Adaptation of the child to school. Psychologist's advice

When a child goes to first grade, it seems to adults that the beginning of school life will be remembered by him as one of the most joyful, happy and bright events in his life. Undoubtedly, every kid is in a hurry to proudly try on the role of a first grader, but very often it turns out that school rules and regulations are far from being as joyful and interesting as he would like.

Changes in the usual way of life is a rather stressful situation. Especially strongly this situation can affect the psyche, mood and well-being of the child. When a child realizes that instead of playing games, watching cartoons and walking, he has to sit in class, do homework and prepare for a new school day, the role of a first grader no longer seems to him as attractive as before. In children, any discomfort is often expressed in psychosomatic symptoms. If a child does not like something, he may start to get sick, act up or withdraw into himself. All this, as a result, leads to poor school performance and a loss of interest in learning.

How to adapt a child to school?

Only parents can help the child feel comfortable in the school environment. No matter how professional and attentive the teacher is, the child's attitude to school is largely formed on the basis of the parental example. If parents put the child's progress above all else and believe that they can achieve results only through strictness, prohibition and punishment, the process of adapting a first grader to school can drag on for many months. If parents can properly motivate the child and instill in him an interest in learning, adaptation to a new life will be easy and almost imperceptible.

Getting ready for school

When telling your child about school, do not try to embellish reality too much. The child should know that the school will open the doors to him in new life where he will find his friends, learn to be an adult, independent, strong and smart. But at the same time, the kid must understand that in order to succeed, he will need to show discipline, perseverance and attentiveness. Try to involve the future first-grader in preparation for school life as early as possible. When buying stationery, school clothes and organizing a school place, be interested in his opinion. The sooner the child begins to show independence, the easier it will be for him to get used to school life.

Dose study

With the advent of the first of September, the child's lifestyle changes dramatically. And even if the child is already accustomed to discipline, attended Kindergarten or various circles, school life increases his usual workload many times over. After spending several hours at a desk, the kid simply cannot concentrate on learning new information. Therefore, after school, take a short walk in the fresh air and let the child do what he wants for some time. But at the same time, don't delay doing your homework. If it is difficult for a child to complete the entire amount of exercises at one time, break this process into several parts. But do it in such a way that the baby has time for a good rest.

Schedule

A properly planned schedule is the basis of discipline, as well as good mental and physical well-being. Becoming a schoolboy, the child has to get up earlier and, accordingly, go to bed earlier. However, switching to a new schedule is not as easy as it seems. It is best to teach your child to get up early a few weeks before the beginning of September. However, for this process to be painless, it must be done gradually. Every three days, wake your baby up 10 minutes earlier than he is used to waking up. On school days, make a visual full-fledged schedule for your child. Write down how much time he can devote to training, how much to games, and how much to study. You can additionally purchase a toy timer or hourglass, thanks to which the child will clearly see where his time goes. It is also very important that the child realizes the value of his time. Explain to him that the more he is capricious and indulges in the process of completing the lessons, the less time he will be able to spend on his favorite activities.

Proper nutrition

Mastering new knowledge, the child spends a lot of energy, which can only be replenished by a balanced diet. Make sure that the child receives all the necessary elements in the right amount. And most importantly - accustom him to a full healthy breakfast. Parents in this matter also need to set their own example for the baby. It is unlikely that a child will want to have oatmeal for breakfast if someone at this time prefers to eat a sausage sandwich.

Do not restrict your child's physical activity

With the beginning of school life, the physical activity of children drops sharply. Sitting at a desk for many hours does not have a very favorable effect on the future health and well-being of the child. And besides, a sedentary lifestyle is simply unbearable for hyperactive children. Ideally, several times a week, the student should attend some kind of sports section, dance classes or go swimming in the pool. If this is not possible, firstly, do exercises with your child every day, secondly, walk in the fresh air and walk more often, and thirdly, devote the weekend to active recreation.

Don't scold your child for mistakes

Excessive demands on the child's academic performance can develop an inferiority complex in him. If a child is having a hard time with something, that's fine. In this situation, you must help the baby make every effort to learn it, but in no case reduce the upbringing process to punishment. Also, never punish a first grader in the event of a conflict with classmates or a teacher until you find out all the details. If it turns out that the child was to blame for the conflict, just explain to him his mistake. In any situation, the child should feel your support.

A child's adjustment to school will be much easier if he feels that you are proud of him, despite his grades, behavior and academic performance. Only thanks to parental understanding and care, a first grader will be able to believe in himself and happily plunge into new stage own life.

The child goes to first grade. This event is both joyful and exciting. A new road opens up before the baby. How correctly a small student takes his first steps depends on his future. Of course, the crumbs can not cope on their own. Proper adaptation of children to school is the task of the teaching staff, as well as parents.

What is adaptation?

The concept itself implies getting used to new conditions. A child who until recently attended a preschool institution, had a floating daily routine, spent a lot of time in games, will have to reorganize in a different way. You will need to learn to listen to the teacher, do your homework, find mutual language with classmates. This, in fact, is the adaptation of the child in school. Grade 1 in an educational institution is rightfully considered the most difficult. It is especially difficult for children who have not previously attended kindergarten. We also have to face the difficulties of socialization.

Adapting children to school is a real stress for some parents. To a greater extent, mothers are worried that they will not cope with their duties, that the child, through their fault, will lag behind classmates. A really difficult task falls on fragile shoulders. It is necessary to help the child adjust himself to other conditions of life. At the same time, a mother should in no case show her feelings to her son or daughter! And what you definitely shouldn’t do is raise your voice to a little schoolboy who can’t read or write.

The success of a child's adaptation may depend on many factors. First of all, this is the temperament of a small student, as well as a model of family relations. If a child likes to be in the center of attention, does not tolerate loneliness, he will surely be able to quickly get used to a new team. Also, if harmony and mutual respect reign in the family, the baby has no complexes, adaptation will take place with minimal losses.

However, socialization is only a small part of the whole process. It is not enough to get used to the new team and teachers. The adaptation of children to learning at school is, first of all, the presence of interest. The kid must understand that he attends school not because it is necessary, but because here he will be able to learn a lot of new and useful information. To interest the child is the task of parents and teachers.

Degrees of adaptation

There are no two identical people. So children have their own psychological characteristics. For some, just a few days are enough to get used to the new conditions, while someone in a month will feel uncomfortable in a strange team. Psychologists traditionally divide children into three groups. The first is babies with a slight degree of adaptation. This includes guys who quickly join a new team, make friends. Such children get along well with teachers, all their attention is directed to learning new subjects.

The second group of guys is considered the most common. This includes kids with an average degree of adaptation to school. The period of getting used to new conditions is longer for them, it takes from several weeks to two months. At the initial stages of education, children do not accept the conditions in which they had to get. In the classroom, they can talk with their comrades, not listen to the teacher's remarks. These guys initially do not show interest in learning. Especially often this group includes children who did not attend a preschool institution. The adaptation of children to school will be faster if parents have an appropriate conversation with the children long before September 1. It is worth explaining to the baby that interesting changes are coming in life that will benefit. If necessary, a psychologist can work with the child.

The third group is children with a severe degree of adaptation. The child has negative forms of behavior, he does not listen to teachers, offends classmates. The opposite manifestation is also common - a small schoolboy closes in on himself. The child behaves very quietly, does not talk, does not answer the questions of the teacher. In most cases, these guys practically do not learn the school curriculum. The problem of a child's adaptation to school most often has a reason. This is either a psychological trauma, or discord in the family. You can't do without a specialist in this situation.

Difficulties still to be faced

Successful adaptation of a child to school is not an easy task. Even if a son or daughter belongs to the first group, that is, he easily establishes a common language with a new team, shows interest in learning, you should be prepared for the fact that you will have to face difficulties. The most common complaint of most parents is the laziness of the little student. In fact, the child is not to blame for anything. He just lost motivation. He is not interested in attending this or that lesson, doing homework on a specific subject. Surely, many parents noticed that children are happy to attend such lessons as singing, physical education, drawing. Because they can be fun. The task of teachers and parents is to interest the student in attending the subject in which interest has been lost.

Verbilism is another problem that many parents of first graders have to face. The problem is that many mothers and fathers from the early years of the baby pay great attention to the development of speech. A poem about a bear performed by a two-year-old child is tender. The kid is admired, which increases his self-esteem. At school, it turns out: all that a student can do is speak beautifully, speak clearly, and clearly pronounce complex sounds. At the same time, the processes of thinking are rather slow. The program (adaptation of children to school is a difficult path for every first grader) must necessarily include subjects that stimulate productive activity. This is drawing, modeling, designing, mosaic, etc.

Chronic underachievement

At the beginning of education, each child is Blank sheet. Why does it happen that one kid turns into an excellent student, and the other into an inveterate loser? Blaming a child for poor learning is stupid. Chronic underachievement is primarily a shortcoming of parents, and only then of teachers. What is going on? A small student does not cope with the task assigned to him, his mood decreases. At the same time, many parents only exacerbate the situation, begin to scold the baby. The self-doubt of a small student grows at times. He does not want to continue training, so as not to experience negative emotions again. Thus, chronic failure develops.

During the period of adaptation of children to school, parents should be patient. Moms and dads need to be prepared for the fact that many tasks for the baby will not work right away. If you properly encourage the child, encourage him for the successful completion of the work, the student will want to attend classes again and again.

Every year, domestic methods of education are improved. Many educational institutions have now decided not to grade the work of children in the first grade. The results are already visible. Adaptation of children to school conditions is less painful.

How can a teacher help a child?

The first teacher is the person with the help of whom the baby gets used to new conditions for himself. According to a special program, the child is adapted to school. Methods are developed taking into account the psychological and age features students. The teacher can judge the degree of adaptation thanks to special tests that can be carried out on one of the class hours. To get a clearer picture, testing should be done at the end of the first quarter of training:

Method "Paints". The teacher distributes felt-tip pens or paints to the children, as well as sheets of paper on which objects related to certain lessons are depicted (number - mathematics, pen - writing, brush - drawing, accordion - singing, etc.). Students are encouraged to color the drawings. If the baby paints a certain object in a dark color, this indicates possible difficulties associated with it. The methodology allows you to determine the progress of each child in one direction or another.
Methodology "What I like about school". The teacher offers to draw a picture on a given topic. The image can be used to judge the psychological state of the child. You should pay attention to the guys whose drawings are far from school life. A teacher with a pointer, a school board in the images can talk about high level learning motivation.
Method "Sun, cloud, rain". The students are given leaflets on which the described weather phenomena are depicted. The teacher offers to describe the state at school, at home, with friends. The child circles the drawing they like. Thus, the teacher determines which children have already fully adapted to school life (the sun is circled).

At the end of the first quarter, you can conduct a small survey. Answering the questions will help to identify the level of adaptation of each child in the class. Questions might be:

Do you like school?
If you were told that everyone did not have to come to class tomorrow, would you come to school?
Do you like your classmates?
Would you like another teacher to work with you?
Are you happy when classes are cancelled?
Are you friends with many classmates?
Would you like breaks to be longer and lessons to be shorter?

To get honest answers to questions, the questionnaire should be offered to the children to fill out at home, together with their parents. Having identified the level of adaptation in the classroom, the teacher chooses a further work strategy. Practice shows that by the end of the first quarter, 90% of the children have already fully adapted to the new conditions.

Game as a way of adaptation

For children who are just adapting to new conditions, it is important to present new information in a form that is interesting to them. It is no coincidence that the first lessons in many educational institutions are held in the form of a game. The most difficult task for any first-grader is to sit in his place for a whole lesson. 40 minutes seems like a real eternity. The game "Diligent student" will come to the rescue. The guys are offered to portray high school students who know how to behave at school. And to make the game interesting for kids, it is desirable to include a competitive moment. At the end of the lesson, the teacher indicates the most diligent students who are awarded prizes.

The psychological adaptation of the child to school will be easier if the baby is familiar with classmates. Therefore, the school team is recommended to hold an interesting event in an informal setting before the start of the school year. The ideal option is a hike. During fun games in nature, kids can get to know each other. Parents, in turn, will have the opportunity to communicate more closely with the teacher.

What can parents do?

A child who is just starting school needs moral support. The adaptation of a small student to new conditions depends on how well moms and dads behave. It is worth supporting the baby in any of his endeavors and in no case scold him for failures. Never compare your child to other students. It is necessary to make sure that the student is guided by his own result. For example, if today the son made only two mistakes in his homework, and yesterday there were three, this is already a real success, which is definitely worth noting!

What else should parents do? Work on the adaptation of children to school is based on the formation of a certain daily routine. It is necessary to teach the crumbs to go to bed on time so that they can get up in the morning without any problems. Hurry - additional stress for the baby. The child must know exactly the procedure. In the morning - to school, at lunch - homework, in the evening - on time to sleep, and on weekends you can have fun with your parents.

The motivation of the kid to study school subjects also partially falls on the shoulders of the parents. Mom should explain why it's worth studying English language(“You learn, and we will travel without any problems”), mathematics (“You can count how many toys you have”), reading (“You can read the biggest fairy tale on your own”).

The adaptation of children to school affects the work of the immune system of students. It is especially difficult for children who have not previously attended a preschool institution. Kids often get sick, skip lessons. This also affects psychological adaptation. Frequent absences lead to the fact that the child does not have time to establish communication in the team. How to deal with it? A pediatrician will help solve the problem, who will prescribe a suitable immunostimulating drug. You cannot self-medicate.

It will be possible to reduce the incidence rate if the classroom for first-graders in the school is placed in a separate block, where children contact only with teachers and peers. The daily routine also affects the state of health. If a separate room is allocated, it will be possible to reduce the lessons in the first term to 35 minutes. Classes must be held in the morning. At this time, the guys are very active. The possibility of organizing daytime sleep is a huge plus. For children 6 years old, rest during the day is still very important. Thus, it is possible to restore brain activity, as well as physical activity.

Signs of successful adaptation

How to understand that the adaptation of children to school is going well? The following signs may indicate this:

the child comes home from school cheerful, talks about his impressions of the day;
the baby has new friends;
homework is done without tears and stress;
the kid is upset if for a number of reasons he has to stay at home and not go to school;
the child sleeps well, falls asleep quickly, wakes up without problems in the morning.

The presence of at least a few of the listed signs indicates that the child's adaptation to school is going well. Grade 1 can be full of vivid impressions and memories. But, unfortunately, not all guys have a cloudless adaptation. If the baby does not sleep well, comes home tired from school, complains about the lack of friends, it is worth consulting with the teacher. Children with a severe degree of adaptation need the help of a psychologist.

Summarize

The pedagogical adaptation of the child to school will be quick and painless with the right interaction between teachers and parents. Success largely depends on the emotional state of the baby. A pleasant team at school, warm communication with the family - all this will lead to the solution of the task. The child adapts to new conditions as quickly as possible and accepts the educational institution as part of his life.

Surely there are no parents who would not be interested in how their first-grader adapts to a new life - lessons at school. Contact with peers and the teacher, the level of academic performance and interest in knowledge, fatigue and bad dream- all these are elements of adaptation, that is, the student's getting used to the school.

What should adults know about the indicators of such adaptation, its features and their role in this process? Let's try to figure it out.

Indicators of a good psychological adaptation of a child to the first grade are when he happily goes to school, prepares lessons with willingness and patience, regularly and sincerely tells his parents about all school events and activities. If the reaction to school is the opposite, then this is evidence of poor psychological adaptation of the first grader to school and a signal for parents that indicates that the child needs their help.

Both dad and mom should delve into the problems that the first grader talks about. If he does not want to talk about school at all, then you should correctly find out the reasons for such unwillingness, perhaps go to school and talk with the teacher.

It is impossible during the adaptation period to raise your voice to the child, and even more so to ridicule and shame him. Parents are fundamentally wrong, who at this time cite other students as an example who are better able to cope with the learning process. After such comparisons, children, as a rule, withdraw into themselves even more and do not want to share their feelings and anxieties with their parents. And they can harbor hatred towards their classmates, who, according to their parents, cope with everything themselves at school, teach English, and go to music school.

Support and praise, a calm tone of communication with first-graders should be inherent in their parents. Children, feeling the support of their parents, are better able to cope with psychological adaptation, demonstrate success, although not significant. They should always be encouraged and noticed. The phrase “I’ll look later” or “I don’t have time” should not be in the vocabulary of the parents of first-graders. Praise the child for what he has learned, what he has read, in what he has improved.

Help little student if he fails. Find time to show, explain, but do not do tasks instead of the child. Build self-reliance skills.

The physiological adaptation of a student to school is the physical adaptation of their body to a new rhythm and stress. This type of adaptation is divided into several stages:

Physiological storm. The period lasts the first two to three weeks. At this time, the child's body responds to all the loads and innovations with the tension of all its systems. This means that the child is spending most energy resources of the body. This explains the trend of frequent illnesses among schoolchildren in September, especially first-graders.
Unstable fixture. The child's body finds acceptable reactions to new conditions.
Relatively stable fixture. During this period, the body of a first-grader reacts to loads with less stress.

Both parents and teachers tend to underestimate the complexity of the physiological adaptation of children to school. And, nevertheless, according to the observations of doctors, many children lose weight by the end of the first quarter in the first grade, some have a decrease (increase) in blood pressure, headaches. And these are clear signs of overwork, which are most often observed in the first quarter. The difficulty of physiological adaptation to school can also be manifested by the capriciousness of children.

Signs of successful adaptation of the child to school are:

Satisfaction with the learning process: he feels good at school, he goes there with pleasure.
Success in mastering the program. If it is traditional, and the student experiences learning difficulties, then parental and, possibly, the support of a psychologist is indispensable.
The level of independence of the first-grader in the performance of tasks. Often parents show excessive zeal and control, the habit of preparing lessons together for a long time is fixed in the child.
Satisfaction with interpersonal relationships. This refers to the contact with the teacher and classmates, which is very important for further success and support the desire to learn.

Stress and adaptation of the child to school

Quite often, first-graders experience stress during the period of adaptation to school. And children who have not attended kindergarten are especially susceptible to this. First graders experience three types of stress:

Social. This is manifested in the formation of relationships with classmates, the teacher.
Intellectual. It manifests itself when intellectual loads and the acquisition of new knowledge.
Immunological. At the age of seven, children undergo physiological changes in the body, which in itself leads to fatigue and mood swings. And the consequence of this are diseases of strong and healthy children, which are sometimes provoked by the natural exchange of bacteria between classmates.

In order to alleviate all these types of stress, parents should follow certain recommendations developed by psychologists and pediatricians:

Dream. Seven-year-old children need to sleep 10-11 hours a day. At this age, especially in the first half of the school year, daytime sleep is also possible.
Walks and exercise. Best holiday- change of activity, so mental activity must be combined with motor activity. Enrolling in a swimming pool, a sports club will make it easier to survive adaptation at school. Doctors advise first graders to spend at least two hours a day outdoors.
Lesson preparation should be carried out in such a way that after 30 minutes of uninterrupted training, there is a 15-minute break. The peak activity of the brain of children in the first grade falls on 9-12 hours and 16-18 hours. This time should be taken into account by parents when organizing the daily routine.

Adaptation of children with mental retardation to school

Delayed children mental development will be easier to adapt to the first grade when teaching them according to the educational program corresponding to their abilities. We are talking about special correctional programs.

Education of such children under programs of mass general education schools in most cases leads to school maladaptation, especially in the first year of study. School maladaptation is the inability of a student to master the program and behavioral disorders. Such a child perceives himself as a loser. Therefore, the leading role in the normal adaptation of such children to the first grade is played by the organization of their education according to a feasible educational program.

It should be noted that children with mental retardation, according to studies, make up approximately 50% of poor first graders. Schools and classes of correctional and developmental education have been created for such children.

Adapting to a new school

Getting used to a new school, the need to change which is often due to family circumstances, is a strong emotional stress at any age. The transition to another school is always associated with many questions that concern the student: "How will I be perceived in the class?", "Will I like the new teachers?". And at first, the child will definitely compare the old school with the new one. When friends remained there, it will not be easy for a student, even a successful one, to adapt. Therefore, his parents need attention and help in getting used to.

You can, for example, invite new classmates home. Walking and spending time with them should be encouraged.

The problem may be a difference in programs or requirements. Therefore, parents at this time require support and patience, attention to the mood of the child. Perhaps, for the period of adaptation, it will be acceptable to release him from household duties. If your student has become overly irritable, then treat this with understanding. Surely this is a protective reaction of the child's body to stress.

If the irritability is aggravated, for several months the child shows aggression, does not want to talk about the school, then you need to go to the class teacher or the school psychologist (better to both) and ask them for advice.

Adaptation to school after summer holidays

After a three-month rest, it is much more difficult for children to get used to school than for adults to go to work after a vacation. So that they can quickly turn on later in studying proccess, psychologists advise already from mid-August to change the daily routine. It should be the same as in September. The child needs to go to bed earlier and, accordingly, get up at the time at which he usually gets up during the school period. In the second half of August, it is necessary to repeat the previous academic year material, read more.

Over the summer, the child's hand weans from writing, so it is necessary to write several dictations with the child. Let him write an essay at home about the holidays spent and about the best impressions.

In the first days of September, give your student the opportunity to rest after school for an hour or an hour and a half. It is also important to monitor the stay of a son or daughter in the fresh air.

Restless sleep of the child at this time is a symptom of anxiety and fatigue. It will not be superfluous to brew mint tea for the night, a quiet joint pastime in the fresh air. Make sure that your student does not play too active, exciting games an hour or two before bedtime.

Strengthen the children's diet with vitamins in early September. Include more salads and fruits on the menu. Have your child eat a handful of nuts daily to help ease mental stress. Chocolate can also help in intellectual activity. But only black. Pamper your child!

Especially for - Diana Rudenko

Many pass on this fear to their children, who are yet to learn what school is. And the child considers the upcoming changes in his life as something interesting and unknown. Indeed, in terms of its physiological characteristics, a child at this age is more inquisitive than you and I, adults. So let's figure out how we can't extinguish that spark of interest in a child's soul even before school days. We have a whole summer ahead of us.

, compare the school system with the kindergarten, drawing parallels between the child's personal qualities and his future failures in school. Without realizing it, adults, with their fears and parting words “with the best of intentions”, create a negative program for the child of his school life. Each adult has his own (successful or less successful) school experience, and the child will acquire his own. The duty of parents is to protect and help the child in overcoming difficulties along the way. After all, there were funny moments among school days! Your stories about this will only benefit, help relieve the child's tension in front of an unknown future. Funny stories of famous writers, such as V. Dragunsky, V. Golyavkin, E. Uspensky, will also help you.

The home training system operates taking into account the personal qualities of the child, and this is its advantage. Everyone knows the feeling when, after a long rest, you have to rebuild your daily routine and change habits in a hurry. This is always given with great difficulty and causes a natural rejection of impending changes. If we start You can avoid stress and embrace change in a positive way. Also with the preparation of the child for school, it is better to start it from the first month of summer vacation.

Ø organization;

Ø development of communication skills;

Ø independence;

Ø development of learning skills;

Children go through this stage at different speeds; for many, the peak of the crisis falls in the first months of schooling or just in the summer months. It is difficult for a child to control his emotions about entering school, and they are quite diverse. Often there are situations when children begin to actively protest against their growing up, this is manifested both in behavior (imitation of toddlers) and in physiology (urinary and fecal incontinence, speech problems, etc.). Parents should not shame the fidget, especially in the presence of strangers, set him as an example the children of his friends. Everyone goes through this stage differently, but in order to

Games are a great way to get to know your own child better. You can start a good evening tradition of educational board games for children 6-7 years old. It is better to play with the whole family to create a competitive spirit. To develop the child’s vocabulary, you can periodically play “words” with him, this also develops quick wits. Interest in the upcoming studies can be warmed up by role-playing games at school. Trying on the role of a teacher, the child shows his knowledge to adults, and in the role of a student he acquires new knowledge much easier than in a real school.

For this, role-playing games in the store, walking around real stores in order to learn to count are suitable. Everyday mathematics is well mastered everywhere in everyday situations: count the number of berries on a bunch of grapes, clothespins on a rope, divide sweets, dumplings, etc. equally among family members. Arithmetic problems about pies or pieces of a pie, which must be divided equally among all family members, will help the child easily solve abstract math problems for the entire course of elementary school.

You can allocate 15-20 minutes a day for this. It is better to start from the first month of summer, because it takes at least twenty-one days to consolidate stable habits. Acting in accordance with the temperament of the child, methodically and purposefully, you can achieve good results by September.

This feeling is very important in order to make it easier for the child to get used to the school routine. Of course, it is still difficult for a seven-year-old to navigate by minutes, so “special hours” will come to the rescue. This is a watch with a dial, on which, instead of numbers, there will be pictures depicting actions that need to be done at this time of day. In the manufacture of such watches, you can show creativity, ideas are easy to find on the Internet. To make the clock work, you can insert a real mechanism into it, and periodically draw the child's attention to the movement of the hands in a circle. If he is interested in the meaning of the numbers in hours, you can tell him the basics, teach him to determine the time in hours and minutes. In order to teach a child to be organized, you can introduce him to thematic fairy tales, for example, you can read to him “The Tale of Lost Time” by E. Schwartz.

This moment is the most difficult and necessary for the development in the child of independence and the skill of self-service, which is so necessary in school life.

At 6-7 years of age, the child is already capable of doing some household chores. It is necessary to highlight the range of responsibilities that the child must do independently. Let at first it will be one or two things, but you need to make sure that their implementation becomes a habit in the child. It is good if a child at this age has a pet. Then you can entrust him with the right to feed your pet daily and monitor the condition of his home (tray, toilet). It is not necessary for a child to clean up the animal’s feces, but he, as the owner, can monitor the situation and inform an adult in time about the need for cleaning.

Also, it is necessary to allocate to the child the area for which he is responsible when cleaning the house. It can be a corner with his toys, where he establishes his own order, which cannot be interfered with. It is not so important how clean it will be in this area, although it is also necessary to accustom the child to cleanliness and neatness, but this will come with time. The main task is to form in the child a sense of responsibility for things that are in the zone of his attention. A personal example is also important, so parents themselves need to competently distribute household chores among themselves and not be lazy to fulfill them on time.

Prepare your child psychologically for academic success in school. The rest of the teachers will help you.

Good luck dear parents!!!

Teacher primary school the highest category

MBOU secondary school No. 4, Vyazma, Smolensk region

Maksimova Valentina Sergeevna

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How to help your child adjust to school life more easily.

At the end of May, graduations are held in kindergartens, a sonorous summer is ahead. But the parents of future first-graders are worried, they are frightened by the unknown: how will my son or daughter adapt to school conditions? Parents experience natural excitement associated with the entry of the child into the ranks of first graders. modern school causes fear. Lately on everyone’s lips are the Federal State Educational Standards, TESTS, MONITORINGS, EXAMS and other “horror stories” like: “School is not a kindergarten, they will force you to obey, everything is strict there!” Many adults pass on these doubts and fears to their children and grandchildren, who are yet to learn what a school is.
Many pass on this fear to their children, who are yet to learn what school is. And the child considers the upcoming changes in his life as something interesting and unknown. Indeed, in terms of its physiological characteristics, a child at this age is more inquisitive than you and I, adults. So let's figure out how we can't extinguish that spark of interest in a child's soul even before school days. We have a whole summer ahead of us.

You can not set the child negatively, compare the school system with the kindergarten, drawing parallels between the child's personal qualities and his future failures in school. Without realizing it, adults, with their fears and parting words “with the best of intentions”, create a negative program for the child of his school life. Each adult has his own (successful or less successful) school experience, and the child will acquire his own. The duty of parents is to protect and help the child in overcoming difficulties along the way. After all, there were funny moments among school days! Your stories about this will only benefit, help relieve the child's tension in front of an unknown future. Funny stories of famous writers, such as V. Dragunsky, V. Golyavkin, E. Uspensky, will also help you.

What should be paid special attention to?

The home training system operates taking into account the personal qualities of the child, and this is its advantage. Everyone knows the feeling when, after a long rest, you have to rebuild your daily routine and change habits in a hurry. This is always given with great difficulty and causes a natural rejection of impending changes. If we startpreparing for the upcoming changes in advance and graduallyYou can avoid stress and embrace change in a positive way. Also with the preparation of the child for school, it is better to start it from the first month of summer vacation.

Preparation of the child for school is carried out in several directions.:

organization;
development of communication skills;
independence;
development of learning skills;

Emphasis should be placed on the development of the personality of the child.Primary school teachers note that modern children change very quickly, are highly mobile in education, and can fill gaps in their knowledge very quickly. But to teach a child to communicate with other children, to develop in him the best personal qualities that will help successful learning and adaptation in the school environment is the task of parents, not teachers. At home, you can develop a child's independence, sense of time, the ability to defend their interests and many other skills that will help him overcome the crisis of the first year of study.
At the age of 6-7 years, significant physiological and psychological changes occur in the child's body.Children go through this stage at different speeds; for many, the peak of the crisis falls in the first months of schooling or just in the summer months. It is difficult for a child to control his emotions about entering school, and they are quite diverse. Often there are situations when children begin to actively protest against their growing up, this is manifested both in behavior (imitation of toddlers) and in physiology (urinary and fecal incontinence, speech problems, etc.). Parents should not shame the fidget, especially in the presence of strangers, set him as an example the children of his friends. Everyone goes through this stage differently, but in order toto help a preschooler move to a new stage of development, you need to accustom him to innovations gradually.The desire to remain forever in a carefree childhood is based on uncertainty and fear of the future. Therefore, there is no need to climb to the child with endless “needs”, it is better to expand the range of his duties, but at the same time leave room for his interests. Sometimes you can fool around with him, devote more time to joint games, communication with your family.
So, gradually, unobtrusively, we prepare the child for the new status of his life, albeit not a long one, the path:

Exciting games to consolidate acquired knowledge and master new ones.

Develop a child's sense of time.

Distribution of household duties.

This moment is the most difficult and necessary for the development in the child of independence and the skill of self-service, which is so necessary in school life.

Prepare your child psychologically for academic success in school. The rest of the teachers will help you.

Good luck dear parents!!!

Primary school teacher of the highest category

MBOU secondary school No. 4, Vyazma, Smolensk region

Maksimova Valentina Sergeevna