It has long ended, the world has not become safer. The dangers of this century come not only from terrorist groups, relations between the leading world powers also leave much to be desired. Russia is blackmailing the United States with "radioactive ashes", while the Americans are surrounding Russia with a missile defense system, laying new strategic submarines and testing anti-missiles. Increasingly, high-ranking officials and multi-star generals of both countries are declaring the creation of new types of strategic weapons and the modernization of old ones. One of the directions of the new arms race was the development of hypersonic aircraft that can be used as effective remedy delivery of nuclear weapons.
Recently, information has appeared about the testing in Russia of a new hypersonic unmanned aerial vehicle Yu-71 with unique characteristics. The news was noticed in the foreign press, it is extremely scarce, and we learned practically nothing about the promising complex. In Russian sources, information is even more stingy and contradictory, and in order to in general terms to understand what the new Yu-71 weapon could be, you need to remember why the military used hypersound in general.
History of hypersonic vehicles
Hypersound is far from a new direction in the development of means of attack. The creation of aircraft with a speed several times greater than the speed of sound (more than Mach 5) began in Nazi Germany, at the very beginning of the rocket era. This work received a powerful impetus after the onset of the nuclear age and went in several directions.
AT different countries sought to create devices capable of developing hypersonic speed, there were attempts to create hypersonic cruise missiles, as well as suborbital aircraft. Most of such projects ended in vain.
In the 60s of the last century, the development of the North American X-15 hypersonic aircraft project, which could perform suborbital flights, began in the United States. Thirteen of his flights were considered suborbital, their height exceeded 80 kilometers.
In the Soviet Union there was a similar project called "Spiral", which, however, was never implemented. by design Soviet designers, a jet booster was supposed to reach hypersonic speed (6 M), and then a suborbital vehicle equipped with rocket engines took off from its back. This device was planned to be used mainly for military purposes.
Work in this direction is being carried out today by private companies that plan to use such devices for suborbital tourism. However, these developments are already at the current level of technological development and, most likely, will end successfully. Today, to ensure the high speed of such vehicles, ramjet engines are often used, which will make the use of such aircraft or drones relatively cheap.
The creation of cruise missiles with hypersonic speed. In the United States, the government program Global Prompt Strike (quick or lightning-fast global strike) is being developed, which is aimed at gaining the ability to deliver a powerful non-nuclear strike on any part of the planet within one hour. As part of this program, new hypersonic vehicles are being developed that can both carry a nuclear charge and do without it. As part of the Global Prompt Strike, several projects of cruise missiles with hypersonic speed are being promoted, but the Americans cannot yet boast of serious achievements in this direction.
Similar projects are being developed in Russia. The fastest cruise missile in service is the Brahmos anti-ship missile, developed jointly with India.
If we talk about spacecraft that develop hypersonic speed, then we should recall spaceships reusable, which develop during the descent a speed many times greater than the speed of sound. Such ships include American shuttles and the Soviet Buran, but their time has most likely already passed.
If we are talking about unmanned hypersonic aerial vehicles, then it should be noted hypersonic warheads, which are the warhead of ballistic missile systems. In fact, these are warheads capable of maneuvering at hypersonic speeds. They are also often referred to as gliders for their ability to glide. Today it is known about three countries in which they are working on such projects - these are Russia, the USA and China. It is believed that China is the leader in this direction.
The American AHW (Advanced Hypersonic Weapon) hypersonic warhead passed two tests: the first successfully (2011), and during the second, the rocket exploded. According to some sources, the AHW glider can reach speeds of up to Mach 8. The development of this device is carried out as part of the Global Prompt Strike program.
In 2014, China conducted the first successful tests of the new WU-14 hypersonic glider. There is evidence that this warhead can reach speeds of about Mach 10. It can be installed on various types of Chinese ballistic missiles, in addition, there is information that Beijing is actively working on creating its own hypersonic ramjet engine, which can be used to create vehicles launched from aircraft.
The Yu-71 (project 4202), which was tested at the beginning of this year, should become the Russian response to the developments of strategic competitors.
Yu-71: what is known today
In mid-2019, an article in the American edition of The Washington Free Beacon caused a great resonance. According to journalists, in February 2019, a new Yu-71 military hypersonic aircraft was tested in Russia. The material reported that the Russian apparatus can reach speeds of up to 11 thousand km / h, as well as maneuver on the trajectory of the descent. Such characteristics make it practically invulnerable to any modern missile defense systems.
Yu-71 is also called a glider. It was launched in near-Earth orbit, and the intercontinental ballistic missile SS-19 Stiletto (UR-100 N) delivered it there. It was launched from the deployment area of the Dombarovsk formation of the Strategic Missile Forces. According to the same publication, this military unit will be armed with similar warheads-gliders until 2025.
Experts believe that Yu-71 is part of a top-secret Russian project 4202, associated with the development of a new strategic weapon, which started in 2009. There is very little information about the new warhead (which is quite understandable), only the speed and ability to maneuver at the final stage of the trajectory are called. However, even with such characteristics of the Yu-71, any means are no longer terrible. missile defense our days.
Back in 2004, the Russian General Staff stated that they had tested aircraft, capable of developing hypersonic speed, while performing maneuvers both in height and in course. This time coincides with the launch of the UR-100N UTTKh ICBM from the Baikonur test site against a target at the Kura test site.
In 2011, information appeared about the test launch of a ballistic missile with special equipment capable of overcoming modern and advanced missile defense systems. Probably, one of the promising Russian ballistic missiles, most often called new rocket"Sarmat" (ICBM RS-28).
The fact is that such warheads have a relatively large mass, so it is better to install them on powerful carriers capable of carrying several Yu-71s at once.
According to scant information from Russian sources, NPO Mashinostroeniya in the town of Reutov, near Moscow, is developing project 4202. In addition, the press reported on the technical re-equipment of the Strela Production Association (Orenburg), undertaken in order to participate in the 4202 project.
The warheads of modern ballistic missiles on the descent trajectory develop hypersonic speed and are capable of performing rather complex maneuvers. Experts believe that the main difference between the Yu-71 is an even more difficult flight, comparable to the flight of an aircraft.
In any case, the adoption of such blocks into service will significantly increase the effectiveness of the Russian Strategic Missile Forces.
There is information about the active development of hypersonic cruise missiles, which can become a new weapon for Russian combat aircraft, in particular the promising strategic bomber PAK DA. Such missiles represent a very difficult target for interceptor missiles of missile defense systems.
Projects like this can make the missile defense system as a whole useless. The fact is that objects flying at high speed are extremely difficult to intercept. To do this, interceptor missiles must have high speed and the ability to maneuver with huge overloads, and such missiles do not yet exist. It is very difficult to calculate the trajectories of maneuvering warheads.
Video about the Yu-71 hypersonic glider
If you have any questions - leave them in the comments below the article. We or our visitors will be happy to answer them.
In response to the tightening of American rhetoric against Russia and the threat that the United States, according to the head of the Pentagon, has some hitherto unknown weapon capable of crushing all the enemies of Washington (we are talking about the Russian Federation and the PRC), at least one at a time, at least all at once, I want to to recall our promising developments, which are already capable of making potential opponents shed cold sweat. There is no defense against this Russian prodigy. Neither existing nor prospective missile defense and air defense systems are capable of not only destroying this miracle of domestic engineering, but even detecting it. We are talking about a top-secret glider, referred to in the press as "U-71". Little is known about it, but what is there is quite enough to draw conclusions about the prospects for its application. Thus, the Yu-71, using a gliding type of flight and possessing super-maneuverability, has the ability to fly at speeds of over 11,000 km / h, in addition, when maneuvering, it is able to go into near space. At such speeds, the entire American missile defense system becomes just a pile of scrap metal. They will not be able to detect, and even if they could, the anti-missile still would not catch up and would not intercept such an aerodynamic object. In addition, the Yu-71 may not carry death on its wings. It is possible to install an electronic warfare system on a Russian glider, for which our military-industrial complex is famous, and then, having flown over the territory of the United States in a few minutes and incapacitating all electronic detection stations, it will be possible to safely send larger "birds" after them, for example, "white swan". Experts say that, for example, such a glider will fly from the Orenburg region (where the Yu-71 will supposedly be based) to Washington in 45-50 minutes, to New York - in 40, to London - in 20. Yes, something to think about for those who hastened to call Russia their main threat ... (http://cont.ws/post/145284) PS. After reading this news, I will immediately say that I did not believe it. So I tried to find something on this car. And I found something, but it did not add clarity. The first publications on this topic appeared in the spring of this year. They reported that the Yu-71 (Yu-71) had been in development for several years. The last tests of the aircraft took place in February 2015. The launch took place from the Dombarovsky test site near Orenburg. Previously, it was purely presumptively reported on other Western sources, but now this launch has been confirmed by new analysts. The publication refers to a report released in June by the well-known Western military think tank Jane's Information Group. I must say right away that on Janes, I personally could not find anything on this device. But I found more articles in the Western press, but they just refer to Janes. Can they be trusted? Don't know. Time will tell. By the way, in this machine is called Project 4202. And it is claimed that it has a nuclear power plant.Work in this area was carried out by the USSR, from the 60s (you can learn more about them at this link ), so there is nothing fantastic in this. The only thing that can be said for sure is that there has been talk of hypersonic passenger and military aircraft since the mid-80s. Therefore, sooner or later such an apparatus must appear. What confuses me, but what confuses me is that if the Yu-71 is a real car, then it appeared somehow without intermediate models of equipment. In my opinion, progress in this area should have gone something like this: First, vehicles with a cruising speed of 5-7,000 km / h should have appeared. They should have gone into series. They would work out technologies and the like and gradually approach speeds of the order of 11,000 km / h. And then immediately, bang-bang and 11,000. However, I would not immediately dismiss this project as a fantasy. It is clear that work in this area should be kept as secret as possible. And all our reasoning about speeds and other performance characteristics is pure speculation. It is quite possible that the real Yu-71 develops somewhere around 5,000 km / h. Well appearance such devices can also be anything. Naturally, there are no photos on the network, and the drawings presented in this article are what they call - fantasies on the topic ...
I don't even know how to take this news. Either fantasy or true. However, in essence:
Moscow is developing a hypersonic strategic strike aircraft similar to that of China, according to Western media, citing military analysts.
The Yu-71 (Yu-71) has been in development for several years. The last tests of the aircraft took place in February 2015. The launch took place from the Dombarovsky test site near Orenburg. Previously, it was purely presumptively reported on other Western sources, but now this launch has been confirmed by new analysts. The publication refers to a report released in June by the well-known Western military think tank Jane's Information Group.
"The aircraft is part of a secret Russian project with the creation of a certain object 4202"
As noted in the document, this will give Russia the ability to deliver precision strikes against selected targets, and in combination with the capabilities of its missile defense system, Moscow will be able to successfully hit a target with only one missile.The report assumes that up to 24 of these hypersonic aircraft (warheads) can be deployed in the Strategic Missile Forces located in the Dombarovsky regiment in the period from 2020 to 2025. It also follows from the document that by this time Russia will create a new heavy intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) capable of carrying Yu-71.
Previously, this designation - Yu-71 - did not appear in open sources.
Launch of the Stiletto ICBM / Photo: TASS, Sergey Kazak
Russia has successfully conducted the second test of a hypersonic aircraft (HLA) this year designed to equip existing and future intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), a source familiar with the situation told Interfax-AVN on Friday.
"The purpose of the launch is another test of a hypersonic warhead designed to equip the promising Sarmat ICBM"
"The launch was carried out on October 25 in the Orenburg region from the position area of the Dombarovsk formation of the Rocket Forces strategic purpose(RVSN). The purpose of the launch is another test of a hypersonic warhead designed to equip the promising Sarmat ICBM, the source said.
According to him, "the tests were successful."
"Previous successful tests took place in April current year. Thus, this is the second fully successful launch of the hypersonic unit, which was called "object 4202" in the press," the source said.
He clarified that a promising hypersonic aircraft (HLA) is capable of flying at a speed of six Machs. One Mach corresponds to the speed of sound - approximately 300 meters per second or 1,224 km / h. () The GLA was tested by launch (according to Western classification - "Stiletto"), the source explained.
Earlier it was reported that experimental design work (R&D) under the code "4202" is underway in Russia to develop and create a GLA designed to guarantee the overcoming of existing and future missile defense systems. This R&D is being conducted by the Mechanical Engineering NPO from Reutov, near Moscow.
An expert in the field of rocket technology previously told Interfax-AVN that "if Russia gets an aircraft that has already become known as the 'object 4202', capable of performing maneuvers in pitch (vertical plane) and yaw (horizontal plane) at hypersonic speed) , our country will have the opportunity to solve the problem of guaranteed overcoming of any promising missile defense system.
According to him, a promising Russian hypersonic aircraft "will make it possible to level the combat potential of the US global missile defense and, in fact, make it meaningless."
Technical reference
Russia will be able to limit the effectiveness of the US missile defense system with the help of the Yu-71 hypersonic aircraft, which is currently being tested, writes the American edition of the Washington Times. The new weapon will be able to carry a nuclear charge at a speed of 10 times the speed of sound.
Estimated view of Yu-71 / Image: nampuom-pycu.livejournal.com
In the strictest secrecy, Russia is testing a new Yu-71 hypersonic maneuvering aircraft that will be capable of carrying nuclear warheads at a speed of 10 times the speed of sound, reports the Washington Times. The Kremlin is developing similar devices to overcome US missile defenses, InoTV notes, citing the newspaper. The Yu-71 (Yu-71) has been in development for several years. The last tests of the aircraft took place in February 2015. The launch took place from the Dombarovsky training ground near Orenburg. Previously, it was purely presumptively reported on other Western sources, but now this launch has been confirmed by new analysts. The publication refers to a report released in June by the well-known Western military think tank Jane's.
Previously, this designation - Yu-71 - did not appear in open sources.
Yu-71 - hypersonic aircraft / Photo: azfilm.ru
According to The Washington Free Beacon, the aircraft is part of a secret Russian project with the creation of a certain object 4202. Analysts say that the February launch was carried out using a UR-100N UTTKh rocket, in which object 4202 served as the warhead, and ended unsuccessfully.
It is possible that this index refers to the developed modifications of hypersonic maneuvering nuclear warheads, which have been equipped with Russian ICBMs for several years now. These blocks, after separation from the launch vehicle, are capable of changing the flight path in altitude and course, and as a result, successfully bypass both existing and future missile defense systems.
This will give Russia the ability to deliver precision strikes against selected targets, and combined with the capabilities of its missile defense system, Moscow will be able to successfully hit a target with only one missile.
24 hypersonic aircraft with nuclear warheads will be deployed at the Dombarovsky training ground from 2020 to 2025, the military-analytical center Jane's Information Group is sure. By that time, Moscow will already have a new intercontinental ballistic missile capable of carrying the Yu-71, the newspaper writes.
The speed of hypersonic aircraft reaches 11,200 km / h, and unpredictable maneuverability makes the task of finding them almost impossible, the Washington Times emphasizes.
30-06-2015, 16:01
By 2025, Russia will have a serious nuclear trump card in negotiations with the United States
Russia is testing a new Yu-71 (Yu-71) hypersonic glide vehicle capable of carrying nuclear warheads. This was reported on June 28 by the Washington Free Beacon, citing a publication by the well-known British military think tank Janes Information Group.
According to WFB, Russia has been developing the device for several years, but its first tests were carried out in February this year. The device is allegedly part of the Russian secret project "4202" associated with missile program. According to the authors of the publication, this will give Russia the opportunity to hit the target with only one missile. According to the Washington Times, Russia intends to use the hypersonic military project as an instrument of pressure during negotiations with the United States on arms control.
Hypersonic devices like the one created by Russia are extremely difficult to track down and shoot down, as they move along an uncalculated trajectory, and their speed reaches 11,200 km / h, experts from the British center say. According to them, up to 24 of these hypersonic aircraft (warheads) can be deployed in the Dombarovsky regiment of the Strategic Missile Forces in the period from 2020 to 2025. Previously, this designation - Yu-71 - did not appear in open sources.
It is worth noting that even retired generals of the Strategic Missile Forces prefer to refrain from commenting on the 4202 object, referring to the closed nature of the topic and possible consequences discussion of this topic in the "SP".
Plans for the adoption of objects "4202" were not really announced. But it is known from open sources that the development of devices is carried out by NPO Mashinostroeniya (Reutov), and it was started before 2009. The formal customer of R&D "4202" is the Federal Space Agency of Russia, which, according to some experts, can serve as a kind of "cover". AT New Year's greetings"NPO Mashinostroeniya" from 2012, the object "4202" was named one of the most important for the corporation for the next few years. Most likely, the first test of the device from object "4202" was carried out not in February 2015, according to British experts, but as part of the "Safety-2004" exercises at the Baikonur training ground, because at a press conference, the then First Deputy Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces Russian Yuri Baluyevsky said that during the training, "a spacecraft was tested that is capable of flying at hypersonic speed, while performing maneuvers, both in course and in height."
Corresponding member Russian Academy of Missile and Artillery Sciences (RARAN), Doctor of Military Sciences Konstantin Sivkov says that the current warheads of intercontinental ballistic missiles develop hypersound in the passive section. However, the difference between a promising hypersonic warhead, most likely, lies in the fact that it acts not just like a ballistic warhead, but follows a rather complex trajectory, that is, it maneuvers like an aircraft with a huge flight speed.
It is possible that experts on the topic "4202" use Soviet technologies, which were developed by one of the leading developers of Soviet aerospace technology, Gleb Lozino-Lozinsky. Let me remind you that he was the head of the Spiral aerospace fighter-bomber project, the lead developer of the Buran MTKK, oversaw the project of the MAKS reusable aerospace system and a number of other programs where work was carried out, including on hypersonic.
It must be understood that hypersonic warheads are quite heavy - 1.5-2 tons. Therefore, probably, it can become a warhead of a light Topol-M ICBM (after all, the last tests were carried out on the UR-100N UTTKh), however, the RS-28 Sarmat ICBM, which should be put into service by the end of the decade, will be able to throw several such warheads at once, which will follow complex trajectories, which will make them practically invulnerable to enemy missile defense systems. For example, even in the interception of old ballistic missiles, the warheads of which do not maneuver, the American ground-based exatmospheric GBI interceptors give a very low probability of defeat - 15-20%.
If our Strategic Missile Forces really adopt missiles with hypersonic warheads by 2025, then this will be a rather serious application. It is logical that in the West, ICBMs with hypersonic warheads are called Moscow's new possible trump card in negotiations with Washington. As practice shows, the only way to bring the United States to the negotiating table is to put in place systems that will make Americans really scared.
In addition, Russia is also developing hypersonic cruise missiles that can fly at low altitudes. Accordingly, their defeat by advanced missile defense systems is problematic, because these are, in fact, aerodynamic targets. In addition, modern missile defense systems have limits on the speed of hitting targets within 1000 meters per second: as a rule, the speed of an interceptor is 700-800 meters per second. The problem is that when firing at a high-speed target, an interceptor missile must be able to maneuver with overloads measured in tens and even hundreds of g. Such anti-missiles do not yet exist.
The editor-in-chief of the Arsenal of the Fatherland magazine, a member of the Expert Council under the chairman of the Military-Industrial Commission under the Government of the Russian Federation, Viktor Murakhovsky, notes that it is no secret that the combat equipment and payload of our ICBMs are constantly being improved.
And when President Vladimir Putin, speaking at the Army-2015 forum on June 16, said that more than 40 new intercontinental missiles, then all the media paid attention to this figure, but somehow missed the continuation of the phrase - "which will be able to overcome any, even the most technically advanced missile defense systems."
In the program to improve combat equipment, work is underway, including the creation of hypersonic maneuvering warheads precisely on the maneuver trajectory - after the separation of the payload, which will really allow ignoring any conceivable promising missile defense system. Yes, the intercontinental ballistic missiles and now they have blocks that are bred at a speed of 5-7 kilometers per second. But it is a completely different matter to carry out a maneuver, moreover, a controlled one, at such speeds. It is possible that these warheads can be installed on the new Sarmat heavy missile, which will replace the legendary Soviet R-36M2 Voyevoda in the army. I think that in the future, similar warheads will be installed on the missiles already entering service with the Strategic Missile Forces.
"SP": - According to information from open sources, on February 26, the launch of "object 4202" was carried out by the UR-100N UTTKh missile system, the mass production of which continued until 1985. This missile is a modification of the "Stiletto" (UR-100N, according to NATO classification - SS-19 mod.1 Stiletto) ...
The service life of this missile system seems to have been extended until 2031, and it is used only for testing. Naturally, before each launch, this missile is examined, but it has always demonstrated reliability. So, we have a payload into orbit by Dnepr launch vehicles - launch vehicles, to put it mildly, are not young, but also reliable, during the operation of which, as far as I remember, major accidents did not happen.
"SP": - The media has repeatedly reported that the Chinese, in addition to the WU-14, are developing a hypersonic cruise missile.
Hypersonic missiles are, of course, a completely different direction. To be honest, I don’t really believe in the appearance of such weapons, even in the long term, because I can’t imagine how to disperse cruise missile to hypersound in dense layers of the atmosphere. Of course, you can build something gigantic, but in relation to the payload, this will be absolutely not a rational expenditure of funds.
"SP": - In the United States, hypersonic projects as part of the implementation of the concept of "Fast Global Strike" are being developed by various departments: the X-43A aircraft - NASA, the X-51A rocket - the Air Force, the AHW apparatus - the Ground Forces, the ArcLight missile - DARPA and the Navy, the glider Falcon HTV-2 - DARPA and Air Force. Moreover, the timing of their appearance is called different: missiles - by 2018-2020, reconnaissance aircraft - by 2030.
All this promising developments No wonder there are so many of them. For example, the AHW project, according to various sources, is also a combined weapon consisting of a three-stage launch vehicle and a directly hypersonic warhead. But it is difficult to say how much the Americans have advanced in the development of this project (the tests were recognized as either successful or unsuccessful - "SP"). As you know, the Americans did not particularly bother about equipping their missiles with anti-missile defense systems, meaning, for example, creating a “cloud” of decoys around a real warhead.
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