Hot and interesting time for summer residents and gardeners begins with the onset of the first warm days. There is a lot of work in the garden and garden in April, because early spring is an ideal time for preparing beds, sowing seeds and seedlings. The volumes of the future harvest depend on the timely work carried out during this period.
April garden work
With the advent of spring and the retreat of frost, the winter strapping is removed from the trees. After the snow melts, the remains of dry leaves and debris are removed.
Broken, dry and damaged branches of trees and bushes are pruned. If pest eggs are found on a branch, it is best to burn it. Organic fertilizers are applied to near-stem areas of fruit trees and shrubs and the soil is mulched. Raspberries and gooseberries are especially fond of mulch.
Before buds appear, trees can be treated with iron sulphate at the rate of 1 teaspoon per 100 g of water. This will prevent the formation of lichens on the trunks. Spraying with a solution consisting of 700 g diluted in 10 liters of water will get rid of pests. Spraying is carried out along the branches and trunk, and the near-stem zone is also treated.
Grafting and planting trees
April is a great time for vaccinations. It is performed in any of the usual ways. Grafting cuttings are best prepared in the fall.
If the earth is completely thawed, you can. To do this, it is necessary to prepare planting pits, spill them with water, fertilize with humus, plant seedlings and install supports.
Currant, gooseberry, honeysuckle
Shoots of bushes damaged by glass and powdery mildew must be cut and burned, and the cuts should be smeared with garden pitch.
At the gooseberry during this period, young shoots are removed from the middle of the bush. Red currants have only old branches, and honeysuckle is simply thinned out.
Strawberry
After the snow has completely melted, you can begin to process the beds with strawberries.
- Remove unrotted mulch into compost pits, this will speed up the warming of the soil and promote the active growth of strawberries.
- Loosen the beds and correct their shape.
- Feed with fertilizer that stimulates the growth of strawberries. This can be done with mullein infusion. Top dressing with a thick decoction of herbs will also be useful for her. Top dressing is applied under the root of the plants, trying to avoid getting fertilizer on strawberry leaves.
- When the soil is warm enough, mulching is carried out, which prevents premature drying of the beds, protects strawberries from autumn frosts and pests, and also allows you to save the crop from rotting. Material for mulching can be anything: needles, sawdust, dry foliage or straw.
- To obtain early strawberries, the bed can be covered with a film or agrofiber fixed on arcs.
How to determine the start of work
The snow has melted, the sun is starting to warm up brighter, but when can you start working in the garden in April? Each region has its own deadlines.
For normal growth and development, each plant needs heat, light, moisture, air and nutrition. Only if all these conditions are met, timely development and growth of plants is possible.
To determine the beginning of garden work, many people use folk signs or are guided by the movement of sap from birches, which directly depend on air and soil temperature.
The phase of the appearance of the first leaves on the trees warns gardeners about the start of protective measures and the treatment of trees with fungicides. It is time to start sowing ornamental and vegetable crops if the black currants have buds.
During this period, it is necessary to prepare the potatoes for planting. Sick, damaged root crops, as well as potatoes with weak sprouts, are discarded, leaving only good medium-sized tubers. You can germinate potatoes in any warm room with a temperature in the range of 10–14 ° C. Spread the potatoes in an even layer on the floor or use nets and narrow plastic bags with holes.
Greenhouse preparation
As soon as weather conditions allow, the greenhouse can be treated with 3% This will help prevent fungal plant diseases. They dig up the earth, humus and ash in the greenhouse. Until the greenhouse has completely warmed up and is not ready for planting the main crops, you can make warm beds on manure for an early harvest. To do this, lay out beds from manure and cover with a film for several days to warm up. Next, holes are formed, the dimensions of which depend on the characteristics of the culture, and a small layer of earth is poured. That's all. You can sow seeds. Early salads, Beijing cabbage or dill will feel great here.
April work in the garden
There is also a lot of garden work in April. It is necessary to make a list of future plantings, depending on the characteristics of the culture, choose a suitable place and plan sowing.
Liming is carried out in April to optimize acidified soils. To do this, use chalk, slaked lime or dolomite flour. Liming is carried out during the preparation of the land for planting. Lime, chalk or flour is applied to a depth of 20 cm in accordance with the application rates.
beds
Depending on the terrain, the height of the formation of beds varies significantly. Raised beds are suitable for cold climates. They contribute to faster warming of the soil and timely ripening of the crop. However, they dry out quickly and require frequent watering. Low beds are suitable for hot, dry climates.
Each vegetable has its own soil temperature for planting. Sowing begins no earlier than the soil has warmed up to 5 ° C to a depth of 10 cm. All cold-resistant crops can be sown in such soil: carrots, Beijing cabbage, dill, parsley, radishes and others. At the same time, in warm sheltered areas, cabbage can be sown for seedlings.
Radishes and sorrel sprout in the garden as soon as the snow melts. Sow these crops in moist soil, fertilized with organic matter, at any time. Rhubarb and sorrel can be fed in April. To prepare the solution will require 3 tbsp. l of urea and 10 l of water. Instead, you can use manure infusion. If you cover the bed with greens with agrofibre or install arcs and put on a film, it is easy to get early greens already in early May.
When and in the ground, you can add sawdust and manure. These cultures perfectly tolerate frosts down to -6 ° C.
Beds with winter garlic and onion sets during this period require loosening and removal of last year's mulch.
If the compost pit has warmed up enough, it can be covered with a small layer of earth and also sown with early greens. Covered with a film, the pit perfectly retains moisture and keeps heat. If the month turned out to be hot, during the day the film can be opened from the sides and the hole left for ventilation. Parsley, lettuce, dill, spinach, and even early radishes will thrive in these conditions.
Let's take care of flowers
With the retreat of winter cold and frost, the winter shelter is removed from the flowers, perennials and bulbs are fed. This will require 1 tsp. per 1 m² flower bed. When feeding daffodils and hyacinths, you can add 1 tsp. and ½ tsp. potassium sulfate.
As soon as the soil dries up, last year's garbage, dry grass and last year's mulch are removed from the flower garden.
begonias
In early April, begonia tubers are taken out, sick and weak are culled. Healthy tubers can be treated with a weak solution of potassium permanganate to prevent diseases. It is better to divide large tubers into several parts, and powder the slices with crushed charcoal.
Clematis
In April, clematis can be fed with organic fertilizers. On the surrounding plot of land, deep loosening of the soil is carried out, and at the end of April it can be mulched. Mulching will save the roots from unwanted overheating and replace loosening. After watering, the mulch perfectly retains moisture and prevents the soil from drying out. An excellent mulch for clematis is a mixture of rotted manure and peat. In winter, mulch protects the roots of clematis from freezing.
roses
With the onset of warm days, the shelter of roses is gradually removed. To speed up the thawing of the earth, it is better to remove last year's mulch and loosen the dried soil around the bushes. Stagnation of water during this period can adversely affect the development of roses, so it is worth laying drainage grooves.
To strengthen frozen roses and activate development, any biostimulants can be used during this period. To prevent fungal diseases, roses are treated with one percent Bordeaux liquid.
Before bud break, roses are pruned. Timely pruning contributes to the rejuvenation of the bushes and the lush flowering of roses. Cut out dry, frozen, blackened and broken parts. Up to five strong, healthy shoots are left on one bush.
Pruning roses in spring
During this period, roses can be fertilized with a composition consisting of 3 g of ammonium nitrate, 5 g of superphosphate, and 2 g of potassium salt per bush. After a week, the rose can be fed with organic matter. To prevent diseases, the bushes are treated with fungicides. After warming up, the soil around the roses is mulched with straw.
Bulbous
Bulbs are fed as soon as the first sprouts appear above the ground. The dried soil around the bulbs is carefully loosened.
At the end of April, germinated gladioli bulbs can be planted, aged in a weak solution of potassium permanganate. Large bulbs can be divided into several parts, and the cut can be treated with coal powder.
Lawns
In April, lawns are cleared of last year's dry grass. If in some places the lawn grass is frozen, overseeding is carried out. To do this, the soil is dug up, spilled, leveled with a rake and grass seeds are sown.
Annuals
In April, annuals are sown on seedlings, placing it in a warm room. On warm windless days, seedlings can be taken out for hardening, protecting them from direct sunlight.
A lot of necessary work in the garden and garden in April will not let anyone get bored. The timeliness of the work, taking into account weather phenomena and terrain features, will allow you to harvest an impressive harvest in the fall.
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