Trichomoniasis in men causes. Trichomoniasis treatment in men drugs course of treatment

In modern venereology, there are several dozen dangerous diseases that are transmitted from one partner to another through sexual contact. One of them is trichomoniasis. It develops due to the ingestion of Trichomonas, a microscopic bacterium, into the body. Of particular danger is trichomoniasis in men. In the absence of high-quality timely treatment, it leads to the appearance of serious complications up to irreversible infertility. Therefore, all representatives of the stronger sex need to remember the features of such a problem and its first signs.

What is a disease?

Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted disease, the development of which is associated with the vital activity of Trichomonas. When this microorganism enters the human body, damage to the urethra is primarily observed. Later, the infection can rise up and spread to the entire genitourinary system.

Active reproduction of Trichomonas in men occurs in the seminal fluid. They secrete a large amount of their waste products, which stop the formation of new spermatozoa and significantly reduce their activity. If treatment is not started on time, there is a high probability of a complete loss of reproductive function.

The presence of trichomonas in men makes them potentially dangerous for sexual partners. During intercourse, the infection is transmitted to a woman, causing her to develop cystitis, pyelonephritis and other complications.

Experts have identified a list of people in whom the manifestation of such a disease is diagnosed most often:

• Those who drink excessive amounts of alcohol or smoke regularly.
• Men with weakened immunity due to various factors.
• Patients with various diseases of the genital organs.
• People who have an active sex life with unverified partners and do not use a condom.

Men at risk should carefully monitor their health and always remember what trichomoniasis is. At the same time, regular medical examinations and timely treatment of all detected problems are shown.

If trichomoniasis is diagnosed in a man, he is obliged to warn his sexual partner about this. Otherwise, it may be regarded as intentional harm to health.

Features of the pathogen

Trichomonas is called the simplest microorganism, which belongs to the class of flagella. With the help of thin flagella, the bacterium quickly moves through the urinary system. This largely determines the rapid development of the disease. Trichomonas do not have distinctive sexual characteristics. Their reproduction occurs by the method of longitudinal division.

The size of one bacterium can range from 13 to 18 microns. Due to this, they can easily penetrate into the intercellular space. Increased plasticity helps them in this.

Trichomonas belong to the group of anaerobic microorganisms. Therefore, for life they do not need the presence of oxygen in the environment. Nevertheless, they can live outside the human body.

A favorable environment for the activity of these protozoa is considered to be the temperature of the environment in the range from 35 to 37 degrees. Bacteria can live not only in the reproductive system, but also penetrate into the vessels. They often masquerade as lymphocytes or platelets, making them difficult for the immune system to recognize.

There are three main types of Trichomonas:

• Vaginal. It poses the greatest threat to humans.
• Intestinal.
• Oral.

The danger of vaginal bacteria for men and women is also that they can carry other pathogenic microorganisms. Often, along with trichomoniasis, people are diagnosed with herpes, ureaplasmosis, gonorrhea and other diseases. In severe cases, infection leads to HIV.

Trichomonas is able to live only in an environment with a high level of humidity. When dried or exposed to sunlight, it dies. Outside the human body, such bacteria can exist for no more than a couple of hours. But even this time is sometimes enough for infection.

The main modes of transmission of infection

No one is immune from trichomoniasis. Experts identify several main ways of infection:

• Contact with body fluids of an infected person. It can be not only vaginal discharge, but also blood, saliva, and so on. Even a simple kiss with an infected partner can be dangerous.
• Sexual intercourse and touching the genitals of a sick person. The microorganism is transmitted both during classical and during anal or oral intercourse.
• On contact with contaminated household items. Since the pathogen can exist outside the human body for some time, there is a possibility of infection when using hygiene items, bed linen, towels and other things of the carrier.
• A child can also infect while passing through the birth canal of a sick mother. Therefore, pregnant women are advised to carefully monitor their health.

It is not easy to cure the disease. Therefore, it is best to try to warn him. And for this, first of all, it is necessary to avoid dangerous situations.

Forms of the course of the disease

Depending on the nature of the course of the disease, the following forms are distinguished:

• Acute. It develops a couple of weeks after the pathogen enters the body. It is characterized by vivid symptoms characteristic of the inflammatory process. The weaker the immune system, the stronger the signs of trichomoniasis in men.
• Subacute. Symptoms are less pronounced. In this regard, it becomes more difficult to identify the disease.
• Chronic. One of the most severe forms of the disease. It develops due to insufficient or untimely therapy. Subsequently, this leads to serious complications that damage men's health. The chronic stage is characterized by a sluggish course. Periods of exacerbation may occur periodically. The transition of the disease to the chronic stage is facilitated by: reduced immunity, hormonal disruptions, hypothermia, improper hygiene of the intimate area, and violation of metabolic processes in the body.
• Trichomonas carrier. This is a condition in which the pathogen lives on the mucous surfaces of the human body, but does not provoke the appearance of any symptoms. Such a man becomes a carrier of the disease and at the same time he himself may not be aware of it. Trichomonas carriers can be temporary and heal on their own. The duration and consequences of such a state are individual for each person.

The method of therapy for each of the forms of the disease is selected individually. To avoid the transition of the problem to the chronic stage, it is necessary to identify the first symptoms in a timely manner and seek help from a specialist.

Symptoms of the disease

To avoid serious health consequences, it is necessary to remember how the presence of trichomonas in men manifests itself. Experts identify a number of main symptoms:

• Pain and burning sensation during emptying of the bladder.
• Aching pain in the genitals, which can be expressed very weakly.
• Separation of secretions from the urethra. Discharge from trichomoniasis may have a yellowish tint due to the admixture of pus in them.
• False urge to urinate. Even after complete emptying of the bladder does not leave the feeling of its fullness.
• An admixture of blood is detected in semen or urine.
• Sometimes men with trichomoniasis develop small sores in the urethra.
• After sexual contact, severe itching appears in the genital area.

A common sexual infection, trichomoniasis is very often diagnosed in the male half of humanity. This is explained by simple reasons - the contagiousness of the pathogen is high, and the symptoms of the disease are poor, so men can suffer from trichomoniasis for a long time and turn to health workers already with the development of complications.

Despite the seriousness of the infection in terms of complications, especially remote ones, timely treatment quickly frees the body from the causative agent of the disease. Trichomoniasis is characterized by inflammation of the organs and tissues of the genitourinary system, can be acute and chronic.

The peculiarity of this infection in men is poor primary symptoms. With a significant progression of the infection and its flow into the chronic stage, lesions of the organs of the genitourinary tract, most often the prostate, come first, which makes the man seek medical help.

The main and most active way of transmission of trichomoniasis is sexual, the susceptibility to Trichomonas is quite high, and the symptoms are poor.

The causative agent of trichomoniasis

The peculiarity of this microorganism lies in the ability to absorb pathogens of other sexual infections, such as ureaplasma, chlamydia, gonococci, Candida fungi, cytomegalovirus, herpes viruses, and provide the latter with protection from drugs and immune system cells. Moreover, mobile trichomonads are capable of spreading pathogenic pathogens throughout the body, causing systemic lesions and a serious decrease in immunity.

Diagnosis of trichomoniasis in the representatives of the stronger sex is based on objective and instrumental diagnostic methods that allow to detect the causative agent of the infection.
Complaints and visual examination of the patient only suggest this diagnosis. Confirmation of the diagnosis of trichomoniasis occurs only on the basis of laboratory data:

• microscopic examination of smears from the urethra;
• microbiological method, including the cultivation of the infectious agent on a nutrient medium
• artificial origin;
• immunological method;
• high-precision polymerase chain reaction.

Symptoms of trichomoniasis in men

Target organs of infection in men are the urethra, testicles and their appendages, prostate, seminal vesicles. Very often, men, without obvious symptoms of the disease, are carriers of Trichomonas and actively transmit them to their sexual partners. The consequence of a long-term persistent infection in the body are such unpleasant complications as non-gonococcal urethritis, chronic prostatitis, chronic inflammation of the epididymis and infertility.

The incubation or latent period varies from 2-200 days. The erased form of trichomoniasis causes a late onset of clinical manifestations that occur due to a decrease in immunity or the accumulation of infections one on top of the other.

Trichomoniasis occurs in the following forms:

• acute, subacute, chronic
• and trichomonas carriers (the most likely form of infection in men).

Most often, with trichomoniasis in men, the symptoms are manifested by unpleasant sensations that accompany the process of urination:

• Burning and cutting, minor
• There are also frequent urges to urinate, especially in the morning, which are false.
• Possible slight discharge from the urethra of a mucous nature

In extremely rare cases, this symptomatology is pronounced, depriving a man of the possibility of normal life and forcing him to urgently turn to doctors. But the weak severity of symptoms explains the reason for the late treatment. If a man suffers from chronic prostatitis, then he does not notice changes in his condition at all, taking the symptoms of trichomoniasis for an exacerbation of prostatitis.

Symptoms of trichomoniasis in men during the course of infection in the form of trichomonas urethritis with damage to the urethra are mild itching and burning after urination or immediately after intercourse. When examining the urethra, its changes are observed - stricture, solid infiltrates. The urethra gradually narrows, and urination proceeds with increasing discomfort.
With an ascending type of infection, the bladder and kidneys are affected.

When the prostate gland is affected, symptoms of prostatitis appear - nagging pain in the gland, frequent and painful urination with a residual feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder, false urge to urinate.

In extremely rare cases, against the background of reduced immunity, ulcerative lesions of the urethral mucosa and median suture can be detected.

Fresh trichomoniasis for about two months becomes chronic or Trichomonas carriers.

The chronic course of trichomoniasis in men is characterized by very few or no symptoms. Probably the development of dysuria with minor pain and a disorder of sexual function.

Complications of trichomoniasis indicate a long course of infection. These include: inflammation of the seminal tubercle and seminal vesicles, prostatitis with inflammation of the excretory ducts of the prostate, cystitis, pyelonephritis, infertility.

There is an assumption that Trichomonas may contribute to the development of prostate cancer

Researchers at the Cancer Center named after Alvin J. Siteman in the USA suggests that persistent trichomonas infection is one of the factors in the occurrence of prostate cancer. Experts have identified a direct relationship between the severity and duration of urogenital trichomoniasis in men and prostate cancer, establishing that chronic trichomoniasis increases the risk of prostate cancer by 40%. The duration and severity of infection persistence is assessed using ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), which determines the concentration of antibodies to Trichomonas. It was also found that Trichomonas are able to influence the PIM 1 proto-oncogene and it can transform into an oncogene and provoke the development of prostate cancer.

Treatment of trichomoniasis in men

Treatment is prescribed by a doctor on an individual basis. In no case should you engage in dangerous self-treatment, since this is fraught with the transition of Trichomonas to a more aggressive and pathogenic form and the course of the disease in atypical and latent forms.

• With trichomoniasis in men, treatment is carried out for any clinical form of infection, regardless of whether there are obvious symptoms or not.
• Mandatory therapy of both sexual partners, including those with negative tests, since immunity to trichomoniasis is extremely unstable and re-infection is possible.
• The duration of treatment is on average 8-12 days, but in the presence of complications and a long-term infection, it may be more protracted.

For drug therapy of trichomoniasis, drugs from the group of 5-nitroimidazoles are used - metronidazole, tinidazole, nimorazole, ornidazole, ternidazole and others, which are prescribed for oral administration. As well as local treatment with creams Rozamet, Rozeks.

In Ukraine, the sexopathology department of the Institute of Urology of the Academy of Medical Sciences studied the efficacy and safety of several antitrichomonas drugs in men with chronic urogenital trichomoniasis - 370 people, aged 21-48 years and disease duration from 3 months to 8 years. All patients were divided into 6 groups:

Stimulating therapy is prescribed in the treatment of chronic and complicated forms of trichomoniasis. These can be immunostimulants and immunocorrectors, which are selected individually.

To correct the immune status, Kagocel was prescribed (see), as well as a hepatoprotector - Legalon (see). To enhance the antibacterial effect due to the presence of the TANK function in Trichomonas, patients were prescribed Clarithromycin (macrolide) for 10 days.

With a significantly pronounced clinical picture, symptomatic therapy (painkillers, antispasmodics) is prescribed to level out discomfort and physiotherapy.

When diagnosing a mixed infection, therapy is carried out against the identified pathogen (, etc.).

The criteria for the cure of trichomoniasis - after 5-7 days after the end of etiotropic therapy, control of cure is carried out - inoculation on an artificial medium and PCR diagnostics of the smear material.

Prevention of trichomoniasis in men

Prevention of trichomoniasis includes general measures necessary to prevent any sexual infection:

• the use of barrier contraception during any type of sexual intercourse;
• timely preventive examination;
• the use of local antiseptics for treating the genitals in case of accidental damage to the integrity of the condom during sexual intercourse (for example,);
• non-admission of self-treatment without a doctor's prescription in the presence of certain symptoms of a sexual infection.

Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted disease. In men, trichomoniasis is almost asymptomatic, so it is often detected at a late stage. Treatment of trichomoniasis should take place under the strict guidance of a doctor: following all his recommendations allows you to cope with the disease quickly enough. Let's talk about how trichomoniasis in men is treated in more detail.

How to treat trichomoniasis in men? It should be immediately noted that the treatment of this disease is carried out according to its own scheme, unlike the treatment regimens for other sexually transmitted infections. This is due to the fact that the disease is caused not by viruses and bacteria, but by special microorganisms from the flagellate family, which, in fact, are representatives of the animal world. If a man has the first symptoms of trichomoniasis, treatment should begin immediately. Very often, the disease occurs with virtually no symptoms, so the ideal option to detect it on time is regular examinations for infections in the body.

Chronic trichomoniasis: treatment

There is no need to treat trichomoniasis on your own: an incorrectly chosen scheme can cause undesirable consequences and aggravate the condition of the body. There are frequent cases when, due to untimely access to a doctor and self-treatment, trichomoniasis from an acute form flowed into a chronic one.

In the treatment of trichomoniasis in men, including chronic, drugs are used to destroy the causative agent of the disease. In the chronic course of the disease, in addition to drugs, procedures are used that eliminate the external symptoms of the disease. The doctor may prescribe ultrasound therapy, urethral instillation, paraffin treatment and a number of other procedures.

Since trichomoniasis also affects the immune system in men, it is cured, including with the help of immunomodulatory drugs, which are taken in combination with other drugs.

How to find out that it is chronic trichomoniasis that develops in the body? This is indicated by a number of symptoms, including:

• frequent colds, fatigue;
• sexual dysfunction, in particular, worsening of erection and decreased libido;
• discharge from the urethra of an unclear nature, often purulent.

It should be noted that trichomoniasis often manifests itself repeatedly, due to the fact that the disease was previously undertreated in one of the partners. In this case, it is treated in the same way as in the acute course of the disease. To avoid relapse, both partners need to undergo treatment, regardless of whether they have symptoms of the disease or not. Recovery can only be judged after a study is completed, which is re-appointed after a course of treatment. If the tests did not reveal the presence of microorganisms, you are healthy.

Treatment of trichomoniasis in men: medications

Treatment of trichomoniasis is carried out, as mentioned above, with the help of special medications. If the disease is acute rather than chronic, medication is usually sufficient.

In the treatment of trichomoniasis in men, various drugs are taken. The main group is nitroimidazoles. Metronidazole is considered the most effective medicine for the stronger sex. For more than half a century, this drug has been helping to cope with the disease caused by Trichomonas. Metronidazole has many different analogues, for example, klion and trichopol. Usually, a single dose of 2 g tablets is enough to get rid of an uncomplicated form of the disease. The doctor, as a rule, prescribes the drug depending on the patient's condition. It happens that he offers to undergo a weekly course of treatment.

Metronidazole is well absorbed by the body and in places where the pathogen is localized, it creates a high concentration. But, unfortunately, the drug also has side effects. For example, heaviness in the stomach, dizziness, sometimes even vomiting.

Tinidazole metronidazole has a similar effect, but this drug has fewer side effects. They can also be prescribed either one-time or for a weekly course of admission: it all depends on the severity of the course of the disease.

It must be remembered that even after treatment for trichomoniasis, there is a high risk of re-infection. That is why men should be attentive to the choice of sexual partners and avoid casual relationships - this will save the stronger sex from unpleasant diseases and, one way or another, the complications that may be associated with them.

How is it manifested and how to treat trichomoniasis in men?

Trichomoniasis in men is the most common sexually transmitted disease. As a rule, the infection enters the body through genital sexual contact, affecting the prostate gland and urethra. Infection during oral and anal intercourse occurs infrequently.

Features of vaginal Trichomonas:

Clinicians identify several routes of infection with trichomoniasis:

1. Contact with the body fluids of an infected person. This can be blood, vaginal discharge, saliva, etc. Even a simple kiss with an infected partner can pose a threat.
2. Personal hygiene items. The pathogen can exist for several hours outside the human body, so there is a (low) probability of infection when using infected hygiene items, towels, bedding and other things of the carrier.
3. During delivery a child can become infected with this pathology from a sick mother.

Incubation period

In the first day after infection, it is almost impossible to confirm the presence of the disease in the body in the laboratory. This is due to the fact that the incubation period is most often asymptomatic and can last from several days to two months. At this time, there are no signs of trichomoniasis.

Subsequently, the disease moves to an early stage, and the doctor, through various diagnostic methods, confirms the presence of the Trichomonas vaginalis bacterium in the body.

flow shapes

This pathology has several forms:

1. Acute. It develops 1-2 weeks after the pathogen enters the body. It is characterized by symptoms characteristic of any inflammatory process. If the immune system is depressed, the signs will be very pronounced.
2. subacute. Symptoms are somewhat less pronounced, which causes certain difficulties in identifying the disease.
3. Chronic. This is a severe form that develops due to untimely or insufficient therapy. Subsequently, this can lead to serious complications.
4. Trichomonas carrier. In this state, the pathogen lives on the mucous membranes of a person, while not provoking the manifestation of symptoms. In this case, the man becomes a carrier of the infection, without even knowing it.

The method of treatment for each form of the disease is selected individually. In order to avoid its transition to the chronic stage, it is necessary to identify the first signs in a timely manner and seek help from a medical institution.

chronic course

Chronic trichomoniasis is the most dangerous form of the disease, since it is characterized by an asymptomatic or asymptomatic course, which is characterized by frequent periods of exacerbation and remission.

As a rule, during the period of exacerbation, there is a sensation of tingling or itching in the genitals, as well as discomfort when urinating. During the period of remission, there are no pathological symptoms. A provoking factor for the development of an exacerbation can be alcohol consumption, hypothermia, heavy physical exertion, hormonal disruptions, and improper hygiene of the intimate area.

In the case of self-medication, refusal of therapy or uncontrolled use of drugs, acute trichomoniasis can become chronic, leading to epididymitis, prostatitis and infertility.

Symptoms

Symptoms of trichomoniasis in men manifest themselves in different ways. The complexity of diagnosing pathology lies in the fact that their signs are not always present, and treatment does not begin on time. In medicine, cases are often detected when a man is a chronic carrier of an infection for several months and there are no symptoms.

The manifestation of this disease:

• the first signs of the disease in men are itching and burning during urination;
• discharge from the urethra. They can be different - light and transparent, whitish and gray, in some cases purulent or in the form of foam;
• single meager discharge occurs in the morning, they look like a transparent drop.

The first symptoms of trichomoniasis are enhanced by eating spicy foods and alcoholic beverages.

• at the opening of the urethra, inflammation and slight swelling can be observed;
• there are pain in the perineum, genitals, rarely - the pain spreads to the pelvic area;
• in some cases, there is a small amount of blood in the urine and semen;
• there is a suppression of sexual desire, a decrease in potency.

Feelings in trichomoniasis are often confused with the symptoms of a disease such as sciatica, and self-treatment is carried out from it, which, as a rule, ends unsuccessfully.

If the disease is not detected in time by the first signs and treatment is not started, serious complications can occur.

These include:

• pain in the testicles and scrotum caused by fever;
• inflammatory processes of the genital organs - swelling and redness of the penis, its head, the appearance of wounds and sores on it;
• inflammatory processes caused by this pathology often lead to prostatitis;
• if the pathogen Trichomonas vaginalis has entered the urethra, an inflammatory process develops, which often leads to urethritis. When the inflammation intensifies or there is no treatment, the organs of the genitourinary system are affected - the ureters, bladder and kidneys;
• as a result of infection in a man, the quality of biological (seed) material decreases and spermatozoa become less mobile. In most cases, these changes lead to infertility that cannot be treated.

Diagnostics

To correctly establish the diagnosis, a comprehensive examination is carried out for the presence of pathogens of trichomoniasis in a man.

Such studies include:

• smears from the urethra;
• microbiological cultivation of the pathogen and its study in an artificial environment;
• immunological research.

In some cases, the results of the study of the general smear have an error, and infection is not detected during its conduct.

Therefore, the doctor prescribes the following additional laboratory tests:

• sowing- when carrying out this method, the smear material is placed in a special environment favorable for pathogens, and they begin to reveal themselves. Such a study is carried out up to a week, it is justified by the high accuracy of the results;
• DIF (direct immunofluorescence)– the accuracy of this analysis is about 70%, the study takes only a few hours;
• PCR (polymerase chain reaction)- this method allows you to identify the DNA of the causative agent of the disease, studies take from two to five days.

Treatment

Treatment of this pathology is carried out only by a venereologist, self-medication is unacceptable, since it can lead to rather serious consequences.

Any attempt to treat yourself or delay treatment dramatically increases the chance of acquiring forms of trichomoniasis that are dangerous to human health. In this case, the disease will proceed in an asymptomatic or atypical format.

Immediately after diagnosing the disease, the specialist draws up an individual treatment regimen. Moreover, therapy is carried out both in relation to the patient and in relation to his partner, regardless of what his results of the analysis are. If the examination of the partner showed a negative result, the treatment of the pathology is still prescribed, since the resistance of immunity to Trichomonas is low and there is a risk of re-infection.

With the usual course of the disease, treatment lasts about two weeks, but if the disease has become chronic or there are complications, then it is difficult to predict the duration of therapy.

Tablets

Treatment of this pathology includes the use of various antibacterial agents. To cure the disease in men, the following drugs are used according to the scheme:

• based on metronidazole. This substance is part of Trichopolum, Flagyl, Metrogil and other means. The chronic form of this disease is treated with their intravenous administration. The course of therapy - 10 days;
• based on trinidazole. This group includes Tridazole, Ametin, Fazizhin and other drugs. These agents are capable of penetrating inside microorganisms, disrupting their DNA. Such an impact makes their vital activity impossible;
• based on tenonitrozole. These drugs include Atrikan. The drug is available in the form of capsules that dissolve in the intestine. Duration of treatment - 4 days;
• complex means for the treatment of pathology, which include several potent components at once. These are medicines Klion-D, Ganalgin, Macmirror and others;
• to enhance the effect from antibiotics, the following drugs can be prescribed: Solkotrikhovak Porogenal, etc. Their use allows you to develop temporary immunity to this disease. Porogenal is a complex preparation. It is produced in two forms: solution for injection and suppositories for rectal administration;
• immunomodulating agents. In the treatment of sexually transmitted diseases, immunomodulatory drugs are prescribed simultaneously with antibiotics. A good therapeutic effect is the use of Kagocel, infusion of ginseng and magnolia vine;
• ointment treatment. Effective ointments help to overcome the pathogen and relieve the unpleasant symptoms of the disease. They are used as an additional therapeutic agent. These drugs include Clotrimazole, Clindamycin, Metrogyl-gel and some others.

Treatment of chronic trichomoniasis requires long-term use of various drugs. Sometimes the causative agents of pathology are resistant to certain types of medicines, so the doctor prescribes additional therapeutic methods. Only a comprehensive treatment of the disease can stop the spread of pathology throughout the genitourinary system.

Physiotherapy techniques

Trichomoniasis requires immediate therapy, physiotherapy will be a good addition to drug treatment.

Most often, specialists prescribe the following procedures:

• electrophoresis;
• prostate massage.

These manipulations are carried out in a medical institution. During this period, men should refrain from sexual intercourse.

Complications in men

Treatment of this pathology should be started immediately, otherwise there is a risk of serious complications, among which you can meet:

1. Urethritis- a disease in which the site of localization of the focus of infection is the urethra.
2. Pyelonephritis- an inflammatory disease of the kidneys, which has several forms.
3. prostatitis in chronic form. The causative agent of infection affects the prostate gland, which adversely affects the process of urination, as well as erectile function. A patient with such a problem is waiting for a complex and lengthy treatment.
4. Vesiculitis- inflammation of the seminal vesicles. This pathology affects the quality and activity of spermatozoa, which often leads to problems with the fertilization of the egg.
5. prostate cancer. If there is no therapy, the development of oncology is possible.
6. Infertility- one of the most severe complications provoked by trichomoniasis. In the absence of a full-fledged treatment, the reproductive function of a man can be lost forever.

Folk remedies

Medicines for trichomoniasis can be supplemented with effective proven traditional medicine. It is strictly forbidden to use them as a substitute for drug therapy, since they can only act as part of complex therapy.

The most effective means:

1. Five tablespoons of pharmaceutical chamomile pour 400 ml of boiling water. After 2-3 hours of infusion, the product must be filtered. Take this infusion inside 120 ml twice a day (morning and evening), half an hour before meals. Such a healing decoction has a good effect on the initial stage of the disease.
2. Mix four tablespoons of dried eucalyptus raw materials with the same amount of tansy. To this mixture add 2 tbsp. spoons of yarrow and 3 dessert spoons of sophora. One st. pour a spoonful of the mixture with 200 ml of boiling water. Insist 30 minutes. Filter before use. Take a decoction of 2 tbsp. spoons 3 times a day one hour before meals. Treatment with this composition lasts at least three weeks.
3. Mix one table at a time. a spoonful of raw calendula, celandine, bird cherry, lilac flowers. One spoonful of the collection pour 200 ml of water, boil for 5-7 minutes. Filter the prepared broth and apply for sitz baths. The duration of the procedure is about 20 minutes. The course of treatment is a month.
4. Dissolve a spoonful of 9% vinegar in 1 liter of warm water. The solution is used for the bath. The duration of the procedure is 10-15 minutes. Repeat once every 12 hours.

Prevention

Prevention of trichomoniasis is primarily protected sexual intercourse.

To avoid infection with this pathology, you need to know the following:

• the probability of infection through unprotected sexual contact is 80-90%;
• the disease is not transmitted by contact;
• it is possible (rarely) to become infected in a household way without observing the rules of personal hygiene;
• the use of foreign objects (bathing accessories) of an infected person can lead to the development of the disease;
• pathogens die at t below 31 0 C, as well as above 43 0 C;
• 100% protection against infection with trichomoniasis is contraception and ignoring casual sex;
• with treatment that creates an unfavorable environment for reproduction, microorganisms are able to transform into a cyst form.

If a condom is damaged during sexual intercourse, you should immediately treat the penis with any antiseptic preparation and contact a specialist for a full examination within a few days.

Self-medication does not guarantee a cure for the infection; in this case, Trichomonas become more resistant to antibacterial drugs, and the disease is more difficult to cure.

Men should clearly understand that trichomoniasis is a pathology that can cause many serious complications, including complete infertility. Therefore, when signs of this disease appear, you need to consult a venereologist. At the initial stage of the disease, you can limit yourself to taking pills.

Trichomoniasis is an STD. Sexual transmission is the most common.

Genital, oral, anal, or even finger contact with the reproductive organs of an infected person may be enough to cause infection. Oral and anal intercourse, according to most venereologists, is less contagious than traditional sex.

The causative agent of the disease Trichomonas is able to survive for several hours in the presence of moisture. This makes the possibility of getting infected from dirty dishes, syringes, in pools and bathtubs, from toilet seats quite real. But due to the peculiarities of the anatomy, this method is more inherent in women.

Men are most often infected through genital sex. Many doctors believe that trichomonas is the only one among STIs whose ability to infect households is proven.

True, with a small degree of probability. This refers to someone else's underwear, a shared towel or washcloth.

The incubation period is usually from 3 days to 4 weeks. Male and female trichomoniasis has different manifestations.

Symptoms of varying degrees: slight irritation, sometimes reaching inflammation. According to statistics, for about 70% of men with trichomoniasis are asymptomatic.

What is the causative agent of trichomoniasis

Trichomonas vaginalis is called the pathogen. Trichomonas often lives in the female body in the vagina. Therefore, it is called vaginal. This is a unicellular microbe belonging to the genus Trichomonas, class Flagella. Their length is about twenty microns, sometimes up to forty.

The presence of flagella and undulating movements of the membrane of the pathogen contribute to the formation of pseudopodia, which help penetration into the space between cells.

There is no presence of Trichomonas in addition to the organs of the MPS. They are very unstable to the environment and open space.

Features in men

Again, 70-80% of male trichomoniasis is asymptomatic. Therefore, there is an opinion that the male half of humanity does not get sick at all. Reality is quite different.

Men often suffer from trichomoniasis. They become infected through sexual contact with an infected woman, that is, the infection has a high contagiousness.

The main feature and danger of the disease is its oligosymptomatic course, sometimes an imperceptible transition from an acute form to a chronic one. An asymptomatic course leads to a late visit to the doctor, which is fraught with the development of dangerous complications. Therefore, often the appearance of urination problems is the reason for going to the doctor. And this is chronic trichomoniasis, with damage to the prostate and the entire genitourinary tract.

Trichomonas vaginalis is tenacious, in the presence of sufficient humidity in the environment, for about an hour. Bathrooms, public restrooms, baths and swimming pools are unlikely but still possible routes of infection. This should be remembered and not be surprised if trichomoniasis is detected in the absence of sexual intercourse.

Wet linen or towels can become infected by a carrier of trichomoniasis.

There are two variants of male genital lesions:

• asymptomatic;
• trichomonas inflammation of the urethra.

The asymptomatic variant is trichomonas carriers. Most often, it is harmless to an infected male. But sometimes, imperceptibly, Trichomonas carriage leads to complications. In addition, for a very long time the carrier is not even aware of his status and infects others.

The phenomena of urethritis are most often very subtle.

Untreated acute urethritis progresses to virtually asymptomatic chronic urethritis within a maximum of two weeks. No one has yet figured out the reasons for the further development of the disease.

Urethritis or everything ends (spontaneous cure), or the overlying parts of the male genitourinary system are affected. Experts have not yet figured out the reasons for the asymptomatic course of trichomoniasis. It is believed that the male urethra is less comfortable for Trichomonas than the female vagina. In addition, the pathogen is washed out of the male urethra, which does not happen in women from the vagina.

The behavior of the pathogen depends on the degree of aggressiveness of a particular subspecies of Trichomonas and the immune response of the infected male. In addition to urethritis, trichomonas can also cause balanoposthitis. This is especially true for long periods of time.

Balanoposthitis is characterized by itching, hyperemia of the glans penis and superficial ulceration on it.

Deep ulcers on the head of the penis are formed only when balanoposthitis is running. Therefore, it is better to diagnose and treat the infection early.

What to take tests for men with suspected trichomoniasis

Examine scrapings from the urethra.

Urination is unacceptable for three hours before scrapings are taken. Scrapings are taken for microscopic, cultural and molecular genetic studies. For microscopic examination, biomaterial is taken to identify the pathogen. Conduct a microscopic examination of scrapings on a glass slide.

During the first hour after receiving the biomaterial, a “wet” smear, that is, an unstained biomaterial, is examined.

It serves to determine the mobile cells of live Trichomonas. Such a study is effective in the acute period of trichomoniasis. In the acute period, this method is characterized by sensitivity - 70% and specificity - 100%. Mobility decreases with time and in the asymptomatic form (70 to 30%). Sometimes not native material is subjected to research, but already painted. There is a search under the magnification of the microscope for specific Trichomonas cells.

The size, shape and color of the studied cells are taken into account. But we must remember that sometimes the pathogen becomes similar in shape to an amoeba. Therefore, for microscopic examination, an experienced laboratory assistant is very desirable, who has seen Trichomonas many times through a microscope.

Cultural research is considered the gold standard, that is, sowing in a nutrient medium. This study is very informative if trichomoniasis is practically asymptomatic. If microscopic examination has not yielded results, this method is also used.

The cultural study is sensitive - about 95%.

The duration of the study (a week or even more) is characterized by the negative aspects of this method. The molecular genetic research method includes PCR and other reactions that allow the detection of DNA (RNA) segments in scrapings. The method has a lower sensitivity than the cultural study - about 90%. But to increase the likelihood of detecting an infection, both PCR and a cultural study are done.

Antibodies to the pathogen are determined by a serological blood test. It is necessary for a comprehensive assessment together with the results of the first three methods. Its disadvantage is low efficiency.

The advantages are that antibodies to Trichomonas are present in the blood even a year after infection. After such a large amount of time, it is possible to determine whether a person had Trichomonas in the body or not.

How to Diagnose

In men, if symptoms are present, they are:

• there is a slight discharge from the urethra, pale yellow or gray-green;
• these secretions smell like fish or mold;
• the penis itches a little and burns;
• sexual contact is very painful;
• urination becomes frequent and painful;
• the tip of the penis becomes hyperemic;
• discomfort in the lower third of the abdomen.

To make a diagnosis, a man, first of all, is subjected to a thorough examination of the penis and the necessary tests are prescribed, which were mentioned above.

When you are in a scraping from the urethra of Trichomonas, a study on other popular STIs is mandatory.

That is, pathogens of gonorrhea, chlamydia, HIV infection and the like. After all, Trichomonas can "absorb" STIs with their legs and "hide" it from macrophages of the immune system.

There are lesions of the urethra, testicles and their appendages, the prostate gland and the phenomenon of vesiculitis. Quite a common phenomenon is asymptomaticity, in fact - Trichomonas carriers with high contagiousness.

In men, the symptoms are always less pronounced, so they are more likely to infect their sexual partners than women of men. They do not even know that they are Trichomonas carriers. And during sexual intercourse they infect their partners. The incubation period is characterized by a large time frame - from two to two hundred days.

Trichomoniasis in an erased form gives an unexpressed clinical picture. This is a consequence of a poor immune response or the action of several infections at once. Long-term presence of Trichomonas in the body of a man can often lead to non-gonococcal urethritis, chronic inflammation of the prostate gland, lesions in the epididymis or infertility.

Male trichomoniasis is acute, subacute and chronic.

Men often tend to only carry the infection. In the acute phase, trichomonas urethritis is observed with symptoms of damage to the urethra. Very rarely, if the immune system is severely reduced, ulceration of the urethral mucosa is found. After two months, acute trichomoniasis becomes chronic, or the man passes into the stage of the carrier of the pathogen. In the chronic form, trichomoniasis is either asymptomatic or asymptomatic. Often develops dysuria with slight pain and sexual dysfunction.

Trichomonas carriage is characterized by the absence of any symptoms. With pronounced symptoms, a man always turns to a specialist doctor for help.

The situation is worse when the symptoms of the disease are mild or absent altogether. Against the background of chronic prostatitis, which arose before Trichomonas entered the body of a man, the picture of the disease is blurred. And a man, in case of exacerbation, considers the situation to be an exacerbated prostatitis. Often, it is exacerbations that cause a visit to a specialist.

Complications

Complications often arise if the visit to the doctor was untimely. If trichomoniasis is diagnosed in the chronic stage and there was uncontrolled self-medication.

It threatens:

• inflammation of the seminal vesicles;
• inflammation of the ducts in the prostate;
• cystitis;
• prostatitis;
• pyelonephritis;
• and even infertility.

According to many researchers, if the male reproductive organs are affected by oncological diseases, then this is also the influence of trichomoniasis.

To analyze the intensity of the spread of trichomoniasis, the ELISA method is used, which shows whether or not there are antibodies to the pathogen in the bloodstream.

Treatment methods

A good doctor always has a specific treatment. Each sick man, based on the characteristics of the course of the disease and his body, draws up his own treatment regimen. It is better to treat two at once: both a man and a woman. Maximum two weeks course of treatment. The terms of treatment increase if there are complications or there were errors in the choice of drugs for treatment.

Directions for the treatment of trichomoniasis in men:

• taking drugs in the form of tablets;
• intravenous medication;
• the urethra is instilled with therapeutic solutions;
• the urethra is treated with antitrichomonas drugs;
• administration of medicinal preparations by means of intramuscular injections;
• physiotherapy effect.

How are they treated

Important conditions for the successful treatment of trichomoniasis:

• any, even asymptomatic form, needs mandatory treatment;
• persistent immunity is absent (re-infection is always possible;
• if there is infection with other STIs, then they must also be treated;
• strictly observe the rules for taking medications prescribed by the doctor;
• be treated only on doctor's orders, remember that improper therapy on the advice of non-specialists can only worsen the condition;
• refuse to take any alcoholic beverages;
• taking drugs of general and local action should be combined, since the former destroy Trichomonas throughout the body, and the latter help fight local manifestations of the disease;
• completion of the entire course prescribed by the doctor.

Self-cancellation of treatment, when there are no symptoms of the disease, is unacceptable. Just one live Trichomonas and the return of trichomoniasis is quite likely.

Trichomonas is not a bacterium, it is not affected by antibacterial drugs. The patient takes special drugs, adhering to the scheme. The use of only local treatment, without a general one, does not give a positive result. Ointments or proctological suppositories alone are ineffective.

After the course of treatment, you can not have sex for a week.

The body is still too weak and susceptible to any infection. Of the tablet preparations, metronidazole, tinidazole, nimorazole, ornidazole, iernidazole and other drugs from the group of 5-nitroimidazoles are used.

Creams Rozamet and Rozeks trichomoniasis are treated topically.

Preparations, dosage and duration of use are selected only by the attending venereologist. Kagocel or hepatoprotector Legalon, in chronic and complicated forms, increase the immune status and improve liver function. Five days continued use of macrolide Clarithromycin. By this we get an antibacterial effect, against another, often concomitant infection. If the symptoms are severe, then the use of painkillers and antispasmodics is typical. A week after treatment, a control analysis is done (seeding and PCR analysis).

Folk methods of treatment

You need to be treated only by a doctor, effective proven drugs. Alternative methods of treatment are only auxiliary therapy. Use the juice of garlic and aloe, tincture of chamomile or calendula flowers.

Effective collection containing eucalyptus, yarrow, sophora, tansy. Local baths for the penis are prepared on the basis of celandine and other herbs, baths based on 9% vinegar are also effective. Honey is also very popular. It is absorbed or baths are made.

Consequences

What will happen if during the year trichomoniasis is not treated or is not treated effectively enough? This threatens with all sorts of complications - prostatitis, swelling of the penis and testicles, impotence and even infertility.

Long-term presence of Trichomonas in the male body weakens his immune response. This is a good reason for infection with other dangerous infections, such as gonococcus. It also increases the risk of contracting HIV. Strongly neglected cases threaten with depletion of the body, anemia and oxygen starvation of tissues, exacerbations of cystitis and pyelonephritis.

Preventive actions

To avoid problems in the future, you need to take care of preventive measures.

There is a public prevention:

• educational and outreach work among people about safe sex,
• constant control and monitoring of people belonging to the risk group;
• educational measures to form the correct behavior with sexual partners;
• identification of STI distributors.

People with homosexual relationships, all kinds of homeless people, medical workers who work with blood products are at risk. Prostitutes, drug addicts and people with non-traditional sexual orientation are subject to mandatory examination. In order to detect STIs at an early stage, including Trichomonas.

Preventive measures for the male population are as follows:

• urinate within the first two hours after sexual contact;
• Miramistin solution disinfects the urethra for five minutes (instillation is carried out).

The main thing to remember is that trichomoniasis and any STI is easier to prevent than to treat.