree of the Regulation on the procedure for military service and, if necessary, in March 2000 No. submit proposals for its improvement in accordance with the established procedure.
4. Not to apply on the territory of the Russian Federation the Decrees of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR according to the list according to the appendix.
5. To recognize as invalid the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of January 4, 1999 No. 4 "Issues of military service" (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 1999, No. 2, Art. 264).
6. The Government of the Russian Federation to bring its normative legal acts in line with this Decree within 3 months.

President of the Russian Federation B. YELTSIN
Moscow, the Kremlin September 16, 1999 No. 1237
Approved by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation
dated September 16, 1999 No. 1237

REGULATIONS ON THE ORDER OF MILITARY SERVICE
(as amended by the Decrees of the President of the Russian Federation of 10.01.2009 No. 30)
Section I. GENERAL PROVISIONS

Article 1. General Provisions on military service
1. The regulation on the procedure for military service determines the procedure for citizens of the Russian Federation to perform military service by conscription and voluntarily (by contract) in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies, military units of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for civil defense, emergencies and liquidation of consequences natural Disasters(hereinafter referred to as - military units of the State Fire Service), provided for by the Federal Law "On Military Duty and Military Service" (hereinafter referred to as the Federal Law), in peacetime, the procedure for concluding a contract on military service (hereinafter referred to as a contract) and terminating it actions, as well as other issues that, in accordance with federal laws, relate to the scope of its regulation ( ).
Features of military service during the period of mobilization, with the introduction state of emergency, martial law and war time are determined by federal constitutional laws, federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.
2. The passage of military service includes the appointment to a military position, assignment military rank, certification, dismissal from military service, as well as other circumstances (events), which, in accordance with the Federal Law, other federal laws and this Regulation, determine the service and legal status of servicemen.
3. Military service in the Russian Federation is carried out in accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation, Federal Law, other federal laws, this Regulation, other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation in the field of military service and the status of military personnel, as well as with international treaties of the Russian Federation in this area ...
4. Servicemen who are judges of military courts, employees of the apparatus of military courts, employees of the military prosecutor's office, as well as employees of the military investigative bodies of the Investigative Committee under the Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation, perform military service in accordance with the Federal Law and this Regulation, taking into account the specifics established by federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation governing the activities of military courts, military prosecutors and military investigative bodies of the Investigative Committee under the Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation ( p. 4 as amended. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of October 21, 2008 No. 1510).
5. The specifics of the entry into military service of certain categories of citizens of the Russian Federation and the passage of military service by certain categories of servicemen are established by federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.

Article 2. Passing military service
1. Passage of military service is carried out:
a) soldiers, sailors, sergeants, foremen - by conscription or by contract;
b) warrant officers and warrant officers - under the contract;
By the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 1084 of 20.08.2007, this document is amended, according to which, from January 1, 2010, in subparagraph "c" of paragraph 1 of Article 2, the words "by conscription or" will be excluded.
c) officers - by conscription or by contract.
2. Citizens of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as - citizens) who have not completed military service, studying in military educational institutions vocational education(hereinafter referred to as - military schools), before the conclusion of the contract, they have the status of conscripts.
3. Servicemen doing military service by conscription may be sent (including as part of a subunit, military unit, formation) to perform tasks in armed conflicts (to participate in hostilities) after they have completed military service for at least six months and after training in military registration specialties ( p. 3 as amended. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 15.10.1999 No. 1366).

Article 3. Beginning, duration and end of military service
1. The beginning of military service is considered:
a) for citizens called up for military service who were not in reserve - the day of departure from the military commissariat of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation to the place of military service;
b) - c) have become invalid since January 1, 2008. - Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of August 20, 2007 No. 1084;
d) for citizens who entered military service under a contract - the date of entry into force of the contract;
e) for citizens who entered military educational institutions and did not complete military service or have completed military service earlier - the day of enrollment in these educational institutions.
2. The term of military service is established:
a) for military personnel who do not have the military rank of an officer and were called up for military service before January 1, 2007, with the exception of the military personnel specified in subparagraph "c" of this paragraph - 24 months;
b) for military personnel who do not have the military rank of an officer and are called up for military service from January 1 to December 31, 2007, inclusive, with the exception of the military personnel specified in subparagraph "c" of this paragraph - 18 months;
c) for military personnel who graduated from state, municipal or state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties) non-state educational institutions of higher professional education who do not have the military rank of an officer and were called up for military service before January 1, 2008 - 12 months;
d) for military personnel with the military rank of officer and called up for military service before January 1, 2008 - 24 months;
e) for military personnel called up for military service after January 1, 2008 - 12 months;
f) for military personnel performing military service under a contract - in accordance with a contract for military service.
The term of military service is calculated from the date of commencement of military service ( p. 2 as amended. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 08.03.2007 No. 303).
3. The term of military service expires:
a) for conscripts - in the appropriate number last month the term of conscription military service;
b) for military personnel doing military service under a contract - on the appropriate month and date last year the term of the contract or on the corresponding date of the last month of the term of the contract, if the contract was concluded for a period of up to one year.
In cases where the expiration of the term of military service falls on a month in which there is no corresponding date, the specified period expires on the last day of that month.
4. The day of the end of military service is the day of exclusion of a serviceman from the lists of personnel of a military unit (hereinafter, military units are understood as military command and control bodies, bodies, military units, ships, formations, enterprises, institutions and organizations of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (other troops, ( as amended by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of April 17, 2003 No. 444).
A serviceman must be excluded from the lists of the personnel of a military unit on the day of the expiration of his military service (dismissed ahead of schedule - no later than the end of his military service), except for the cases established by the Federal Law and this Regulation.
The day of exclusion from the lists of the personnel of a military unit is for a soldier the day of completion (the last day) of military service.
5. The term of military service does not include:
a) the time spent by a serviceman in a disciplinary military unit;
b) the time of serving the arrest by the convicted serviceman;
c) the time of serving the disciplinary sanction in the form of arrest;
d) the time of unauthorized abandonment of a military unit or place of military service for more than 10 days, regardless of the reasons for leaving.
6. For a convicted soldier who has mastered a military specialty, who knows and exactly fulfills the requirements of military regulations and perfectly performs service, who is released from a disciplinary military unit after the expiration of his draft term, the time spent in a disciplinary military unit can be counted in the period of his military service in the manner determined Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation.
To a serviceman released from a disciplinary military unit, subject to his impeccable military service, the time spent in a disciplinary military unit can be counted in the term of military service by the commander of the military district or by a commander (chief) equal to him or higher, in the manner determined by the heads of federal executive bodies. authorities in which military service is provided.
7. Total duration The military service of a soldier includes the entire time of his military service, both by conscription and by contract, including in cases of re-enrollment in military service.
The determination of the total duration of military service is made in calendar terms.
In the cases established by federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, the total duration of military service is determined on a preferential basis.
8. For conscripts, one day of participation in hostilities or performance of tasks in armed conflicts, as well as one day of being in medical institutions due to wounds, contusions, injuries or diseases received during participation in these actions or conflicts , is counted for two days of conscript military service.

Legal regulation in the field of conscription and military service in Russia is carried out in accordance with Federal Law of 28.03.1998 N 53-FZ "On conscription and military service" (hereinafter - the Law).

Military service is carried out both by citizens of the Russian Federation - by conscription and on a voluntary basis under a contract, and foreign citizens - by contract in military positions to be replaced by soldiers, sailors, sergeants and foremen in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops and military formations.

The order of military service is determined by the Law, other federal laws, the Regulations on the order of military service (hereinafter referred to as the Regulations) and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.

The term of military service is established by Art. 38 of the Law - separately for conscription and contract service. So, for those who were called up for military service after January 1, 2008, the service life is 12 months. The "contractor" serves as long as the contract is signed with him.

Duration of military service under contract

The first contract for military service is concluded:

with a conscript serviceman or other citizen entering military service for a position for which the state provides for the military rank (hereinafter - the rank) of a soldier, sailor, sergeant, foreman - for three years;
with a foreign citizen entering military service for a position for which the state provides for the rank of soldier, sailor, sergeant, foreman - for five years;
with a conscript military serviceman, or any other citizen entering service for a military position, for which the state provides for the rank of ensign, warrant officer or officer (except for the categories of citizens specified in clause 5) - for five years;
with a soldier studying at a military educational institution according to the program:

higher professional education - during training and five years of military service after graduation;
secondary vocational education - during training and three years of military service after graduation;

with a citizen who has undergone military training at a military training center at a federal state educational institution of higher professional education and enters military service immediately after graduation from the specified institution for a position for which the state provides for the military rank of an officer - for three or five years.

With a soldier doing military service on conscription, the first contract can be concluded for a shorter period. This is possible if the total duration of his military service on conscription and under the first contract is three years or five years. In addition, if a conscript officer wants to enlist in military service under contract during a period of emergency or to participate in the maintenance or reconstruction of international peace, a contract with him can be concluded no earlier than a month before the expiration of the military service and for a period from six months to a year.

A soldier (citizen) who is undergoing military service under a contract and wishes to continue serving can conclude a new contract for three, five or ten years, as well as for an indefinite period in accordance with paragraph 5 of Art. 38 of the Law and paragraph 5 of Art. 9 Provisions. These norms provide for the conclusion of a contract for a different period - for example, until the age limit for military service.

How are the terms of military service calculated?

The term of military service is calculated from the beginning of military service, which, according to paragraph 10 of Art. 38 of the Law is considered:

for citizens who are not in the reserve who are called up for military service - the day of conferring the military rank of private;
for citizens (foreign citizens) who entered military service under a contract - the date of entry into force of the contract;
for citizens who have not completed military service or have completed military service earlier and entered military educational institutions of vocational education - the date of enrollment in these educational institutions.

In accordance with paragraph 3 of Art. 3 Provisions military service expires:

for conscripts - on the corresponding date of the last month of their service;
for military personnel doing military service under a contract - on the corresponding month and date of the last year of the contract term or on the corresponding day of the last month of the contract term, if the contract was concluded for a period of up to one year.

End of military service

The end of military service is the day of exclusion of a soldier from the lists of personnel of a military unit in connection with dismissal from military service, death (death), recognition as missing or being declared dead.

A soldier must be excluded from the lists of the personnel of a military unit on the day of the expiration of his military service. This rule does not apply to cases where a soldier:

is in hospital;
is on maternity or childcare leave (this paragraph applies only to women);
undergoes military service by conscription and, if desired, remains in a military unit until the day of dispatch vehicle, which transports military personnel transferred to the reserve;
participates in cruises of ships;
is in captivity, in the position of a hostage or internee;
missing (until he is recognized as missing or declared dead);
is a suspect or accused of committing a crime and in relation to him, preventive measures have been taken in the form of detention (guardhouse) or observation of the command of a military unit.

Time that does not count towards military service

The period of military service does not include the time when a soldier:

stays in a disciplinary military unit;
convicted and serving arrest;
is serving a disciplinary penalty in the form of arrest;
left without permission military unit or a place of military service for more than 10 days (regardless of the reasons).

The time spent in a disciplinary military unit can be counted in the term of military service, provided that the serviceman serves impeccably. Such a decision in relation to a soldier released from a disciplinary military unit may be made by the commander of the military district or a commander (chief) who is equal to him or higher. At the same time, the order determined by the heads of the federal executive bodies, in which military service is provided, must be observed.

The total duration of military service includes the entire time of service both by conscription and by contract, including in cases of re-enrollment in military service. It is determined in calendar terms.

In cases established by federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, the total duration of military service is determined on a preferential basis. for instance, one month of service counts as three.

For conscripts, one day of participation in hostilities or performing tasks in armed conflicts, as well as one day of being in medical institutions due to wounds, contusions, injuries or diseases received during participation in these actions or conflicts, is counted for two days of conscript military service.

Abbreviations "other troops" and " military formations"are given in the article in accordance with paragraph 1 of article 2 of the Law.

The regulation "On the procedure for passing military service" was approved by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 16.09.1999 N 1237 "Issues of passing military service".

The age limit for military service is established by Art. 49 of the Law. Age limits vary according to military rank. There is a separate age limit for women.

The beginning of military service is considered:

For citizens who are not in the reserve, called up for military service - the day of departure from the military commissariat of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation to the place of military service;

For citizens (foreign citizens) who entered military service under a contract - the date of entry into force of the contract on military service;

For citizens who have not completed military service or have completed military service earlier and entered military educational institutions of vocational education - the date of enrollment in these educational institutions.

A soldier who is a citizen who first entered military service, or a citizen who did not do military service and was first called up for military training, is sworn in to the State Flag of the Russian Federation and the Combat Banner of a military unit.

Foreigners, as mentioned above, make a commitment.

The Military Oath (commitment) is carried out:

Upon arrival of a soldier at the first place of military service after completing basic military training, the duration of which should not exceed two months;

Upon the arrival of a citizen at the first place of military training.

Before taking the Military Oath (commitment):

A soldier cannot be involved in the performance of combat missions (participation in hostilities, combat duty, combat service, guard duty) and tasks when a state of emergency is introduced and in conditions of armed conflicts;

Weapons and military equipment cannot be assigned to a serviceman;

A soldier cannot be subject to a disciplinary penalty in the form of arrest.

For military personnel doing military service under a contract, the duration of military service is established in accordance with the military service contract.

The term of military service is calculated from the date of commencement of military service.

The term of military service expires:

a) for conscripts - on the corresponding date of the last month of the conscription period;

b) for military personnel doing military service under a contract - on the corresponding month and date of the last year of the contract term, or on the corresponding day of the last month of the contract term, if the contract was concluded for a period of up to one year.

In cases where the expiration of the term of military service falls on a month in which there is no corresponding date, the specified period expires on the last day of that month.

The day of the end of military service is the day of exclusion of a serviceman from the lists of personnel of a military unit in connection with dismissal from military service, death (death), recognition as missing or being declared dead.

A soldier must be excluded from the lists of personnel of a military unit on the day of the expiration of his military service (dismissed early - no later than the end of his military service), except for the cases established by the Federal Law "On Military Duty and Military Service" and the Regulations on the procedure for military service.

The day of exclusion from the lists of the personnel of a military unit is for a soldier the day of completion (the last day) of military service.

The term of military service does not include:

a) the time spent by a serviceman in a disciplinary military unit;

b) the time of serving the disciplinary arrest by the convicted serviceman;

c) the time of unauthorized abandonment of a military unit or place of military service for more than 10 days, regardless of the reasons for leaving.

For a convicted soldier who has mastered a military specialty, who knows and exactly fulfills the requirements of military regulations and perfectly performs service, who is released from a disciplinary military unit after the expiration of his draft term, the time spent in a disciplinary military unit can be counted in his military service in the manner determined by the Minister of Defense RF.

To a serviceman released from a disciplinary military unit, subject to his impeccable military service, the time spent in a disciplinary military unit can be counted in the term of military service by the commander of the military district or by a commander (chief) equal to him or higher, in the manner determined by the heads of federal executive bodies. authorities in which military service is provided.

The total duration of military service of a soldier includes the entire time of his military service, both by conscription and by contract, including in cases of re-enrollment in military service.

The determination of the total duration of military service is made in calendar terms.

In cases established by federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, the total duration of military service is determined on a preferential basis.

For conscripts, one day of participation in hostilities or performance of tasks in conditions of armed conflicts, as well as one day of being in medical institutions due to wounds, contusions, injuries or diseases received during participation in these actions or conflicts, is counted for two days of conscript military service.

Service life in 2019

Among the conscripts, rumors are constantly brewing that the term of service in the army will be increased to two years. Such a change fundamentally changes everything, because a very small part of employees want to spend an extra year fulfilling their military duty. Similar ones are still at the level of rumors and in fact do not have any real facts under them.

The fact is that earlier in Russian army served for two years. Of these, six months were spent on the development of theoretical knowledge. The remaining 18 months, the employee was obliged to spend in a military unit, mastering the practical side of this craft. Later, the government came to the conclusion that the term should be shortened.

Among young men at that time, a fairly large percentage tried in various ways to "skip" from the call, and many succeeded. Those who were forced to go served very reluctantly. Thus, the efficiency of the army was low. But with the shortening of the term, everything changed. Young people have become more willing to come to the military registration and enlistment offices for military service.

At the same time, many types of official deferrals from the army have become irrelevant, so that there are much fewer ways to "derail". Thanks to this, the army is steadily replenished with young men for each draft campaign. At the same time, the demand for military departments of universities has fallen - they also provide a respite, and earlier this method was very popular among recruits.

In the State Duma, individuals several times raised the issue of returning the service life to 2 years, or at least increasing it to 18 months. However, these initiatives were not supported. The President was also asked about changing the term of service, to which he replied categorically that an increase in the period of service should not be expected.

If the President in the country does not change, then there will be no reason to worry about an increase in the term of office. Therefore, with a high probability, in 2019, young men will also serve 12 months.

Transition to contract service

In 2012, Dmitry Medvedev proposed an initiative for the gradual introduction of contract service in Russia. The strategy is designed in such a way that contractors must gradually oust most conscripts. This is a fairly reasonable solution, which has already been implemented by a lot of states.

The advantages of this approach are obvious. First of all, only people who are really interested in this will get into the army. Such youths will give themselves completely both in exercises and on the battlefield. It will be their own decision to become a soldier and they will understand the full responsibility of this profession.

At the same time, the military power of the state will increase immeasurably. Such soldiers will be much better trained. At the same time, they will have the most important thing - enthusiasm, a desire to serve and a willingness to devote themselves completely to this business.

By replacing unmotivated conscripts, who sometimes have to be forcibly dragged to the military registration and enlistment office, for contract soldiers who are eager to defend their country, the state will receive a very effective army.

The transition strategy to contract service is divided into 3 stages:

mass propaganda of the advantages of contract service and setting the ratio of contract / conscripts in the army in the proportion of 70/30 or 80/20, respectively;
gradual change in the ratio of contractors / conscripts to a proportion of 85/15, improvement of conditions of service;
an increase in the salaries of contractors, a transition to the ratio of contractors / conscripts to a ratio of 90/10.

It is worth noting that this strategy is in progress. Its final result cannot be assessed in the coming years. The army, where 90% of the employees work under contract, will have to wait a little longer.

Military Department and Alternative Service in Russia

Do not forget about the completely legal ways of exemption from compulsory military service. They are not available to everyone and are not entirely simple, but they still exist:

work instead of serving in a special enterprise that has military status;
passing the military department at the university.

Very few can apply for the first option. Employees of military enterprises can be either indigenous representatives of ethnic groups, the number of representatives of which is limited. Also, conscripts who are not allowed to pass conscript service by religion can apply for this option. At the same time, the conscript must work at the enterprise for 21 months.

Thus, there is every reason to believe that in 2019 it will remain unchanged - conscripts will have to perform their duties for 12 months. Changing this period is extremely unlikely, so do not worry in vain.

Video news

In accordance with our legislation service life in the Russian army, since 2008 is 12 months, or 1 year!

2019 conscripts service life 1 year

Military (including the period for its passage for all categories) is strictly regulated by the regulatory legal acts of the state, and the main of them, of course, is the Constitution of the Russian Federation.

And for many years after the decrease service life up to 1 year there have been no major changes with regard to the period of conscription military service (increase in service life or, conversely, decrease) and, it seems, is not expected.

Accordingly, in the 2019-2020 draft, conscripts will serve no more than 1 calendar year. And right now you can find out how much and what service life has already passed.

Service life in the army and navy will not change

About the term of service in the army 1.8 years

But nevertheless, our website for conscripts and soldiers constantly receives the same questions from conscripts (future soldiers), conscripts, as well as their relatives and friends. The essence of all these appeals boils down to the fact that, allegedly, service life this year will increase to 1.8 years(1 year and 8 months).

What would I like to say about this. Until changes are made to the current legislation, no talk of extending the service life is justified. In other words, in the next year / two military service life will not change and will remain as it is now for 1 year.

Reduction of service life in the army by 45 days

Or the opposite questions come about a reduction in service life by 45 days. It is completely incomprehensible where it comes from this information, but nevertheless, every year from the call to the call, we strongly recommend not to take these rumors seriously. Since this information has never been confirmed. Obtain information only from reliable sources!

The term of service in the army will not be increased or reduced!

President on military service in 2019

These conversations about increasing or decreasing term of service in the army during or arise primarily in connection with the legal illiteracy of our population. Also, these rumors are published, and in some cases and intentionally spread by a number of media outlets.

But for all these unsubstantiated conversations, our Supreme Commander-in-Chief- President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin - made an official statement that to increase and even more to decrease service life in 2019 not planned.

After such a statement by the first person of our state, we have nothing more to add. I hope you have found the answer to your question and now you know for sure what is the service life in the Russian army.