How to effectively extinguish fires in army arsenals
Not far from the city of Chapaevsk in the Samara region on the evening of June 18, several powerful explosions thundered at a training ground owned by the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation, then a fire broke out. The radius of the projectiles, according to experts, amounted to 500 m. Residents of nearby settlements - about 6 thousand people - were urgently evacuated. As a result of the incident, one person died, more than 200 sought medical help.
One of the most difficult, still effectively unsolved tasks is the rather fast, timely extinguishing of fires in ammunition depots, which can prevent explosions of ammunition starting from 10 minutes from the start of a fire.
In fact, firefighters only observe the complete burnout of ammunition stacks and, at the same time, they only try to localize the fire, i.e. prevent it from spreading to neighboring stacks. But when ammunition begins to explode in a burning pile, even this passive “extinguishing” immediately stops, and firefighters quickly evacuate several kilometers from the explosions. This is still ideal when at least attempts are made to put out the fire. As a rule, firefighters do not know when a fire started, they only fix it from a certain stage of its development. Experimental polygon, field studies conducted in the 80s in the USSR made it possible to establish that explosions of ammunition begin 8-12 minutes after the start of combustion. Since firefighters do not know exactly when the ammunition in a burning pile will start to explode, in most cases they do not risk approaching it and have every reason to do so, since they do not have the equipment capable of ensuring safe and effective extinguishing of a burning ammunition pile.
As the analysis of the development of the fire of ammunition stacks shows, modern measures to prevent them are ineffective. Deep embankments around the storage facilities, lightning rod systems, round-the-clock video surveillance do not save from the spread of forest and steppe fires on the territory of the base, especially in strong winds, and also cannot save from a qualified terrorist attack. At the same time, the unbundling of ammunition does not help - storing warheads separately from fuses - since explosive charges in warheads or gunpowder in cartridge cases explode from heating, and not from the operation of fuses or igniter primers.
Similar to these fires are fires at woodworking facilities, the fight against which is also a very intractable task and, as a rule, firefighters do not extinguish burning stacks of timber, lumber, but prevent neighboring stacks from igniting. As practice shows, modern mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic installations for the supply of fire extinguishing compositions do not provide prompt extinguishing of fires even at the initial stage of their development, due to the long time required to transport and deploy fire equipment, as well as to achieve an effective extinguishing mode from the moment the equipment starts operating. and coordinating the joint work of several fire engines. Existing fire extinguishing equipment cannot effectively deal with advanced fires either, due to the small values of the parameters of fire extinguishing jets: power, speed, range, front area, penetrating ability. It is practically impossible to localize and extinguish the fire of even a single wooden stack using traditional fire extinguishing methods and technical means. The short range of extinguishing leads to the need for long-term work in the zone of the damaging effects of the explosion and fire flame.
The most promising for solving this problem are multi-barrel installations for pulsed supply of fire extinguishing compositions based on the chassis of T-54, T-55, T-62 tanks, two-axle trailers, carriages, jeeps and trucks. These installations provide a fast, powerful, multiple fire extinguishing effect, flexibly adjustable in terms of its parameters: front area, intensity of the fire extinguishing agent supply.
There is an important reason why, in addition to fire tanks, wheeled impulse fire engines should be used in arsenals, which start and arrive at the fire site much faster than tanks. A caterpillar armored fire truck may not have time to prevent an explosion of ammunition in a pile, but it can work effectively in the zone of damaging effects of explosions.
The first skid-mounted multi-barrel fire system was tested in 1982, and since then, more and more intensive and extensive work has continued to improve multi-barrel systems. The optimal caliber and length of the barrel have been established, the layout of the multi-barrel system has been developed, elements of separate-sleeve charging have been created: a knock-out charge and a sealed cylindrical container-sleeve that provides quick loading into the barrel and long-term guaranteed up to 10–15 years storage of any fire-extinguishing composition of powder, gel, liquid , With different characteristics: dispersion, specific gravity, density, viscosity, wettability, chemical activity. This makes it possible to concentrate sufficient stocks of fire-extinguishing ammunition in many places, as well as to mount loaded multi-barreled modules in dangerous areas, and easily and simply ensure their long-term standby mode. Always and immediately provide a combined fire extinguishing effect with the help of several successive volleys of various spray fire extinguishing compositions at adjustable intervals.
Impulse multibarrel installations of other designs, for example, pneumatic or 120 mm powder, do not provide a quick and effective fire extinguishing process.
In 1988, tests were carried out in Balakleya on the basis of the ammunition arsenal. At the first stage, May-June, 5 model stacks of containers - boxes with ammunition measuring 12x6x3.5 m (12 m along the front, 6 m in depth and 3.5 m in height) were extinguished using traditional fire equipment based on the GPM- 54, wheeled fire engines (APC-40), AGVT turbojet. This traditional technique failed to put out 4 burning stacks after 8 minutes. free burning. The stacks were completely burned out in 20-25 minutes, several shells with powder charges contained in them exploded 10-12 minutes from the start of the stack fire and were extinguished only when the boxes collapsed and turned into a pile of burning debris.
At the second stage of testing in August 1988, using the example of extinguishing three stacks with dimensions of 15x6.5x3.5 m, two large-caliber (200 mm barrel caliber) impulse installations were tested, mounted on the chassis of two-axle anti-aircraft gun carriages: 25-barrel recoil and 30-barrel recoilless pulse spraying system. The stack free burning time was 8 min. A 25-barrel recoil impulse installation made 3 volleys of 8 and 9 barrels in 15 seconds from a distance of 25 m along the stack. Flames and smoke were knocked down completely from the outer surface of the stack. As a result, effective extinguishing occurred - the flame was knocked down and a dense fire-extinguishing medium was created that prevents re-ignition.
Then the same pile was re-ignited with a free burning time of 12 minutes. Simultaneous volleys from impulse installations located at right angles from the front of the 25-barrel recoil and from the end of the stack of 30-barrel installations made it possible to bring down the fire and completely extinguish the stack with the ejection of a mass of mist water - a gas-water squall. When extinguishing with a powder whirlwind from 2 sides, it took the work of a firefighter with a manual barrel for 2.5 minutes.
At the second stage of testing, the second pile was ignited and from a distance of 25 m after 10 minutes of free burning from a distance of 35 m (from a 25-barrel installation), this pile was extinguished in 1 minute (54 seconds) with three volleys of 8 barrels that created successive flurries of atomized water. Then the pile with a well-soaked surface was hardly re-ignited, using more than 60 liters of gasoline for this. This in itself is a good proof of the effectiveness of impulse extinguishing and the practical impossibility of re-ignition after this extinguishing. After 10 min. free burning was extinguished from a distance of 25 m by three consecutive volleys of 10 barrels from a 30-barrel installation.
An analysis of two types of extinguishing a burning pile with powder and finely dispersed water showed the indisputable advantages of the latter, as well as a number of the following advantages of a gas-water finely dispersed squall:
Extinguishing the 3rd pile with a powerful compact jet of water took up to 40 minutes and required at least 10 fire engines AC-40 with water. This meant the actual failure of the extinguishing - the impossibility of preventing the transition of the burning of the stack into an explosion of ammunition in the unextinguished area. By the end of the firefight, the stack was completely destroyed by a combination of fire and water jet impact.
The pile, which was extinguished with the help of AGWT, burned out the fastest of all - approximately 4–5 minutes after the start of extinguishing, due to the fact that the extinguishing effect was of a local nature. A pile of real ammunition would no doubt have exploded during the firefighting and destroyed the fire trucks.
An analysis of the experimental results left no doubt that the most effective method Extinguishing - pulsed fine spraying of water immediately along the entire front of the combustion area (from the direction of the salvo) with a powerful penetrating effect that provides total destruction, cooling and dilution of the condensed combustion zone. The development of multi-barrel installations on the chassis of carriages, trucks, tanks and unitary sealed cartridges with various fire extinguishing compositions made it possible to implement a combined method of pulsed extinguishing.
The trunks of a multibarrel installation can be charged with various fire extinguishing compositions: liquids, solutions, gels, powders and bulk materials. Thanks to this, for the first time, one fire engine can carry out a fully autonomous, combined, effective extinguishing of various types of fires. It is also possible to load the barrels and effectively spray various natural materials: soil, mud, sand, water of any turbidity, dust, snow, ice, etc.
Thus, the operation of this installation, to a relatively small extent, depends on the delivery of containers with fire extinguishing composition. When all barrels are fully fired, for example, 5 volleys of 10 barrels, it is possible to extinguish a stack of ammunition in no more than 1 minute after 10 minutes of free burning of the stack. Such work in 10–15 minutes can be performed by at least 4 traditional fire tanks GPM-54. This number of fire tanks is not available in any Russian arsenal and it is difficult to put into practice their coordinated work on a burning pile in an open area.
9-16 barrel mounts can cost between 10-15 thousand dollars, while the Impulse 3M machine costs up to 80 thousand dollars, and the GPM-54 machine costs up to 120 thousand dollars. Trailed multi-barrel installations can be transported to a burning pile by various firefighters and other vehicles, which can quickly deliver the installation to the extinguishing position, and then retire to a safe place.
All types of multi-barrel impulse fire installations have already been produced and can be produced at Russian factories without imported components. It is quite realistic to equip the largest bases and arsenals of ammunition with these installations in 1-2 years, and in 3-5 years all other ammunition depots in Russia. This will greatly reduce the likelihood of catastrophic fires and explosions, which were in Chapaevsk, Lozovaya, Novo-Bogdanovka, etc. This task is quite real and very important for combat capability Russian army and ensuring the security of the country.
54. The storage of weapons and ammunition is allowed for legal entities and individuals who have received from the Federal Troops Service national guard Russian Federation or its territorial bodies permit the possession, or possession and use, or possession and carrying of weapons.
55. After receiving permits from the Federal Service of the National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation or its territorial bodies for the storage or storage and use of weapons in the manner established by the Federal Service for the National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation, legal entities are required to store weapons and cartridges in conditions that ensure their safety , security of storage and excluding access to them by unauthorized persons.
(see text in previous edition)
Weapons and cartridges, in accordance with the requirements established by the Federal Service of the National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation, are subject to storage in isolated rooms specially equipped for these purposes, equipped with technical security equipment and other means of protection, in lockable safes or metal cabinets. At the same time, the volume of storage of cartridges in factory packaging, safes or metal cabinets is determined by a commission formed in the prescribed manner, based on fire safety requirements.
(see text in previous edition)
The procedure and conditions for the storage of weapons and cartridges during their production are established by the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation in agreement with the Federal Service of the National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation.
(see text in previous edition)
56. The procedure for accepting weapons and ammunition for storage, their transfer, issuance and execution of the necessary accounting documents is established by orders of the heads of legal entities in accordance with the requirements established by the Federal Service of the National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation.
(see text in previous edition)
The procedure for carrying out these actions with weapons and cartridges placed under the customs procedure is established by the Federal Customs Service.
(see text in previous edition)
57. Sports storage firearms, including those with a rifled barrel, or sports pneumatic weapons with a muzzle energy of more than 7.5 J and a caliber of more than 4.5 mm, sports cold bladed and throwing weapons, hunting weapons can be carried out by legal entities that have received permission from the Federal Service of the National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation or its territorial body for the right to store weapons and (or) store and use weapons at a shooting facility, in premises equipped with the requirements of these Rules.
(see text in previous edition)
58. Requirements for engineering and technical equipment with security means, organization of access control and regime inside the facility, in warehouses and storages of weapons and ammunition, in premises for displaying, demonstrating or trading in weapons and ammunition, in shooting ranges and shooting ranges located outside production territories, as well as the requirements for the placement of weapons and cartridges in the places of their storage are established by the Federal Service of the National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation.
(see text in previous edition)
59. Weapons and cartridges belonging to citizens of the Russian Federation, as well as initiating and igniting substances and materials (gunpowder, capsules) for self-equipment of cartridges for civilian long-barreled firearms must be stored at their place of residence in compliance with conditions that ensure their safety, storage safety and exclude access to them by unauthorized persons, in lockable safes (locks), safe cabinets or metal cabinets for storing weapons, boxes made of high-strength materials or in wooden boxes upholstered in iron. federal Service troops of the National Guard of the Russian Federation, its territorial bodies, internal affairs bodies at the place of residence (stay) of the owners have the right to check the conditions for storing registered weapons.
(see text in previous edition)
Storage of weapons, cartridges, as well as initiating and igniting substances and materials (gunpowder, capsules) for self-equipment of cartridges for civilian long-barreled firearms by citizens of the Russian Federation in places of temporary residence must be carried out in compliance with conditions that exclude access to them by unauthorized persons.
(see text in previous edition)
Citizens of the Russian Federation who are members of sports shooting societies and clubs may store their weapons and cartridges at sports shooting and bench facilities at the venue for training shooting and competitions.
Small arms are understood as both combat and training pistols, revolvers, submachine guns, machine guns, carbines, rifles, light, heavy, tank and heavy machine guns, devices for silent and flameless shooting, sports and target weapons, hand grenade launchers, edged weapons (bayonets, bayonet-knives, daggers, checkers, etc.), training firing devices using PUS-7, PUS-9 cartridges.
For organizing storage small arms and ammunition is responsible for the head of the arsenal (base, warehouse) and the head of the storage department. The manager of the repository is directly responsible for the safety of the property.
The covers of the boxes with small arms are additionally fixed from three sides (from the side and from the side of the locks of the box) with 4-8 screws. Screws must be at least 5 cm long and at least 4 mm in diameter. Nests for screws are drilled with a drill with a diameter of 2-2.5 mm to a depth of not more than 25 mm. The screws must be screwed in. It is allowed to hammer them in no more than three turns of thread.
The equipment included in the set of small arms is stored in the same capping with it, it is not removed from the capping, but it is necessarily isolated from the weapon by laying in a separate capping place and wrapping it in two layers of paraffin paper.
Spare parts, tools and accessories included in a single SPTA are stored in standard closures in the places provided for by the design of weapons and closures.
When stacking boxes with personal weapons in piles, after every two stacked boxes, passages with a width of at least 0.7 m are left for inspection from the end of any box
WITHsmall arms are placed in storage assembled in a regular capping, folded in a stack.The order in the stacks should ensure their daily inspection, carrying out, loading and unloading operations and the timely issuance of material resources.
The storage departments keep a numbered record of pistols and revolvers indicating the year of manufacture. Accounting books are kept until full use, after which they are kept for 10 years.
Compatible storage allowed:
- small arms cartridges, hand grenades and fuses, for them, anti-tank missiles, short-range anti-aircraft guided missiles, reactive ammunition (rocket projectiles, grenade launchers, rocket-propelled anti-tank grenades), fully and incompletely equipped shells and mines of all types and shots for them, elements of dynamic tank protection;
- lighting and signal cartridges, ground signals, imitation explosion blocks of artillery shells, imitation tools, atomic explosion simulators, explosive packages, and the like.
Ammunition of each of the specified groups should be placed in separate storages.
Joint storage of ammunition of different groups is prohibited.
Pistols and revolvers in the warehouses of the military unit (compounds) they are stored in metal safes, locked and sealed with the seal of the head of the warehouse, placed in nests and in standard containers (for long-term storage).
Equipment is also kept in stock.Storage of compass, topographic instruments, photographic accessories
The keys to the boxes (cabinets) are daily handed over to the head of the vault in a sealed pencil case, together with the keys to the vault, to the head of the guard upon completion of work.
Spare keys are stored in a pencil case sealed with the wax seal of the store manager in the secret part of the arsenal. They are obtained with the permission of the head of the arsenal (base, warehouse).
The procedure for issuing weapons and ammunition from the warehouse of the RAV military unit when an alarm is declared is determined by the commander of the military unit.
The issuance of small arms, ammunition and hand grenades is carried out on the basis of which they are issued in the accounting and operational department of the arsenal (base, warehouse).
Registration of acceptance of small arms, ammunition and hand grenades is carried out by the commission of the arsenal (base, warehouse) with the execution of the act of acceptance (form 4), order of the Minister of Defense of the USSR of 1979 No. form 43), in two copies. One copy of the card is given to the store manager.
Inventory small arms and ammunition with the drawing up of an inspection report by order of the head of the arsenal (base or warehouse) is carried out at least once a year with a piece-by-piece inspection of at least 20% of weapons.
Military affairs, NVP and civil defense
Storage and preservation of missiles and ammunition in arsenals, bases and warehouses The volume of the educational material of the topic. Organization of storage of ammunition and missiles. Placement and stowage of missiles and ammunition. Rules for the joint storage of ammunition.
Topic number 7. Storage and preservation of missiles and ammunition at arsenals, bases and warehouses
The volume of the educational material of the topic.
Organization of storage of ammunition and missiles. Types of storage facilities, their equipment and about holding.
Placement and stowage of missiles and ammunition. Bo storage rules e supplies. Organization of temporary and long-term storage of ammunition in the open h spirit. Storage ventilation.
Monitoring the quality of missiles and ammunition in storage departments. Quantitative and qualitative accounting of missiles and ammunition at the arsenal a lah, bases and warehouses.
Technical inspection of ammunition. Technical s score O standing ammunition. Accounting documentation in storages and departments.
Reception and dispatch of missiles and ammunition. Types of transport and order of transport and munitions production by rail and road.
Organization of loading and unloading operations during the transportation of ammunition. Selection and equipment of the place of loading (unloading). Preparation of documents for the transportation of ammunition.
Ko n troll work.
1. Exploitation of ammunition: Textbook / A.A. Ivy, S.N. Kurkov, K.A. Elichev and others - Penza: PAII. 287 p. pp.101-126.
2. Manual for the operation of rocket and artillery weapons. Part 2. - M.: Military Publishing House, 2006. - 414 p. Pages 74-79.
3. Guidelines for organizing and ensuring fire protection of arsenals, bases and depots of weapons, missiles and ammunition. - M.: 2001. -130 p.
4. Instructions to the head of ammunition depots. - M .: Military Publishing House, 1987. -95 p.
5. Typical functional duties of officials of the arsenal (base, warehouse), developed O tanned by military unit 74889 by order of the commander of military unit 64176 No. 561/16/52 dated 01/13/94.
6. Order of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation of 1995 No. 393 "On approval of the Rules for the maintenance of stocks of missiles and ammunition, explosives and products based on them according to the degree of explosion and fire hazard."
8. Guidelines for arsenals, bases and warehouses of missiles and ammunition. Part 1. - M .: Military Publishing House, 2001. Closed source.
1. PRINCIPLES OF AMMUNITION STORAGE
The storage phase is very important for ammunition. In peacetime, it can be 70 ... 90% of the life cycle of ammunition.
The organization of ammunition storage includes the following main activities:
- determination and provision of required storage conditions;
- ammunition stockpiling and storage;
- preservation and timely restoration of the combat properties of ammunition.
In order to ensurestorage conditions close to optimal, you need the following:
- constant relative humidity below 70...60%;
- constant positive temperature +2...+4°С;
- absence of harmful impurities, dust and sand in the ambient air;
- tightness of premises;
- lack of direct sunlight;
- absence of mold and rodents.
In real conditions, it is almost impossible to provide the above.
Most of ammunition is stored at best in unheated storage facilities or in open areas. Therefore, to ensure suitability for combat use, periodic measures are taken (preservation, technical inspections, etc.).
The most important of them is conservation in various ways, because. overhaul periods and storage methods depend on its quality.
For example, the use of oil paint doubles the time to repair compared to the use of synthetic paints. Passivation of brass sleeves increases the turnaround time by 2-3 times. Full sealing of ammunition increases " life cycle» 2-3 times in comparison with the case when there is no protection.
When organizing storage, it is necessary to comply withthe following principles:
1. High operationalreadiness to receive and sendammunition is achieved:
- complete storage of ammunition and their elements;
- rational placement of ammunition stationary (in stacks, according to nomenclatures, purpose, batches) and on mobile vehicles;
- mechanization of PRR;
- availability and condition of access roads;
- clear qualitative and quantitative considerations.
2. Reliable preservation of combat properties of ammunition achieved:
- mandatory shelter of ammunition from the effects of precipitation and solar radiation;
- strictly regulated procedure for technical inspections, inspections and tests;
- sound system of ventilation and heating of storages;
- carrying out various types of maintenance of ammunition during storage.
3. High safety precautionsprovided:
- compliance with the rules of joint storage, depending on their explosion and fire hazard;
- compliance with the norms for the volume and height of stacking;
- placement of storage facilities at safe distances from each other and other objects, taking into account the degree of their loading with ammunition;
- preventing the joint storage of good and bad ammunition;
- the specifics of packing some ammunition nomenclatures (RS, special);
- compliance with the general rules for safety when working with ammunition.
4. Reliable security and defense:
- fences, guards, technical means protection;
- restricted area;
- bunding (from lumbago and WMD).
5. Secrecy and disguise:
- admitting only certain persons;
- hidden placement in various conditions (TR, RS, ammunition from satellites).
The storage of ammunition at arsenals (bases) is organized, as a rule, complete. The configuration determines the degree of readiness of ammunition for combat use and should be carried out according to the presence of the main elements (shells, mines, warheads).
Responsible for the completeness and correct packaging of ready and full shotsdeputy head of the storage base (head of storage) and head of the accounting and operational department,and in the storage department- Head of storage department.
full shots must be complete within one storage compartment.
Completeness of storageready shotsmust be observed in every repository. An exception may be incompletely equipped shots intended for repair, the fuses for which can be stored in another storage.
Specialization of storage departmentsand the distribution of ammunition between them is madehead of the basetaking into account ensuring the uniform loading of departments with work and compliance with safety rules.
The number of storage compartments (SC) at the base and the structure of each SC is determined by the volume and types of stored ammunition. Storage compartments are located on the technical territory in the weapons storage area. The territory, by order of the commander of the unit, is assigned to each department. A typical organizational structure of the OH is shown in Figure 1.
The head of the storage department (officer) is subordinate to civilian personnel: an engineer of the storage department, a technician of the storage department, production and auxiliary workers, and managers of storage facilities. The number of workers in the storage department is determined by the amount of property issued and received.
Job responsibilities of the head and engineer of the storage department are given in Appendix 1.
All storage items must be assigned tostorage managers,who are responsible for the safety of ammunition accepted for storage, their quantitative and qualitative accounting, proper ventilation of storage facilities, maintenance and fire safety of storage facilities, open areas or sheds and areas around them.
It is necessary to open and visit the vaults only in the presence of the manager to whom they are assigned. The opening of the repository without a manager should be carried out by a commission (with the obligatory participation in it of the head of the storage department or a person acting in his capacity).
Base officials must checkthe order of storage, technical condition and accounting of ammunition, as well as the maintenance of storage facilities and areas around themwithin the following timeframes:
Head of storage facilities - at least once every two days;
Storage Department Technician - at least once a week;
Storage department engineer - at least once every two weeks;
Head of storage department - at least once a month;
Deputy head of the base for storage - at least once a quarter;
Head of the UOO, chief engineer, head of the arsenal (base) - at least once every six months.
2. PLACEMENT AND STACKING OF AMMUNITION IN STORES
Ammunition is stored in unheated storage facilities: ground, semi-underground and underground (Fig. 2).
The most widespreadground storage. Ground storage facilities are built according to standard designs and differ in capacities. So, for example, AN-10, AN-15, AN-50 are artillery ground storage facilities with a capacity of 10, 15 and 50 wagons, respectively.
Backfilling and deepening help to reduce temperature fluctuations in the storage and improve safety. Surface-type storage facilities ensure the safety of property relatively well, allow efficient loading and unloading operations, and are much cheaper than semi-underground and underground ones. In terms of security, they are inferior to underground and semi-underground.
Underground storagecompare favorably in terms of safety, which makes it possible to drastically reduce the distance between them, and, consequently, the area of the technical territory. However, underground storages have a high cost per 1 m 3 underground storage is about 6...8 times more expensive than ground storage). Carrying out loading and unloading operations in them is also difficult.
Semi-underground storageaccording to their characteristics, they occupy an intermediate position between ground and underground.
V Lately arched bulk and ground storages made of prefabricated reinforced concrete or concrete blocks have become more widespread (Fig. 3).
Vaults can be equipped with lifting mechanisms, ventilation, explosion-proof lighting, and sometimes railway tracks.
Repositories should be constantly maintained in good condition and timely subjected to current and overhaul. Ammunition storages are equipped with double doors with reliable locks. Around the storage areas, blind areas and drainage ditches for water flow are arranged. Each entrance to the vault must have blind areas with slopes.
Around each vault at a distance of 1 m from the walls, grass should be removed, and at a distance of 20 m - heather, fallen leaves and needles, tree branches. Trees are cleared of branches to a height of at least 2m. A strip of terrain 50m wide, located around the repository, is assigned to the manager of the repository.
There must be metal bars on the windows, doors and ventilation hatches in the vault. Glass windows are painted on the inside with chalk mortar or white paint. To increase the intensity of ventilation of the under-stack space, there are ventilation hatches in the lower parts of the storage walls around the entire perimeter. total area hatches for storage AN-50 should be at least 8 ... 10 m 2 . Hatches are equipped with metal meshes and tightly fitted doors.
All storage facilities must be bunded, have access roads and be equipped with fire extinguishing, communication, signaling and lightning protection equipment in accordance with the requirements.
Missiles and ammunition must be placedin stacks according to nomenclatures and assembly batches. In the warehouse of a military unit, for the purpose of prompt issuance, it is allowed to stack stacks of ammunition in divisions. For each storage location (storage facilities, sites, etc.), a loading plan and a stowage scheme are drawn up, which indicate the location in the stack of each item and batch of missiles and ammunition. The plan and scheme are approved by the head of the service of the RAV unit. Ammunition of one nomenclature and one batch of manufacture (assembly) is placed in each stack. It is allowed to break up batches and stack ammunition of different nomenclatures in one pile only when storing them by subdivisions.
During storage, missiles and ammunition are located in such a way that it is possible to control their technical condition, keep records, receive and issue them. In storages with missiles and ammunition, working passages with a width of at least 1.5 m should be arranged in front of each door, in the middle of the storage or along one of the walls - working passages with a width of at least 1.25 m, along the walls - inspection passages with a width of at least 0 .6 m
Missiles and ammunition must be stored in a regular serviceable container. The marking on the container must correspond to the data printed on the ammunition and missiles placed in it. Boxes with missiles and ammunition are stacked with lids up and markings in the direction of the aisles. The stacks are stacked on antiseptic standard wooden lattice pads of the T-1 and T-2 types, 30-75x27x27 cm or 30-75x18x18 cm in size, intended for use mainly in open areas and in storage facilities, respectively.
Containers with ammunition longer than 2.5 m are placed on three linings - two under the inserts and one in the middle. Liners under the stacks are laid in one direction, usually across the storage in the direction of the ventilation hatches, and in an open area - in the direction of the prevailing winds. In the absence of standard pads, it is allowed to stack stacks on wooden beams or concrete blocks with a height of at least 18 cm.
Stacks of rockets and ammunition are stacked so that they are stable.With a stack height of more than 1.5 m, the container with ammunition is fixed with rails at half the height or in two places at 1/3 and 2/3 of the stack height.
Ammunition in a cylindrical container is stacked in rows. For stability, one row is separated from the other by wooden spacers with a thickness of at least 2.5 cm. The ends of the spacers are connected with rails, which simultaneously serve as a stop for the extreme rows of ammunition.
The height of stacks with missiles and ammunition should not exceed the value established for this type of missiles and ammunition, and provide permissible load per square meter of the storage floor, not exceeding that specified in the storage passport. To ensure ventilation in the storage areas between the top rows of stacks and the ceiling (roof), it is necessary to leave a free space of at least 0.6 m. The height of stacking of stacks with missiles and ammunition, including the height of the linings, should not exceed the values \u200b\u200bspecified in Table 1.
In one storage should be stored:
- smokeless gunpowder in regular containers or as part of shots - no more than 500 tons;
- smoky gunpowder and products from it without means of initiation in regular containers - no more than 100 tons;
- pyrotechnics (with the exception of products, which include only black powder without means of initiation) - no more than 250 tons;
- Explosives without shells and in shells, as well as explosives and gunpowder in complete storage in shots - no more than 240 tons of TNT.
When determining the maximum load of a storage facility in terms of explosives for missiles and ammunition, one should take into account half the mass of their propellant (powder) charge.
When storing missiles and ammunition, it is necessary to be guided byrequirements for the joint storage of missiles and ammunition. (table 2).
Features of storage of certain types of ammunition
Gunpowder and charges from themare stored in ceilingless storages in sealed hermetic containers. Storages intended for storage of black powders are equipped with racks. All parts of the racks are fastened together with spikes without the use of nails and fasteners made of ferrous metals. In these vaults, the floors in the working aisles are covered, as a rule, with rubber tracks. It is necessary to walk only in rubber shoes or felt boots.
Small arms cartridges (SAR)should only be stored in brick or reinforced concrete vaults.
Gates, doors, windows, storage hatches are equipped burglar alarm with a conclusion to the head of the guard and to the duty officer. In addition, storage facilities are additionally equipped with light and sound alarms that are triggered when doors (gates) are open and do not have a blocking device to turn off the signal.
Storage facilities with PSO on the technical territory are located separately from storage facilities with other ammunition in a separate area of the terrain. Each storage facility or PSO storage area is equipped with two rows of wire fencing. The first row is installed at a distance of at least 2 m from the shaft or a traverse from the outside, and the second row is installed at a distance of 3 m from the first row. The required number of gates is arranged in the wire fence.
The doors and gates of storage facilities with PSO are locked and sealed with the seals of the head of storage facilities and the head (assistant head) of the storage department. These persons should only open and close the vaults jointly. The gates of the wire fence are locked and sealed with the seals of the same persons.
3. Organization of temporary and long-term storage of ammunition in the open air
Placement and storage of ammunition at the FSF is allowed only if there is a shortage of storage facilities, i.e. before the construction of new ones or the release of existing ones.
- smoke, smoke-smoking, incendiary, sighting and targeting shells and mines with phosphorus equipment, or equipped with a substance capable of leaking, ready-made shots with them;
- secret samples of ammunition;
- hand and rocket-propelled anti-tank grenades;
- small arms ammunition;
- fuses, means of ignition;
- gunpowder and products from them;
- explosives without shells and articles thereof;
- pyrotechnic products, means of initiation.
Location selectionan open area in the storage area of the technical territory and its orientation on the ground should be decided in each case in conjunction with other storage facilities, the road network and the terrain. The dimensions of the open area are determined by the chosen layout of the stacks and the amount of ammunition (Fig. 5).
To place the sites, it is necessary to use areas of the terrain with natural disguise, located in the immediate vicinity of access roads, sources of electricity and water supply.
Sites on the ground are located with a short side in the direction of the prevailing winds (naturally aerated from various directions).
Open areas must meet the following requirements:
Located on a site with a slight general slope (2 ... 3% of the natural relief);
The surface level above the groundwater level is not less than 0.5 m;
The platforms must be rectangular;
Around them there should be drainage ditches (cuvettes);
Must be cleared of vegetation (on a strip of terrain 20m wide around open areas, moss, heather, fallen leaves, needles and branches must be completely removed. Grass around each stack is removed at a distance of 1m).
Open areas are equipped on a solid foundation made of concrete, asphalt, compacted with a layer of gravel-sand mixture and other materials that can withstand the load of ammunition stacks, ensure their stability and exclude the accumulation of ground, rain or melt water.
Open areas are equipped in engineering terms: dike; lightning protection; automatic fire alarm; driveways; fire reservoirs; drainage ditches.
Ammunition in an open area is placedin stacks no larger than: length - 17.5 m; - width - 7.2 m; - height - 3.5 m.
It is allowed to place no more than 10 (no more than wagons of ammunition) stacks of ammunition on one site. In this case, the stacks should be located at a distance of at least 5-10 m from each other. When placing ammunition on the FCS, the rules for joint storage must be observed.
Ammunition is placed on standard pads measuring 27x27 cm.
In the outer rows of the stack, the container is placed with the marking inside (with the exception of one or two upper rows) in order to protect it from the effects of precipitation and solar radiation. Stacks of boxes in a stack are arranged strictly vertically (on a plumb line) and are attached to each other with rails.
In order to ensure intensive ventilation of ammunition stacks in an open area, it is necessary:
At the height of the fifth - sixth box, lay bars along the entire length of the stack to create additional ventilation conditions;
Every 6.0 - 8.0 m of the stack length leave gaps of 25 - 30 cm for the entire length of the stack.
Maximum allowable ratesopen area loading: 240 tons for explosives in ammunition, their constituent parts and components; 500 tons of powder when FOX is loaded with ammunition that does not contain explosives (shots with projectiles in inert equipment with armor-piercing sub-caliber projectiles, blank shots, etc.).
When determining the maximum allowable loading rate of FOX for explosives for ammunition, half the mass of gunpowder of their propellant charge should be taken into account.
Ammunition containeris stored sheltered from the effects of atmospheric precipitation and solar radiation on separate open areas located near the storage facilities at a distance of at least 50 m. These areas may not be dammed.
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Fig.1. Typical organization of the storage department |
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Rice. 2. Ground storage |
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Rice. 3. Arched vaults |
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Rice. 5. Schemes of open areas |
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Fig.4. Scheme of placement of a stack in storage |
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Table 1. Permissible ammunition stack heights |
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p/n |
Name of ammunition |
Permissible Maximum stack height, m |
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Artillery and mortar shots, shells, mines, rockets caliber up to 200 mm, grenade launchers and rocket-propelled grenades. |
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rockets |
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Armor-piercing shells fully equipped and shots with these shells |
3.5 m |
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Artillery shots, shells and mines of all calibers fully equipped (except armor-piercing) |
3.0 m |
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Ready rockets not fully loaded |
3.5 m |
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ATGM |
3.0 m |
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Cumulative shots, shells and warheads not fully equipped, cumulative grenades for grenade launchers |
2.5 m |
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The same finally equipped |
2.0 m |
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Fuses, tubes, means of ignition (KV, ignition tubes, squibs, electric fuses), fuses for hand grenades |
2.5 m |
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Hand grenades (fragmentation and anti-tank) with sets of fuses enclosed in a box |
2.5 m |
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Hand grenades without fuses enclosed in boxes, grenades for grenade launchers, PTS, cartridges for CO |
3.5 m |
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Explosives, detonators and bursting charges in regular closure |
3.0 m |
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Sleeves, cardboard, plastic products |
3.5 m |
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Ammunition without capping. Unitary shots (cartridges), warheads and warheads PC , shells and mines of all calibers in an incompletely equipped form on frames |
2.5 m |
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Appendix 1
Job responsibilities HEAD OF THE STORAGE DEPARTMENT and senior assistant to the head of the OH
1. The head of the storage department is responsible for:
Combat and mobilization readiness department;
The state of storage and conservation of ammunition in accordance with the requirements of the governing documents;
Timely and high-quality reception and dispatch of ammunition; timely provision of workshops with ammunition according to the plan; occupational health and safety in the workplace; compliance with fire safety measures, maintenance of primary fire extinguishing means;
Proper maintenance and operation of storage facilities and PRP; maintenance of the established order in the assigned territory; organization of established accounting and reporting;
Combat and professional training, education, military and labor discipline, the moral and psychological state of the subordinate personnel of the department.
The head of the storage department reports to the head of storage and is the direct head of the personnel of the storage department.
2. The head of the storage department is obliged to:
Organize the proper storage and conservation of ammunition in accordance with the requirements of the governing documents;
Ensure the correct placement of ammunition in accordance with the approved plan; ensure timely quantitative and qualitative accounting of ammunition stored in the department;
Provide forces and means of the department for technical inspections, selection of samples of ammunition for testing;
At least once a month, personally check: the storage of ammunition in slots, under sheds and in open areas, the condition of the territories assigned to the heads of storage facilities, the serviceability of inventory and equipment, the condition of storage facilities, give instructions to subordinates on the procedure and timing for eliminating detected violations;
Monitor compliance with fire safety measures in the department, the availability of primary fire extinguishing equipment;
Ensure occupational health and safety in the workplace; organize and manage the safe production of work with increased danger; conduct technical training with the personnel of the department.
3. The head of the storage department must know:
Functional duties in the scope of the position held; requirements of the main governing documents, guidelines, orders and directives for the organization of storage, accounting, repair and categorization; joint storage rates, loading rates and the procedure for placing ammunition in storage facilities;
The technical configuration of missiles and ammunition, restrictions and prohibitions in the configuration and combat use;
The procedure for receiving and sending ammunition, requirements t vehicles;
Safety regulations for loading and unloading operations, transportation of ammunition;
Requirements for electrical installations, lightning protection devices, protection against static electricity;
Personal, moral and business qualities of their subordinates.
4. The head of the storage department must be able to:
Organize the storage, acceptance and dispatch of ammunition in strict accordance with the governing documents;
Use a control and measuring tool when carrying out technical inspections of ammunition
5. The head of the storage department has the right to:
Act in relation to military personnel - within the limits of the rights granted to him by military regulations and laws of the Russian Federation;
Act in relation to workers and employees - within the limits of the rights granted to him by the laws of the Russian Federation.
1. The senior assistant (assistant) to the head of the storage department is responsible for:
Timely and high-quality reception and dispatch of ammunition;
Timely technical inspection of ammunition;
Registration of primary documentation for the acceptance, dispatch of ammunition, the results of technical inspections, as well as documentation for the points of work to bring ammunition into final equipment.
The senior assistant (assistant) of the head of the storage department reports to the head of the storage department. In the absence of the head of the storage department, he performs his duties.
2. The senior assistant (assistant) of the head of the storage department is obliged to:
At least twice a month, check the correctness of the storage of ammunition, as well as the condition of the assigned territory. Based on the results of the inspection, give instructions to the technician of the department and the head of the storage facilities to eliminate the identified deficiencies;
Perform technical acceptance of incoming ammunition, preparation for shipment, shipment of ammunition and draw up documents in accordance with established standards;
Supervise the loading and unloading of ammunition;
Conduct technical inspection of ammunition. Document the results of the technical inspection in documents according to the established forms;
Keep records of storage load;
Prepare statements for the assembly and repair of ammunition, control the correctness and timeliness of the supply to the shops and the receipt of ammunition from the shops;
Conduct training and briefing on safe production methods in the department;
Take samples of ammunition for laboratory testing;
Instruct store managers on the rules of storage ventilation;
Monitor compliance with fire safety measures in the department, the availability of fire extinguishing equipment.
3. The senior assistant (assistant) to the head of the storage department must know:
Functional duties in the scope of the position held;
Arrangement, purpose, action, prohibitions and restrictions in the use and configuration of ammunition stored in the department;
Rules for joint storage, loading standards and the procedure for placing ammunition in storage facilities;
Terms, scope and procedure for conducting technical inspections of ammunition;
The procedure for receiving and sending ammunition, the requirements for it vehicles;
Rules for the operation of lifting and Vehicle;
Safety regulations for loading and unloading operations, transportation of ammunition.
4. The senior assistant (assistant) of the head of the storage department must be able to:
Organize work points to bring ammunition into final equipment;
Carry out technical inspections of ammunition, sampling for testing;
Use control and measuring tools and devices;
Prepare documents according to the established forms for receiving, sending, supplying ammunition to the workshops.
5. The senior assistant (assistant) of the head of the storage department has the right to:
Act in relation to military personnel within the limits of the rights granted to him by general military charters and laws of the Russian Federation;
Act in relation to workers and employees within the limits of the rights granted to him by the laws of the Russian Federation.
0.6 m
Working aisle width
up to 3 m
Place
ammunition stowage
0.6 m
inspection passages 0.6 m wide
Place
styling
ammunition
0.6 m
1.5 m
Place
ammunition stowage
0.6 m
Inspection passages 0.6 m wide
Place
styling
ammunition
0.6 m
Place
styling
ammunition
Place
styling
ammunition
Place
styling
ammunition
1.5 m
Working aisle at least 1.25 m wide
0.6 m
Inspection passages with a width of at least 0.6 m
Inspection passages 0.6 m wide
Place
styling
ammunition
Storage manager
Storage manager
Storage manager
Production and support workers
Technician OH
STORAGE ENGINEER (R&BP)
HEAD OF STORAGE DEPARTMENT (R&BP)
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441. Rockets and ammunition in the troops are stored in an artillery depot or in a park. Requirements for the equipment of artillery depots are given in Art. 498-503 of this Guide.
Requirements for the joint storage of missiles and ammunition are set out in Art. 452 of this Guide.
442. Missiles and ammunition in artillery depots are stored in unheated or heated storage facilities of the ground, semi-underground type and separately from RAW samples and property.
Rockets, rockets and grenade launchers are stored in bulk storage facilities made of prefabricated concrete blocks, arched and other structures. Temporary storage of rockets, rockets and grenade launchers is allowed in standard ground storage facilities with reinforced concrete floors, and other ammunition - under sheds and in open areas.
smoke, smoke-smoking, incendiary, sighting and targeting shells and mines with phosphorus equipment, or equipped with a substance capable of leaking, ready-made shots with them;
secret samples of ammunition;
hand and rocket-propelled anti-tank grenades;
small arms ammunition;
fuses, means of ignition;
gunpowder and products from them;
explosives without shells and articles thereof;
pyrotechnic products, means of initiation .
After the end of unloading from the railway wagons, the specified ammunition must be delivered to the storage facilities on the same day. They are transported to the loading area for loading into railway wagons on the day the wagons are delivered.
443. The artillery warehouse of a military unit (compound) stores category I ammunition, ATGMs, as well as suitable short-range missiles related to standard weapons. Ammunition and ATGMs of categories II and III, unusable short-range missiles, non-hazardous during storage and transportation, are stored separately from other ammunition and missiles in separate stacks according to nomenclatures.
In the accounting documentation, a corresponding mark is made on them. They are sent to the district bases (warehouses) of ammunition for repair or disposal no later than three months from the moment they are detected, at the direction of the RAV service of the military district.
444. Rockets and ammunition dangerous for storage and transportation are not allowed to be fired, allocated to a separate storage location located no closer than 100 m from other objects of the warehouse, and are subject to destruction only after the approval of the act for their destruction by the district’s RAV service, but no later than one month later after their discovery.
Missiles and munitions to be destroyed strictly prohibited buried in the ground or drowned in rivers and reservoirs. Work on their destruction is classified as dangerous and is carried out by demolition teams, staffed from the most trained military personnel. engineering departments military unit (connection).
445. If stockpiles of several units of one garrison (compound) are located on a separate common territory, by order of the head of the garrison (commander of the formation), the head of the united warehouse of the formation is appointed responsible for maintaining general order and observing fire safety measures throughout the warehouse, in his absence - the senior officer rank - the head of the RAV service of the military unit, whose reserves are located in the given territory.
446. Engineering, aviation, as well as other ammunition that is not related to the standard weapons of the nomenclature of the GRAU MO RF, is prohibited to be stored on the territory of the artillery depot.
447. Rockets, artillery, mortar and grenade launchers, rockets are stored only ready. Ammunition within each storage is stored only complete.
448. Missiles and ammunition in the warehouse should be placed in stacks according to nomenclatures and assembly lots. In the warehouse of a military unit, for the purpose of prompt issuance, it is allowed to stack stacks of ammunition in divisions. For each storage location (storage facilities, sites, etc.), a loading plan and a stowage scheme are drawn up, which indicate the location in the stack of each item and batch of missiles and ammunition. The plan and scheme are approved by the head of the service of the RAV unit. Ammunition of one nomenclature and one batch of manufacture (assembly) is placed in each stack. It is allowed to break up batches and stack ammunition of different nomenclatures in one pile only when storing them by subdivisions.
449. During storage, missiles and ammunition are located in such a way that it is possible to control their technical condition, keep records, receive and issue them. In storages with missiles and ammunition, working passages with a width of at least 1.5 m should be arranged in front of each door, in the middle of the storage or along one of the walls - working passages with a width of at least 1.25 m, along the walls - inspection passages with a width of at least 0 .6 m
450. Missiles and ammunition must be stored in a regular serviceable container. The marking on the container must correspond to the data printed on the ammunition and missiles placed in it. Boxes with missiles and ammunition are stacked with lids up and markings in the direction of the aisles. The stacks are stacked on antiseptic standard wooden lattice pads of the T-1 and T-2 types, 30-75x27x27 cm or 30-75x18x18 cm in size, intended for use mainly in open areas and in storage facilities, respectively.
Containers with ammunition longer than 2.5 m are placed on three linings - two under the inserts and one in the middle. Liners under the stacks are laid in one direction, usually across the storage in the direction of the ventilation hatches, and in an open area - in the direction of the prevailing winds. In the absence of standard pads, it is allowed to stack stacks on wooden beams or concrete blocks with a height of at least 18 cm.
451. Stacks with missiles and ammunition are stacked so that they are stable. If the height of the stack is more than 1.5 m, the container with ammunition is fixed with rails at half the height or in two places at 1/3 and 2/3 of the height of the stack.
Figure 12 - Organization of storage of missiles and ammunition in storage
Ammunition in a cylindrical container is stacked in rows. For stability, one row is separated from the other by wooden spacers with a thickness of at least 2.5 cm. The ends of the spacers are connected with rails, which simultaneously serve as a stop for the extreme rows of ammunition.
The height of stacks with missiles and ammunition should not exceed the value established for a given type of missiles and ammunition, and ensure the permissible load per square meter of the storage floor, not exceeding that specified in the storage passport. To ensure ventilation in the storage areas between the upper rows of stacks and the ceiling (roof), it is necessary to leave a free space of at least 0.6 m. The height of stacking of stacks with missiles and ammunition, including the height of the linings, should not exceed the values \u200b\u200bspecified in Figure 12.
452. In one storage should be stored:
smokeless gunpowder in regular containers or as part of shots - no more than 500 tons;
smoky gunpowder and products from it without means of initiation in regular containers - no more than 100 tons;
pyrotechnics (with the exception of products, which include only black powder without means of initiation) - no more than 250 tons;
Explosives without shells and in shells, as well as explosives and gunpowder in complete storage in shots - no more than 240 tons of TNT.
When determining the maximum load of a storage facility in terms of explosives for missiles and ammunition, one should take into account half the mass of their propellant (powder) charge.
When storing missiles and ammunition, it is necessary to be guided by the requirements for the joint storage of missiles and ammunition. The distribution of ammunition and explosives for joint storage in one store is shown in Table 10.
Table - 10 Distribution of ammunition and explosives for joint storage in one storage
| Name of ammunition and explosives | The number of the name of ammunition and explosives according to this table, with which joint storage is allowed |
| 1. Completely and incompletely equipped high-explosive, high-explosive fragmentation, fragmentation, cumulative, concrete-piercing, armor-piercing, incendiary (non-phosphorus equipment and not filled with substances capable of leaking), lighting, propaganda, cluster, with ready-made submunitions shells, mines and ready-made shots with them to all types of artillery systems and mortars, as well as head (combat) parts to rockets of the specified action. Artillery shots with practical projectiles. Artillery and mortar rounds with shells, mines in inert equipment. Throwing charges from smokeless powders in cartridge cases. | 1, 3, 4, 8, 11 |
| 2. Completely and incompletely equipped sighting and targeting, smoke, incendiary (phosphorus equipment or filled with substances capable of leaking) shells, mines and ready-made shots with them. Incompletely equipped smoke, incendiary (phosphorus equipment or filled with substances capable of leaking) head (combat) parts of rocket projectiles. | 2, 4 |
| 3. Rocket ammunition (ready-made rockets, rocket-propelled anti-tank grenades, rocket-propelled grenade launchers, rocket-propelled shells and mines, ready-made shots with them, equipped jet engines). | 1, 3, 4, 8, 11, 12 |
| 4. Ammunition that does not contain combustible and explosive substances (shells and mines in inert equipment without tracers and igniter charges, practical and sub-caliber projectiles without tracers, head (combat) parts in inert equipment, shells, rocket chambers, diluted fuses, decompressors, etc. .). | 1-5, 8-12 |
| 5. Throwing charges from smokeless powders in bundles, caps, bags, in bulk. Charges for marching and starting jet engines for various purposes from mixed solid propellants and smokeless powders. | 4, 5 |
| 6. Smoke powder and products from it without means of initiation (igniters, igniter and expelling charges, igniter devices, ignition tubes, igniter cords, explosive packages, etc.). | |
| 7. Cartridges for small arms, hand grenades, fuses for hand grenades. | |
| 8. Fuses, explosive devices. means of initiation. | 1, 3,4, 8, 11 |
| 9. Explosives without casings and products from them in the form of powders, granules, cartridges, checkers, etc. | 4, 9 |
| 10. Pyrotechnics. | 4, 10 |
| 11. Phlegmatizers, gaskets, cardboard and cork products, plastic products. | 1, 3, 4, 8, 11, 12 |
| 12. Elements of the complex of dynamic protection of tanks | 1, 3, 4, 11, 12 |
Notes:
1. In case of complete storage, joint storage of shells, mines, propellant charges, means of ignition, fuses for cartridge-loading shots, mortar and grenade shots is allowed. It is not allowed to store in the same storage mortar propellant charges together with incendiary (phosphorus equipment or equipped substances capable of leaking) and smoke mines.
2. When storing ready sighting and targeting, smoke and incendiary shots, it is allowed to store the required number of fuses and explosive charges together with them.
453. Ammunition and missile stacks must have stack labels for each batch (Form 64 of the Accounting Guide). Labels are posted in prominent places on the side of the aisle at a height of 1.5 m.
There can be only one incomplete box in each batch of ammunition, which is stored on top of the stack on the side of the working or inspection passage. On such a box, an additional marking “Incomplete, - piece” is applied on the front side. A packing list (form 63 of the Accounting Guide) is put on an incomplete box, which is certified by the signature of the person responsible for storage.
454. Boxes with small arms ammunition, fuses, hand and rocket-propelled grenades, means of ignition, means of undermining the PTS, fuses must be busted with a metal tape all around or sealed.
When storing small arms ammunition and PTS in bulk, they must be placed in metal boxes and stored in sealed or sealed iron (wooden, iron-covered) boxes or cabinets that are locked with a lock. Labels are enclosed in each box indicating the number of cartridges, the date of their miscalculation and the signature of the responsible person.
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