According to the Regional Sanitary and Epidemiological Service, in the current year, exceeding the permissible levels of cesium-137 radionuclides was detected in samples of wild berries delivered for research by residents Empty Osovets, ag. Dashkovka Mogilev region, village Dolzhanka and village Miloe Klichevsky district and in samples of mushrooms from the village Voronino, village Chechevichi, village Sledyuki Bykhovsky district, village Bovshevo, Mogilev region, village Gizhenka S, village Nov. Sloboda, village Lopatichi, village Khodorov, Slavgorodsky district, village Smolka, Chaussky district, village Veremeyki, village Ustye, Cherikovsky district, etc.

In some samples of mushrooms (after cooking), the content of radionuclides exceeded the permissible level by 1.5 or more times. The most disadvantaged are still the forests of the following areas: Slavgorodsky, Cherikovsky, Krasnopolsky, Klimovichsky, Belynichsky, Bykhovsky, Klichevsky, Mogilevsky, Chaussky.

— It should be noted that due to the specific properties of forests, an increased transition of radionuclides from soil to plants and fungi is observed, therefore, in the coming years, a decrease in radionuclides in forest mushrooms, berries, game. Regular consumption of forest products with a high content of radionuclides is one of the reasons for the increased content of radionuclides in the body of residents (up to 0.1% of those examined at the WRC installation), - says the doctor-hygienist of the department of radiation hygiene L.M. Schemeleva.

According to the specialist, the radioactivity of mushrooms depends both on the place where they grow and on their type.

By their ability to accumulate radioactive substances, mushrooms differ from each other and can be conditionally divided into 4 groups:

Batteries: bitter, ringed cap (chicken), pig, Polish mushroom, oil can, yellow-brown flywheel. Collecting these mushrooms is not recommended.
Strong-accumulating : mushrooms, pink volushka, brilliant green,
russula. Collecting mushrooms of this group is allowed at a density
soil contamination up to 1 Ci / km 2 with mandatory radiometric
control.
Medium-accumulating: real chanterelle, ryadovka, white
mushroom, boletus, boletus.
Weak-accumulating: autumn honey fungus, variegated umbrella mushroom,
pearl raincoat.

Of forest berries, blueberries, cranberries, lingonberries, and blueberries have the greatest ability to accumulate radiocaesium. Rowan and strawberry accumulate radiocaesium somewhat less. The least contaminated berries are viburnum, raspberries, blackberries.

When harvesting and processing forest berries and mushrooms, you need to know that:

You cannot pick mushrooms and berries in the places indicated by prohibition signs. The possibility of collecting mushrooms in a specific forest area should be specified in advance with the leshoz.
Do not buy mushrooms and berries in unidentified places (on the side of the roads), and if the purchase is made, then it is imperative to investigate for the content of radionuclides.
With the same density of soil contamination, the accumulation of cesium-137 in berries is greater in wet growing conditions than in dry ones. It is advisable to check all collected mushrooms and berries for radioactive contamination. Radiological laboratories have been established in each district at the district centers of hygiene and epidemiology, forestry enterprises. Research is carried out free of charge.
And the most important thing is to follow the rules for processing mushrooms and berries, which make it possible to reduce the concentration of radionuclides by a factor of 10 or more.

Before cooking, the collected mushrooms must be cleaned of adhering particles of forest litter, moss, soil; some mushrooms need to be peeled off the cap.

Reducing the content of radionuclides in mushrooms can be achieved by boiling them for 15-60 minutes in salt water with the addition of vinegar or citric acid and removing the broth every 15 minutes. With this treatment of russula, green leaves, ryadovki and volushkas within 30 minutes, the concentration of radiocaesium decreases by 2-10 times. Slightly more time (45 minutes) to reduce the content of radionuclides by 2-10 times is required for tubular mushrooms- boletus, boletus, Polish mushroom, boletus. Of course, the content of nutrients in mushrooms decreases after prolonged boiling.

When mushrooms are dried, the content of radionuclides in them does not decrease, so only “clean” mushrooms need to be dried.

Before use, the collected berries must be cleaned of adhering particles of forest litter, moss, soil and rinsed several times in running water.

Kira Stoletova

Belarus is located in a temperate continental climatic zone. Summer and spring in the republic are warm and humid. Therefore, mushrooms of the Minsk region are collected from early spring and before late autumn... Some "hunters" manage to collect not bad crops in winter, under a layer of snow or on tree trunks.

Main characteristics

There are about 100,000 species of unusual forest organisms around the world. In Belarus, there are about 200 of them, of which 60 are considered edible. All mushrooms near Minsk have their own category, according to the degree of edibility and taste.

edible;
conditionally edible;
inedible;
poisonous.

The first 2 categories are completely safe for the human body. They are prepared in different ways, and the species that belong to the 1st category (champignons, russula, white and weight) are suitable for food without heat treatment.

Conditionally edible and inedible ones are best pre-soaked and rinsed several times in running water. With water, all the milky juice will come out and with it unpleasant bitterness, which can spoil the taste of the finished dish.

Edible species

Minsk forests are rich in berries medicinal herbs and mushrooms.

Forest mushrooms are summer, autumn, winter and spring. But nevertheless, the best period for mass gathering is traditionally for these places the end of August and the beginning of September.

The most popular in the Minsk region:

poddubki;
white;
morels;
boletus;
chanterelles;
boletus.

Morels and stitches are the first to appear from under the snow - their caps are wrinkled, which sharply differ from other species. After the May holidays, they are replaced by raincoats.

In early June, the earth begins to warm up. And from under the rotten leaves of last year, wet caps of butter appear. They have a colorful look. Their description cannot fail to attract attention. Brownish smooth and shiny caps of juveniles proudly flaunt on a dense cylindrical leg. The cut pulp smells good and has a light beige tint. The fracture will not change its color even after an hour.

In conifers and in mixed forests at the end of June, representatives of the species Polish mushroom appear. Outwardly, they look a bit like white. Velvety delicate hats attract attention. The leg is thick and yellow at the cut. The aroma is strong and pleasant.

Champignons are versatile mushrooms, they are good in any form. They bear fruit from June to October. White caps stand out clearly under the fallen leaves. Under the outer layer of the cap there is a thin film connected to the stem. In older specimens, it bursts and separates from the base. The pulp of these forest beauties has a slightly pink tint.

The most valuable Belarusians deservedly consider are porcini mushrooms, which appear in July and delight their fans until the end of October. Their aroma and taste are unique: bright and strong, fully balanced. Their flesh does not change its color in any form, even when dry it remains completely white. For this quality, the mushrooms got their name, which eventually became generally recognized in science.

Redheads and chanterelles undoubtedly deserve attention. They look attractive. Their taste is excellent.

Irina Selyutina (Biologist):
The chanterelle has its counterparts, but upon closer examination, you will notice that the similarity is superficial. First double: chanterelle... It is characterized by the following points:
the cap is orange, not yellow;
the leg is delimited from the cap;
the edges of the cap are even, not wavy;
the hymenophore is lamellar, not folded;
the leg is hollow, not solid;
the pulp is dense, cotton-like (in older people), and not elastic.

Second double: hedgehog yellow(but here only an extremely inattentive person can confuse with a fox). Here it is enough to look at the hymenophore - in the chanterelle it is folded, and in the hedgehog it is represented by many spines, which are easily separated from the lower surface of the cap.

Mushroom places near Minsk have about 4 species of honey agarics. They are summer and autumn, meadow and field. They always grow up in large families. It is easy to collect more than one full basket from one place and feed them to a good company.

Inedible and poisonous species

Poisonous mushrooms:

death cap;
gall mushroom;
fly agaric;
the chanterelle is false;
false foaming;
poisonous ryadovki and talkers;
satanic mushroom;
pepper mushroom.

A pale toadstool can cause poisoning, even after touching them routinely. Her toxins are strong and penetrate through the skin into the bloodstream, causing bouts of vomiting, diarrhea and fever. All mushrooms that have been in contact with her automatically become poisonous, they must be thrown out without regret - after all, your life and health are at stake.

Irina Selyutina (Biologist):
Pepper mushroom prefers dry coniferous forests and occurs from July to late autumn. It can form mycorrhiza with young birches. This type of mushroom is often confused with butter - not for nothing is its synonym - pepper oil can. It is distinguished from butter by:
taste (bitter, pungent);
the color of the hymenophore: red, but in real boletus it is yellowish;
leg: no film ring.

In the literature, it is often indicated that the pepper oil can "is inedible because of the pungent peppery taste." However, many experienced mushroom pickers believe that:
you can eat it by adding it to a mushroom dish instead of pepper;
after prolonged cooking, the unpleasant pungent taste disappears.

Common mushrooms are often confused with toadstool and false ear. Satanic or bilious is mistaken for noble white. But upon close examination, the satanic one has a fine black mesh on the leg, and the bile gives itself out with an unpleasant aroma and a burning aftertaste that does not disappear even after soaking.

Hallucinogenic species

Several types of rare hallucinogenic forest organisms grow on the territory of Belarus:

paneolus moth (dung beetle);
hay dung;
acute fiber;
mycene is pure;
the row is smelly;
hymonopil Juno.

They include the so-called. psychoactive substances that cause disorders of the nervous system. This substance is psilocin, and with its repeated use, a painful condition occurs, leading to personality degradation and schizophrenia.

Where to look for mushrooms

The map of the area of mushroom places in Minsk indicates that there are many edible varieties growing along the highway.

Vitebsk direction: along the road, 4 km from Logoisk and to the village of Pleshchenitsy, there are good meadows with boletus and boletus boletus.

the villages of Mostishche and Aleshniki (12 km from the city) are excellent places for gathering honey agarics.

From the bus station, there is a regular bus Logoisk – Ugly – Shvaby. Having reached the agricultural town Zembin on it, you can pick up a crop of mushrooms and chanterelles in a nearby forest. Near the village itself, along the walking paths, you come across russula and spring morels.

The Khatyn forest traditionally gives the amateurs "to hunt" in it rich harvests of the most different types forest organisms. Throughout the season, a huge number of lovers of these delicacies come here.

Vileyshina: to the village Ilya, located here, is best reached by car. Mushroom places are located near the recreation center "Economist". This area is characterized by a good annual harvest of russula, value and morels.
Talkovskoe direction: ideal for hiking, there are many mushrooms in summer and autumn. It is easier to get there by train from the central station and walk across the field to the forest, past summer cottages, along the river. The walking distance varies from 5 to 20 km. Therefore, good physical fitness does not hurt.

Conclusion

Mushroom picking is a pleasant and healthy activity. In the forest, you need to take a sharp knife, a convenient box or basket, a compass, a supply of water and means of protection against mosquitoes.

News and Society

Mushroom places in the Minsk region. Where to collect a lot of mushrooms?

19 June 2015

Belarus has long been famous for its mushroom harvests. And in our time, many residents of the republic annually open the "quiet hunting" season. As practice shows, Vitebsk and Minsk regions are the richest in mushrooms. Experienced mushroom pickers know exactly where to go to get a full basket. Consider mushroom spots in the Minsk region.

Fans of mushroom hunting deliberately tend to choose the least visited places, away from the main human streams. This is partly due to the persistent belief that the further you go, the more mushrooms you can collect. However, this is an erroneous, albeit common, misconception. There are as many mushrooms in the forests around Minsk as in other wooded places in Belarus.

Logoyshchina

Procurers willingly take various mushrooms: white, chanterelles, boletus, honey agarics and others. Moreover, chanterelles are one of the most commercially successful species. Even a novice mushroom picker, subject to a good knowledge of mushroom places, can earn a decent amount. It remains to decide where the mushroom places are.

If you have a car at your disposal, it would be best to go to the woodlands located in the Vitebsk direction from Logoisk to the village of Pleshchenitsa. These places were famous for their high mushroom yields.

Juveniles - on the ninth kilometer of the track.
Mostische - 12th kilometer.
Aleshniki - 12th kilometer.
Krokva - 19th kilometer.
The burial place is the 21st kilometer.
Takovshchina is the 21st kilometer.

In the absence of a car, suburban transport will help out. There is not much to choose from, electric trains do not go to these places, there is only a bus. When planning to use it, you should familiarize yourself with its schedule in advance, since flights are irregular. The most popular route is Logoisk-Ugly-Shvaby. The bus is jam-packed during the high season. The most mushroom places wish to visit locals and not only.

Khatyn forest

This green area is one of the most mushroom-rich places in the vicinity of the capital. The forest stretches for many kilometers in all directions and is limited by such settlements as Logoisk, Pleschenitsy and Zembin. Mushrooms of various types grow here.

All local residents know these mushroom places in the Minsk region. But they are reluctant to share the route with visiting citizens.

Columns

The columns are famous for being the habitat of many types of mushrooms with a high nutritional value, such as chanterelles, honey agarics, porcini mushrooms.

You can get here both by personal transport and by public transport: by bus or by train. The landmark is the Vysoky Bereg tourist center. The area is extremely rich in mushrooms, while it is picturesque.

If you ask someone where the mushroom places are the best, they will send you there.

Talcum powder

This forest area will primarily appeal to hikers. The average length of the mushroom route in these places is from 7 to 15 km. People with poor health, as well as elderly mushroom pickers are advised to choose other routes. Electric trains from Minsk run here.

Mushroom places in Bryansk are worth visiting. There you can pick up more than one basket of noble mushrooms.

Unknown mushrooms can pose a serious health hazard and only familiar species can be eaten. In the forests of Belarus there are many poisonous mushrooms, false snares and toadstools, so you should be extremely careful. Some species are conditionally edible and are suitable for human consumption only after a certain culinary treatment.

What to do if there is a desire to pick mushrooms, but there is not enough knowledge to distinguish an edible specimen from a poisonous one? It is recommended to take an experienced mushroom picker as an escort.

Popular Minsk estates located in quiet, clean and beautiful places deep in green woodlands. This option is very suitable for novice mushroom pickers for the reason that specially trained people from the administration of estates keep a company and suggest which mushroom to put in the basket and which one is better not to touch.

More experienced mushroom pickers can do without an accompanying person, but in this case additional precautions will not be superfluous. The mushroom spots in the Minsk region are mesmerizing, and you should always keep track of the time and paths. It is recommended that you stock up on all the essential things in advance, have a compass, matches in a waterproof bag, some supply of provisions and clean water. Before going into nature, it is best to warn relatives and friends in advance about exactly how the route runs. Mushroom places in Belarus can be dangerous for a novice tourist.

Eating mushrooms

Once the harvest is harvested and delivered home, the problem of proper preparation arises. It should be borne in mind that mushroom dishes are tasty and nutritious, however, this is a rather heavy burden for the digestive tract. Many mushrooms are difficult to digest, and when digested, they put additional stress on the stomach, liver and pancreas. Such dishes are not recommended for people with chronic gastrointestinal diseases. Young mushrooms have a more delicate taste and are absorbed much better than old ones. It is better to throw away wormy specimens immediately, they are not allowed to be eaten.

Now you know where the most mushroom places are in the Minsk region. Be sure to inform your loved ones that you are going to wander through the woods!

Most likely yield current year will be high. It was noted that the most mushrooms are usually found in the Vitebsk and Minsk regions. We present to your attention several places where you cannot leave without a basket of mushrooms.

Mushrooms near Minsk

Avid hunters often choose long-distance routes. After all, it is believed that the further you go, the more mushrooms you will collect. In fact, you don't need to travel very far. There are no less mushrooms in the Minsk forests than in other forests of Belarus.

Mushroom Sites Map

Logoyshchina

Everywhere procurers accept various mushrooms: aspen mushrooms, boletus, boletus, mushrooms, boletus mushrooms, honey agarics, russula, hens. But the most commercial mushrooms are chanterelles. Thanks to this, an amateur mushroom picker who knows the area can earn very good money for the season.

If you have a personal car, then the most correct decision would be to go to the forests, which are located in the Vitebsk direction along the highway (from Logoisk to the village of Pleshchenitsy). There are a lot of mushroom spots. It is best to go to such villages as Molodi (located at the 9th kilometer), Mostishche, Aleshniki (at the 12th kilometer), Krokva (at the 19th kilometer), Pogrebishche, Takovshchina (at the 21st kilometer).

If you do not have your own personal transport, then, if necessary, you can use public transport. The train does not go to these places. You can only get there by bus, which does not run very often. The most popular route is the Logoisk-Ugly-Shvaby bus route (to Zembin). But in the season itself, there are sometimes not enough places in it.

This place near Minsk can be called one of the most mushrooming places. The huge continuous forest between Logoisk, Pleschenitsy and Zembin stretches for many tens of kilometers. These forests are located in such a way that you can find mushrooms of various types in them.

Vileyshina. Ilya village

Boletus, common chanterelle ... The car route will be more comfortable. We go to the village of Ilya from Minsk, focusing on the recreation center "Economist" (from the educational institution "BSEU"). The most mushroom places are located here. You don't even need to get to the Economist, because the forest in these places is very large.

Columns

In Stolbtsy, mushroom pickers will find many noble specimens of mushrooms (chanterelles, boletus, boletus, boletus, autumn mushrooms). The landmark of the places of their accumulation can be called a camp site called "Vysokiy Bereg". You can get here by personal transport, by bus, and by train. By car, you will have to go along the highway towards Brest, turning in Stolbtsy to the village of Nikolayevshchina. Buses and trains run in the Brest direction from Minsk. Stolbtsovschina pleases the eye with its picturesque nature. Moreover, it is the birthplace of Yakub Kolas.

Talcum powder

This mushroom trail is more suitable for those who like to walk, as it can take 5-20 kilometers. Mushroom pickers must be prepared physically and spiritually for such a journey. On a suburban train from Minsk, you need to get to the Talka station, in the direction of the train, go through the village, go through a small field, go into the forest, take a minute summer cottages, a large field, follow along the river to a small bridge, cross it to the other side, go into the forest ... And you can start picking mushrooms.

Not sure - don't put the mushroom in the basket

Of course, you should only eat mushrooms that you know well. Otherwise, it will be more expensive for yourself. Scared to go alone and accidentally cut off a toadstool? There is a way out - "quiet hunt". In Belarus, the Minskers, which are located in picturesque forests, receive guests. There are many mushrooms there. The owner of the house negotiates the time with you in advance and becomes a companion in the difficult task of picking mushrooms. After long walks around woodland, in addition, you will have the opportunity to relax in the estate: soak up the sauna, enjoy delicious barbecue, cook fresh mushroom soup.

If you are going to the forest alone, bring everything you need to avoid getting lost: mobile phone, compass, matches, knife, something for a snack. Be sure to tell your friends and family how much and where you went. This will provide an opportunity, in case of your failure to return at the appointed time, to start searching.

Mushroom dishes are delicious, but heavy. So, for example, young boletus mushrooms are much healthier than onions and carrots. Dried, they will be more nutritious than eggs and boiled sausage. But giving mushrooms to children under the age of seven is categorically not recommended. This is because they have an enzyme in their bodies that breaks down mushroom protein. Naturally, everyone decides for himself whether to look for his favorite mushrooms in the thickets or buy champignons in supermarkets ... The choice is only yours.

It is especially crowded on the Minsk-Slutsk highway. Every few kilometers, drivers pass by peculiar markets.

Bored locals instantly liven up when a car slows down nearby.

Son, take the mushrooms, look how handsome they are: fresh, fresh from the forest, - the old woman beckons the driver. - Take it, I will give it to you inexpensively.

For a 3-liter bucket of chanterelles, for example, the owners ask for 7 thousand rubles, a 4-5-liter bucket of aspen mushrooms is sold for 12-15 thousand. True, for a tiny bucket of boletus mushrooms, on which I laid my eyes, the hostess offered to pay 20 thousand rubles - and no bargaining. The mushrooms seemed really worthwhile: all small, clean, seemed to have grown only today.

You will not find such people in the forest, - the woman assured me. - Only experienced mushroom pickers know how to pick them.

In general, I persuaded. However, the mushroom expert turned out to be useless out of me. Otherwise, I probably would have noticed that the mushrooms are pulled right by the roots, and not cut off, and, therefore, may turn out to be wormy. And so it happened. Fortunately, she took aspen mushrooms into the bargain at a completely ridiculous price: the young guy gave a huge heap for only 3 thousand.

I returned to Minsk. I show off to my friend "shopping". And she categorically declares in response: "Throw it in the trash. After all, no one checks the quality of the mushrooms and vegetables sold by the road." I decided to ask people who know. Their words upset me even more. It turns out that after standing for a day, mushrooms become unsafe (although appearance many persist). This is partly why experts definitely do not recommend buying them from "road dealers". And further. Marina Baybus, head of the food hygiene department of the Minsk City Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology, said that mushrooms are a kind of accumulator of radionuclides, therefore, it is impossible to acquire them without preliminary sanitary research in any case.

Moreover, they easily absorb and accumulate heavy metal salts. Imagine how many elements of the periodic table are in the mushrooms that have stood under car exhaust! According to Marina Cheslavovna, in general, all products grown along the roads can be harmful to health. True, this does not mean that, having eaten a mushroom or apple from a tree growing on a busy highway, a person will immediately get poisoned - the body can react to this after years.

However, whether it is worth buying something on the track, everyone has the right to decide for himself. Many, for example, solve this dilemma as follows: they take a dosimeter with them on the road and check the gifts of nature that they like, at least for the presence of radionuclides. Well, the most correct decision, in my opinion, is to find the time and go to the forest yourself. Moreover, according to the villagers, there are a lot of mushrooms there now.

Photo by Victor DRACHEV.