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The poem “I learned to live simply, wisely” was one of the first famous works then a young poetess. She was preparing to become a mother, turned from a girl into a wise woman - and she reflected all this in a poetic form. Brief analysis“I learned to live simply, wisely” according to a plan that can be used in a literature lesson in grade 8, will show how this matured poetess saw the world, what she dreamed and prayed about.
Brief analysis
History of creation- Akhmatova wrote this poem when she lived in the estate that belonged to her husband, Nikolai Gumilyov. Obviously, he, a travel lover, just set off to conquer the world, leaving his wife to keep the family hearth. Her sadness due to the lack of understanding and disappointment in her husband became the basis for this work.
Topic- the main theme is the heroine's thoughts about her life, her longing for a normal family hearth.
Composition The poem consists of four stanzas. The first is the beginning, the next two tell about the life of the lyrical heroine, and the third summarizes her state of mind. Thus, we can talk about a three-part composition.
genre- a lyric poem.
epithets – “unnecessary alarm”, “yellow-red rowan”, “jolly poems”, “perishable life”, fluffy cat”, “bright fire”, “lake sawmill”.
Metaphors – “tire anxiety”, “fire lights up”, “scream cuts through silence”.
Inversion – “and a bright fire flares up on the turret of the lake sawmill“.
History of creation
By the time this poem was written, Akhmatova had already developed quite tense relations with Nikolai Gumilyov - it is with this fact that his history of creation is connected. The windy husband left for another trip, leaving his wife in his estate in Slepnevsky. Anna was lonely, she walked a lot and wrote, among the poem written in 1912 was the poem “I learned to live simply, wisely”, which was included in the collection “Evening” published in the same year. The poetess did not hide the fact that she was deeply disappointed in her husband, but still hoped that the resumption of her former life, since she still had deep feelings for Gumilyov.
Topic
The lyrical heroine of this work yearns for a family hearth - this is its main theme. She tries to appease the longing, considering it already unnecessary, she tries to give up her feelings for her lover and find solace in nature and the usual everyday life. But still, she would like to become really calm - and therefore speaks of her peace as what really happens to her.
Composition
The composition of this verse is three-part. In the first opening stanza, she speaks of her desire to find peace as an already accomplished fact. The next two stanzas are a description of what a quiet life she leads, walking and admiring autumn nature, and then returning to the warm hearth and affectionate cat.
But the end of the verse shows her insecurity in the newfound peace: she seems to have forgotten her past experiences and is even ready for what she won’t hear when her beloved knocks on her door, but the phrase “it seems to me”, used in the last line, completes the consistently developing composition the thought that her peace of mind is still unsteady. This is the main idea of the work.
genre
This is a lyrical poem with elements of landscape lyrics, which describes the feelings of the poetess, her mental anguish and desire to find peace.
The work is written in iambic pentameter with precise rhyme, which helps to convey the emotional state and show that the lyrical heroine is in a calm and peaceful, but still rather unsteady mental mood.
means of expression
In this poem, the poetess uses a variety of means of expression that help her to convey the experiences of the lyrical heroine as fully as possible. These are such classic tricks as:
- epithets- “unnecessary anxiety”, “yellow-red mountain ash”, “jolly poems”, “perishable life”, fluffy cat”, “bright fire”, “lake sawmill”.
- Metaphors- “to tire anxiety”, “the fire lights up”, “a cry cuts through the silence”.
- Inversion- "and a bright fire flares up on the turret of the lake sawmill."
Poem Test
Analysis Rating
Average rating: 4.5. Total ratings received: 19.
Anna Akhmatova
I learned to live simply, wisely
YOU GAVE ME A DIFFICULT YOUTH
... I was born at the dacha of Sarakini (Big Fountain, 11th station of the steam engine) near Odessa. The seashore is steep there, and the rails of the steam engine ran along the very edge ...
... In the same year as Charlie Chaplin, Tolstoy's Kreutzer Sonata, the Eiffel Tower and, it seems, Eliot. This summer, Paris celebrated the centenary of the fall of the Bastille - 1889. On the night of my birth, the ancient Midsummer Night, June 23 (Midsummer Night), was and is still being celebrated. They called me Anna in honor of Anna Egorovna Motovilova's grandmother.
…My father was a retired Navy mechanical engineer at the time.
As a one-year-old child, I was transported to the north - to Tsarskoye Selo.
My first memories are those of Tsarskoye Selo: the green, damp splendor of the parks, the pasture where my nanny took me, the hippodrome, where small motley horses galloped, the old railway station ...
Anya Gorenko. 1900 Sevastopol.
The first time I started writing my biography was when I was 11 years old, in my mother's red-lined book, to record household expenses (1900). When I showed my notes to the elders, they said that I remember being almost a two-year-old child ...
Anna Akhmatova, From Notebooks 
Music station in Pavlovsk.
The smells of the Pavlovsky railway station. Doomed to remember them all her life as a deaf-blind-mute. The first is smoke from the antediluvian train that brought me ... park, salon de musique (which was called "salty man"), the second - rubbed parquet, then something smelled from the hairdresser's, the third - strawberries in the station shop (Pavlovskaya!), fourth - mignonette and roses (coolness in stuffiness), fresh wet boutonnieres, which are sold in a flower kiosk (to the left), then cigars and greasy food from the restaurant.
I wrote the first poem when I was 11 years old (it was monstrous), but my father used to call me for some reason "decadent poetess"...
... Poems began for me not with Pushkin and Lermontov, but with Derzhavin ("On the Birth of a Porphyrogenic Child") and Nekrasov ("Frost, Red Nose"). My mother knew these things by heart.
Tsarskoye Selo. Lyceum wing. I studied at the Tsarskoye Selo Women's Gymnasium. First badly, then much better, but always reluctantly.
Anna Akhmatova, From "Autobiographical Prose"
You can't believe your eyes when you read that St. Petersburg stairs always smelled of burnt coffee. There were often tall mirrors, sometimes carpets. In not a single St. Petersburg house did the stairs smell of anything but the perfume of passing ladies and the cigars of passing gentlemen. The comrade probably meant the so-called "back door" (now, basically, it has become the only one) - it really could smell of anything there, because the doors from all the kitchens went there. For example, pancakes on Maslyana, mushrooms and vegetable oil in Lent, Neva smelt - in May. When they cooked something fragrant, the cooks opened the door to the back stairs - "to let out the children" (that's what they called it), but still, the back stairs smelled, alas, most often of cats.
Anna Akhmatova, From "Autobiographical Prose" 
This is what Nevsky Prospekt looked like in Last year calendar of the nineteenth century, when his father brought ten-year-old Anya Gorenko from Tsarskoye Selo to St. Petersburg to take her to an exhibition or to the theater (Andrey Antonovich Gorenko was an avid theatergoer).
Gorenko family. I. E. Gorenko, A. A. Gorenko, in the arms of Rick, Inna, Anna, Andrey. Around 1894 The marriage of Anna Akhmatova's parents - Inna Erazmovna Stogova and Andrei Antonovich Gorenko - was not happy. Andrei Antonovich, a handsome man and a bon vivant, lived for his own pleasure, not counting, spending his wife's dowry money, and did not deprive a single pretty young woman of his attention. Inna Erazmovna, tormented by her husband's indifference to both her and the children, lived as if in a dream. And the children fell ill with tuberculosis one by one. Inna (1886-1906), who married early, died out from an evil consumption. Irina, at home Rika, died as a child in 1896. Then the eldest, Andrei, and Anna, and Iya also fell ill. Anna recovered (Akhmatova believed that increased thyroid), and Iya - died, in the arms of her mother, in Sevastopol. Inna Erazmovna went mad, stricken with grief and extreme poverty, she had nothing to bury her daughter in, she didn’t even have a shirt! In 1922, she moved from Sevastopol to her older sister Anna Vakar, near Kyiv; the Vakarov estate was confiscated, but the peasants took pity on the poor gentlemen and allowed them to live in the former forester's lodge. In 1927, the youngest son Victor, at that time he lived on Far East called his mother to him.
Anna Andreevna, although in the family she was considered a father's daughter (for her tall stature, posture, not a clear female mind), she inherited a lot from her mother: bright eyes with dark, very thick hair and eyelashes, impracticality, and most importantly, kindness.
Inna Erazmovna Gorenko, nee Stogova. Mother of A. A. Akhmatova. A sketch for a portrait of a young mother, apparently on the eve of marriage, Anna Akhmatova sketched in one of the Northern Elegies:
And a woman with transparent eyes (Such a deep blue that the sea One cannot but remember, looking into them) ... ... C the rarest name and a white pen, And the kindness that I seem to have inherited from her, An unnecessary gift of my cruel life ...
In 1905, my parents separated, and my mother and children went south. We spent a whole year in Yevpatoriya, where I was at home taking the penultimate class of the gymnasium, yearning for Tsarskoye Selo ... The echoes of the Revolution of the Fifth Year came deaf to Yevpatoriya, cut off from the world. The last class was held in Kyiv, at the Fundukleevskaya gymnasium, which I graduated in 1907 ... All this time (with rather long breaks) I continued to write poetry, putting numbers over them for an unknown purpose.
Gorenko family. 1909 From left to right: Anna, Andrey (brother), Inna Erazmovna (mother), Victor (brother), Iya (sister). I entered the Faculty of Law of the Higher Women's Courses in Kyiv. As long as I had to study the history of law and especially Latin, I was content; when purely legal subjects began, I lost interest in the courses.
Anna Akhmatova, From "Autobiographical Prose" 
Andrey Gorenko (Akhmatova's older brother).
Anna from childhood was very friendly with her older brother. There was not only kindred affection, but also a deep spiritual kinship. He was friends with Andrei Andreevich and Nikolai Gumilyov. By a strange coincidence, it was Nikolai Stepanovich who informed Akhmatova about the death of his beloved brother (Andrey Gorenko committed suicide in 1920, in Athens, after his only child died).
In her youth, Anna Akhmatova did not like to remember or talk about her by no means rosy childhood. She did not like early poems either, they seemed monstrous to her. So monstrous that once she burned them, sparing only a few poems dedicated to Nikolai Gumilyov. Then, however, she regretted it and tried to restore the burnt lines from memory.
FROM THE FIRST NOTEBOOK They didn't let me sleep all night, They spoke anxiously, loudly, Someone was going on a long journey, Taking away a sick child. And the mother in the half-dark porch She broke her withered fingers And for a long time she searched in the dark For a clean bonnet and a blanket. 1909(?), Kyiv
That any desired and everyday thing in their careless house they searched for a long time and found it with difficulty, Anna noted with unchildish vigilance. One of Andrei Antonovich Gorenko's friends testifies:
“It was a strange family ... A lot of children. Mother, a rich landowner, kind, absent-minded to the point of stupidity, careless, always thinking of something else ... The house is a mess. They eat when they have to, there are many servants, but there is no order. The governesses did what they wanted. The mistress wanders about like a somnambulist. Once, when moving to another house, she carried for a long time in her hands a thick package with interest-bearing papers worth several tens of thousands of rubles, and at the last minute found a suitable place for it - she put the package in a children's bath, dangling behind the wagon. When the husband found out about this, he rushed off in a cab to catch up with the dray. And his wife watched in surprise, why was he worried, and even angry.
Anna Gorenko is a high school student. 1904 Tsarskoye Selo. Anna, in childhood strongly attached to her father, in adolescence was entirely on the side of her mother.
“... We met Anya in Hungerburg, then a rather fashionable resort near Narva. Anya was a thin, short-haired girl, unremarkable, rather quiet and withdrawn.
Friendship came later, when we lived in the same house in Tsarskoe Selo, near the station, on the corner of Shirokaya Street and Bezymyanny Lane.
Anya wrote poetry and changed a lot internally and externally. She became slender, with a lovely fragile figure, with black, long and thick hair, straight as seaweed, with large bright eyes that stood out strangely against the background of black hair and dark eyebrows and eyelashes. She was a tireless wanderer-walker, climbed like a cat and swam like a fish.
V. S. Sreznevskaya (nee Tyulpanova), From the memories * * * My night is nonsense about you, Day is indifferent: let it be! I smiled at fate, sending me sadness. Yesterday's fumes are heavy, Will I soon burn out, It seems that this fire Will not turn into a dawn. How long shall I fight in the fire, Secretly cursing the distant one?... In my terrible trap You will not see me. 1909, Kyiv FORGOTTEN QUADOURTE Your crazy eyes And icy speeches, And a declaration of love Even before the first meeting. 1909(?) * * * The merry-go-round revolves colorfully, And some new children From centuries that have not yet been Decorate the fir-tree on Christmas Eve. From the draft version of "Poem without a Hero"
“Anna met Kolya Gumilyov on Christmas Eve ... We left the house, Anya and I with my younger brother, to buy some decorations for the Christmas tree, which we always had on the first day of Christmas. Near Gostiny Dvor we met with the Gumilyov boys ... Having met them on the street, we went further together, Mitya and I, Anya and Kolya, for shopping.
“I learned to live simply, wisely…” Anna Akhmatova
I learned to live simply, wisely,
Look up to the sky and pray to God
And wander long before evening,
To relieve unnecessary anxiety.When burdocks rustle in the ravine
And a bunch of yellow-red rowan droops,
I compose funny poems
About life perishable, perishable and beautiful.I'm coming back. Licks my hand
Fluffy cat, purring sweeter,
And a bright fire lights up
On the tower of the lake sawmill.Only occasionally cuts through the silence
The cry of a stork flying onto the roof.
And if you knock on my door,
I don't think I can even hear.
Analysis of Akhmatova's poem "I learned to live simply, wisely ..."
Anna Akhmatova is one of the few Russian poetesses of the 20th century who, in her works, was able to prove that women are able to feel the world around them much deeper, and their personal experiences are much stronger than those of the stronger sex. Her first collection of poems called "Evening", which was published in 1912, was released in a small edition, but brought Akhmatova popularity in literary circles. From now on, she was no longer perceived solely as the wife of the poet Nikolai Gumilyov, with whom by that time the 23-year-old Akhmatova had developed a very difficult and even hostile relationship.
One of the works that was included in the collection "Evening" was the poem "I learned to live simply, wisely ...", which is a vivid illustration of the spiritual development of the poetess. In less than a year, she turned from a romantic provincial girl into an adult and experienced woman preparing to become a mother. Even the passion for poetry during this period fades into the background, as Anna Akhmatova begins to appreciate the simple joys of life, dreams of family comfort and well-being. However, she will be severely disappointed, since Nikolai Gumilyov is by nature a romantic and an avid traveler. He is not interested in constantly sitting next to his young wife, portraying an exemplary family man, since there are still so many unknown and amazing things in the world! As a result, Anna Akhmatova gradually learns to cope with all sorts of everyday problems and manage the household on her own, which is why the lines are born: “I learned to live simply, wisely.”
Developing this theme the poetess notes that her destiny is “to look at the sky and pray to God”. What are these prayers about? Apparently, about family happiness, which the poetess so desired, realizing at the same time that she agreed to become the wife of a man for whom the hearth is not of particular value. She prays in order to "tire out unnecessary anxiety", which, apparently, is caused by another separation from her husband, who went in search of adventure. And the realization that now she needs to learn to be strong and independent causes Akhmatova to have a mixed feeling of determination, sadness and disappointment. But the poetess understands that this is the only way she can become a truly wise and free woman, able to manage her own life.
Torn between the desire to gain independence and family happiness, in the poem “I learned to live simply, wisely ...” Akhmatova uses several symbols that she associates with the hearth. First of all, this is a fluffy cat who licks her palm at home and “purrs sweeter”. In addition, the work mentions a bright fire "on the tower of the lake sawmill", where, apparently, someone's family lives. However, the most striking symbol of home and family for Akhmatova is "the cry of a stork that has flown onto the roof." Against the background of such signs of fate, the poetess feels especially lonely and unhappy, although she does not dare to admit it openly. But what her family life steadily flies downhill, it is already obvious. And this is evidenced by the last line of the poem, in which Akhmatova notes: “And if you knock on my door, it seems to me that I won’t even hear it.” It is addressed to Gumilyov and can mean only one thing - the poetess, who had not previously burned with passion, now treats her own spouse with complete indifference. Akhmatova seems to have a presentiment that very soon they will part forever, but she perceives this as an inevitability and even a necessity, burying dreams of a full-fledged and happy family in her soul.
Anna Akhmatova
I learned to live simply, wisely
YOU GAVE ME A DIFFICULT YOUTH
... I was born at the dacha of Sarakini (Big Fountain, 11th station of the steam engine) near Odessa. The seashore is steep there, and the rails of the steam engine ran along the very edge ...
... In the same year as Charlie Chaplin, Tolstoy's Kreutzer Sonata, the Eiffel Tower and, it seems, Eliot. This summer, Paris celebrated the centenary of the fall of the Bastille - 1889. On the night of my birth, the ancient Midsummer Night, June 23 (Midsummer Night), was and is still being celebrated. They called me Anna in honor of Anna Egorovna Motovilova's grandmother.
…My father was a retired Navy mechanical engineer at the time.
As a one-year-old child, I was transported to the north - to Tsarskoye Selo.
My first memories are those of Tsarskoye Selo: the green, damp splendor of the parks, the pasture where my nanny took me, the hippodrome, where small motley horses galloped, the old railway station ...
Anya Gorenko. 1900 Sevastopol.The first time I started writing my biography was when I was 11 years old, in my mother's red-lined book, to record household expenses (1900). When I showed my notes to the elders, they said that I remember being almost a two-year-old child ...
Anna Akhmatova, From Notebooks Music station in Pavlovsk.The smells of the Pavlovsky railway station. Doomed to remember them all her life as a deaf-blind-mute. The first is smoke from the antediluvian train that brought me ... park, salon de musique (which was called "salty man"), the second - rubbed parquet, then something smelled from the hairdresser's, the third - strawberries in the station shop (Pavlovskaya!), fourth - mignonette and roses (coolness in stuffiness), fresh wet boutonnieres, which are sold in a flower kiosk (to the left), then cigars and greasy food from the restaurant.
I wrote the first poem when I was 11 years old (it was monstrous), but my father used to call me for some reason "decadent poetess"...
... Poems began for me not with Pushkin and Lermontov, but with Derzhavin ("On the Birth of a Porphyrogenic Child") and Nekrasov ("Frost, Red Nose"). My mother knew these things by heart.
Tsarskoye Selo. Lyceum wing.
I studied at the Tsarskoye Selo Women's Gymnasium. First badly, then much better, but always reluctantly.
Anna Akhmatova, From "Autobiographical Prose"You can't believe your eyes when you read that St. Petersburg stairs always smelled of burnt coffee. There were often tall mirrors, sometimes carpets. In not a single St. Petersburg house did the stairs smell of anything but the perfume of passing ladies and the cigars of passing gentlemen. The comrade probably meant the so-called "back door" (now, basically, it has become the only one) - it really could smell of anything there, because the doors from all the kitchens went there. For example, pancakes on Maslyana, mushrooms and vegetable oil in Lent, Neva smelt - in May. When they cooked something fragrant, the cooks opened the door to the back stairs - "to let out the children" (that's what they called it), but still, the back stairs smelled, alas, most often of cats.
Anna Akhmatova, From "Autobiographical Prose"This is what Nevsky Prospekt looked like in the last year of the calendar nineteenth century, when her father brought ten-year-old Anya Gorenko from Tsarskoye Selo to St. Petersburg to take her to an exhibition or to the theater (Andrey Antonovich Gorenko was an avid theatergoer).
Gorenko family. I. E. Gorenko, A. A. Gorenko, in the arms of Rick, Inna, Anna, Andrey. Around 1894
The marriage of Anna Akhmatova's parents - Inna Erazmovna Stogova and Andrei Antonovich Gorenko - was not happy. Andrei Antonovich, a handsome man and a bon vivant, lived for his own pleasure, not counting, spending his wife's dowry money, and did not deprive a single pretty young woman of his attention. Inna Erazmovna, tormented by her husband's indifference to both her and the children, lived as if in a dream. And the children fell ill with tuberculosis one by one. Inna (1886-1906), who married early, died out from an evil consumption. Irina, at home Rika, died as a child in 1896. Then the eldest, Andrei, and Anna, and Iya also fell ill. Anna recovered (Akhmatova believed that an enlarged thyroid gland helped her cope with tuberculosis), and Iya died in her mother's arms in Sevastopol. Inna Erazmovna went mad, stricken with grief and extreme poverty, she had nothing to bury her daughter in, she didn’t even have a shirt! In 1922, she moved from Sevastopol to her older sister Anna Vakar, near Kyiv; the Vakarov estate was confiscated, but the peasants took pity on the poor gentlemen and allowed them to live in the former forester's lodge. In 1927, the youngest son Victor, at that time he lived in the Far East, called his mother to him.
Anna Andreevna, although in the family she was considered a father's daughter (for her tall stature, posture, not a clear female mind), she inherited a lot from her mother: bright eyes with dark, very thick hair and eyelashes, impracticality, and most importantly, kindness.
Inna Erazmovna Gorenko, nee Stogova. Mother of A. A. Akhmatova.
A sketch for a portrait of a young mother, apparently on the eve of marriage, Anna Akhmatova sketched in one of the Northern Elegies:
And a woman with transparent eyes
(Such a deep blue that the sea
You can't help but remember looking at them) ...
…
With a rare name and a white pen,
And kindness, which is inherited
I seem to have received from her
An unnecessary gift of my cruel life...
In 1905, my parents separated, and my mother and children went south. We spent a whole year in Yevpatoriya, where I was at home taking the penultimate class of the gymnasium, yearning for Tsarskoye Selo ... The echoes of the Revolution of the Fifth Year came deaf to Yevpatoriya, cut off from the world. The last class was held in Kyiv, at the Fundukleevskaya gymnasium, which I graduated in 1907 ... All this time (with rather long breaks) I continued to write poetry, putting numbers over them for an unknown purpose.
Gorenko family. 1909 From left to right: Anna, Andrey (brother), Inna Erazmovna (mother), Victor (brother), Iya (sister).
I entered the Faculty of Law of the Higher Women's Courses in Kyiv. As long as I had to study the history of law and especially Latin, I was content; when purely legal subjects began, I lost interest in the courses.
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