The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is a wonderful book, magical, mysterious. It is beautiful first of all for its depth. Everyone at any age can find something of their own in it: a child - a fascinating story, an adult - the sparkling humor of Mark Twain and memories of childhood. Main character the novel during each reading of the work appears in a new light, i.e. Tom Sawyer's characterization is always different, always fresh.
Tom Sawyer is an ordinary child
It is unlikely that Thomas Sawyer can be called a bully, but rather he is a mischievous person. And, more importantly, he has time and the opportunity to deal with everyone. He lives with his aunt, who, although she tries to keep him in strictness, but she does it badly. Yes, Tom is being punished, but despite this, he lives quite well.
He is sharp-witted, resourceful, like almost every child of his age (about 11-12 years old), one has only to remember the story of the fence, when Tom convinced all the children in the district that work is a sacred right and privilege, and not a heavy burden.
This characterization of Tom Sawyer betrays him as a person who is not very bad. Further, the personality of the most famous inventor and mischievous person will be revealed with new and new facets.
Friendship, love and nobility are no strangers to Tom Sawyer
Sawyer's other virtue - the ability to love and sacrifice - appears before the reader in all its glory when the boy discovers that he loves For her sake, he even makes a sacrifice: he exposes his body to the blows of the teacher's rods for her misdeed. After all, this is a wonderful characteristic of Tom Sawyer, which highlights the sublime attitude towards the lady of the heart.
Tom Sawyer has a conscience. He and Huck witnessed the murder, and even despite the not at all illusory danger to their lives, the boys decided to help the police and rescue poor Meff Potter from prison. An act on their part is not only noble, but also courageous.
Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn as the opposition between the world of childhood and the world of adulthood
Why is Tom like that? Because he's doing relatively well. Tom, though difficult, is a beloved child, and he knows it. Therefore, almost all the time he lives in the world of childhood, in the world of dreams and fantasies, only occasionally looking into reality. Tom Sawyer's characterization in this sense does not differ from that of any other successful teenager. Such a conclusion can only be drawn if the two images are correlated - For Sawyer, fantasies are like the air he breathes. Tom is full of hope. There are almost no disappointments in him, so he believes in invented worlds and in fictional people.
Huck is completely different. He has many problems, no parents. Rather, there is an alcoholic father, but it would be better if he did not exist. Huck's father is a source of constant concern. His parent, of course, disappeared a few years ago, but it is known for certain that he did not die, which means that he can appear in the city at any time and begin to harass his unfortunate son again.
For Huck, fantasies are opium, thanks to which life can somehow be endured, but an adult cannot live in a world of illusions all the time (and Finn is just that).
Sawyer is even a little sorry, because he does not know how things really are. His world dispenses with tragedy, while Huck's existence is a constant struggle. Quite the same as with an ordinary adult: he leaves the world of childhood and realizes that he has been deceived. Thus, one more characterization of Tom Sawyer is ready.
How could Tom be an adult?
A tempting question for anyone who has read The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. But it seems that it is not for nothing that the story of boys says nothing about their adult lives. There may be at least two reasons: either there will be nothing remarkable in these lives, or life will not bring pleasant surprises for someone further. And all this can be.
What Will Tom Sawyer Become? The characteristic can be as follows: in the future he is an ordinary, ordinary person without special life achievements. His childhood was full of various adventures, but by and large they always happened in some comfort zone, and this allowed Tom to constantly fabricate fantasies.
Huck is a different story. At the end of the adventure, Finn leaves the bourgeois world, where satiety and morality reign, to the world of the streets, where freedom reigns, in his opinion. The tramp boy abhors frames. But it is impossible to live forever outside the framework and breathe only the air of freedom, because any life needs one form or another. If a separate vessel (person) is not limited, then it will burst out, destroying the vessel itself. Simply put, if Huck does not choose a certain system of values for himself, he may well get drunk and die under the fence, like his father, or disappear in a drunken fight. Adult life is not as bright as the life of a child, which is a pity.
On this not too happy note, Tom Sawyer says goodbye to us. This ends the characterization of the hero.
The image of the main character in the novel by M. Twain. Perhaps there is no more or less literate person in the world who has not read the novel by the famous American prose writer M. Twain. He created many wonderful works, such as The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn, The Prince and the Pauper, Jeanne D * Arc and others.
But it is "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer" that is best known and loved by adults and young readers all over the world. What is the secret of such a great and long-term popularity? It seems to me that it lies in the tremendous charm that the author's talented pen has endowed the image of this restless, restless boy.
In world literature, there are a great many images of boys - adventure seekers, but Twain's hero is unique and original. At first glance, this is a completely ordinary boy from a small provincial American town. Like thousands and millions of his neighbors, Tom does not like to do household chores, hates going to school, prefers worn clothes to an elegant suit, and as for shoes, he tries to do without them altogether. Attending church and especially Sunday school is a real torture for him. Tom has a lot of friends - the same mischief-makers as himself. His clever head is constantly filled with all kinds of fantasies and inventions. Most likely, if the boy's parents were alive, he would grow up more obedient and less wayward. The old maid, Aunt Polly, with all her diligence, could not cope with the restless nephew entrusted to her cares. But it was precisely this freedom that allowed Tom to remain a sincere, direct, organic being. Of course, cunning is inherent in him, he can lie without any remorse, "steal" a treat without permission, but with all this, it is almost impossible to get angry with him.
At first glance, Tom Sawyer is the same ordinary boy, like most of his peers. And yet - a special hero, because Twain endowed him with all the most wonderful qualities that can only be inherent in a teenager.
Tom loves Aunt Polly dearly. Not knowing how to pacify his inclinations, the boy nevertheless worries if he sees that he is giving his aunt anxiety and grief. This is characterized by a sense of justice. He does not tolerate pretense, hypocrisy, insincerity. That is why the obedient brother Sid often becomes the object of Tom's dislike. Sometimes the boy finds a desire to become a good, "correct" child, not his fault that he often fails to curb his irrepressible urge. With all the boys in the world, Tom Sawyer has in common the fact that he does not tolerate boredom, routine, monotony. He will always prefer spanking or other physical punishment to cramming, to a dull being in a church service. This is a lively, impressionable person with a rich imagination. Not every adult is able to admit that he is wrong, but the same man can do it. Repented of his escape from home, the boy convinces his friends to return to the city.
Tom Sawyer has many outstanding personality traits. One of them is his entrepreneurial spirit. It is not without reason that the episode with the fence has become a textbook. Here the boy shows remarkable abilities of a psychologist and organizer. Leadership qualities are generally inherent in Tom. He easily manages to inspire his less inventive and brave friends to take risks.
Tom is able from the bottom of his heart to sympathize with those who undeservedly endure resentment, injustice. Despite his fear of Indian Joe, Tom, together with his bosom friend Huckleberry Finn, risking his life, rescues the hapless Maff Potter, giving evidence in court. Not every adult is capable of such a brave act, committed by a sympathetic boy. This, in my opinion, is real heroism.
Another episode showing us Tom from the very better side, - pages about how he got lost in a cave with Becky Thatcher. The boy managed to maintain his composure, to find a way out, while still constantly supporting, comforting and encouraging the girl. In the finale, Tom helps to neutralize a gang of bandits, to save the life of a respectable city woman.
The author rewards his hero - Tom becomes a rich man, a heroic person, deserves the respect of the most prominent citizens. However, even this, the last, test the boy passes with brilliance. He does not become arrogant, does not boast of his heroism and wealth. This is still a spontaneous, full of charm teenager.
Saying goodbye to him, the reader remains convinced that Tom Sawyer will keep all his best qualities, will become a wonderful person and, having turned into an adult man, will perform many more wonderful deeds.
Tom Sawyer is a twelve-year-old cheerful boy. He is very resourceful, cunning, sometimes playful. Everyone around him suffers from his leprosy. Skipping lessons, swimming without aunt's permission, constant fights with boys, emptying jars of jam are just a small part of what he does almost daily. Poor Aunt Polly, with whom Tom lives, cannot re-educate him in any way. All her attempts to punish the boy for leprosy end with the fact that he distracts her and escapes.
Tom's rich imagination and the energy gushing out of him do not allow him to live in peace, not to himself, not to those around him. He is constantly looking for adventure. He doesn't like boring school activities, so he has to invent new ways to have fun.
No one can compare with him in cunning! When Aunt Polly made him paint the fence, he pretended that he really liked this work and said that almost no one except him could cope with this matter. After that, everyone who was next to him not only painted the fence instead of the cunning one, but also paid him for it with what was with him.
Tom does not like sneak and his peers, who were dressed like "dandies". Seeing once such a boy, he did not hesitate to rush to fight him and, of course, won. Not to take his courage. He has proven this many times. For example, when she and a friend went to the cemetery at night, where they accidentally witnessed the illegal splitting of the grave and the murder of a person. He confirmed his resilience when he and a classmate got lost in a cave, where they stayed for several days. After they ran out of water, food and the last candle burned out, the boy himself went to look for a way out of the cave and found him.
Despite all of Tom's antics, he cannot be called soulless. Aunt Polly's tears hurt him, he doesn't want her to suffer. But still, like many boys, he does not take seriously the lectures and reproaches of his aunt, sometimes deceives her, but his tricks never harm her.
Tom Sawyer has a very rich imagination, a huge amount of energy, an unquenchable thirst for adventure, a cunning that can only be envied. These qualities help him achieve success or avoid punishment. In the future, they can help him achieve more serious goals.
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Tom Sawyer is an energetic, witty, enterprising boy of twelve, whose orphan is raised by Aunt Polly. Aunt Polly is, in general, a kind, but at the same time strict and prim woman who believes that her Christian duty is to punish a child for his own good: "... For it is said in the Scriptures that whoever spares the rod spoils the child." ... In addition to Tom, Aunt Polly is raising Tom's Stepbrother Siddi, a goody-goody and a sneak, and Tom's cousin Mary, a kind and patient girl. Tom and Siddi have a mutual hostility due to differences in personalities and outlook on life and its rules, as a result of which Siddi loves to fool Tom on his aunt.
The novel describes the varied adventures of Tom and his friends over several months. During these adventures, he manages to witness the murder and expose the killer, get engaged to a girl classmate, run away from home and live on a desert island, attend his own funeral, get lost in a cave and get out of it safely, and also find a precious treasure.
Tom personifies the carelessness and wonderful world of childhood in the middle of the 19th century. His best friends are Joe Harper and Huckleberry Finn. She was once in love with Emmy Lawrence, but later Rebecca Thatcher (Becky) took her place in Tom's heart.
Tom's character is best revealed in the first chapter, in which Tom, as punishment for going to swim in the river instead of attending school the day before, was condemned by Aunt Polly to whitewash a long fence on Saturday - the day off for which the rest of the boys are scheduled funny Games... Thinking longingly about how the other guys would scoff at the fact that he was forced to work, Tom began to invent a plan to get rid of the obligation at least for a little while. He calculated that for the "treasures" from the depths of his pocket, like dead rat on a string (so that it is convenient to twist it) or a key that does not open anything, he can buy only a little bit of freedom. Thinking sadly, Tom noticed Ben approaching, whose bullying Tom did not want to endure. The only way for Tom to maintain his honor was to pretend he was working of his own accord. When Ben tried to tease Tom, he inquired in the highest degree of surprise what exactly Ben considered work and said that he almost begged his aunt to entrust him with such a responsible task. The trick led to the fact that Ben, and after him and other boys, began to ask for the opportunity to whitewash, and Tom was surprised to deduce a certain formula from the field of the human psyche: if a business, no matter how difficult, is not paid, then it is interesting, because it - hobby. As soon as you offer a fee for this business, it becomes work and loses its temptation.
I think not even more bagato tse))
The work of the famous American publicist and writer Mark Twain about the adventures of two boys is still the most beloved and read in the whole world. And not only a favorite piece for boys, but also for adults who remember their mischievous childhood. This is the story of young America, the romanticism of which touches boys all over the world to this day.
The Writing History of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
The first work in a series of adventures of American boys was published in 1876, the author was just over 30 years old at the time. Obviously, this played a role in the brightness of the book's images. America at the end of the 19th century had not yet got rid of slavery, half of the continent was "Indian territory", and the boys were boys. According to many testimonies, Mark Twain described himself in Tom, not only real himself, but all his dreams of adventure. Feelings and emotions are described real, which worried the boy of that time, and which continue to excite the boys today.
The main characters- two friends, Tom, who is raised by his own lonely aunt, and Huck, a city street child. Both boys, inseparable in their fantasies and adventures, are typical characters, but Tom Sawyer remains the main character. He has a younger brother, more rational and obedient, there are schoolmates, boyish crush - Becky. And like any boy, the main events in life are associated with a thirst for adventure and first love. An ineradicable thirst constantly draws Tom and Huck into dangerous adventures, some of which, of course, are invented by the author, some are real events... It’s easy to believe in things like running away from home or going to the cemetery at night. And these adventures, interspersed with descriptions of ordinary boyish everyday life, ordinary pranks, joys and annoyances, come true thanks to the genius of the author. The description of the life of Americans at that time is impressive. What is lost in modern world, democracy and the spirit of freedom.
Chronicle of young America (plot and main idea)
A town on the banks of the Mississippi, in which residents have mixed into a single society, regardless of property, racial and even age differences. Negro Jim, in slavery to Aunt Polly, half-breed Indian Joe, Judge Thatcher and his daughter Becky, homeless boy Huck and the prankster Tom, Dr. Robenson and the undertaker Potter. Tom's life is described with such humor and with such naturalness that the reader forgets which country it is in, as if recalling what happened to himself.
The boy Tom Sawyer, along with his younger brother, who is clearly more positive than him, is brought up by an old aunt after the death of his mother. He goes to school, plays on the street, fights, befriends and falls in love with the beautiful peer Becky. Once they met their old friend Huckleberry Fin on the streets, with whom they had a deep controversy about how to remove warts. Huck described a fresh method of mixing with a dead cat, but it is necessary to visit the cemetery at night. From this began all the significant adventures of these two tomboy. Previous conflicts with his aunt, entrepreneurial ideas with obtaining a bonus Bible at Sunday school, whitewashing the fence in the form of punishment for disobedience, which Tom transformed from success into personal success, fade into the background. Everything except love for Becky.
Having witnessed a fight and murder, the two boys have long doubted the need to bring everything they saw to the court of adults. Only sincere pity for the old drunkard Potter and a sense of universal justice make Tom appear at the trial. Thus, he saved the life of the accused and put his life in mortal danger. Injun Joe's Revenge is quite real threat for a boy even under the protection of the law. Meanwhile, Tom and Becky's romance cracked, and this distracted him from everything else for a long time. He suffered. Finally, it was decided to escape from home from unhappy love and become a pirate. It's good that there is such a friend as Huck, who agrees to support any adventure. A school friend, Joe, joined them.
This adventure ended as it should. Tom's heart and Huck's rationality forced him to return to the town from the island on the river, after they realized that the whole city was looking for them. The boys returned just for their own funeral. The joy of the adults was so great that the boys were not even given a thrashing. Several days of adventure brightened up the life of the boys with the memories of the author himself. After that, Tom was sick, and Becky left for a long and far away.
Before the beginning school year Judge Thatcher threw a splendid birthday party for the children in honor of his returning daughter. A boat trip along the river, a picnic and a visit to the caves, modern children could also dream of this. This is where Tom's new adventure begins. Having reconciled with Becky, the two of them run away from the company during a picnic and hide in a cave. They got lost in the passages and grottoes, the torch that illuminated their path burned out, and there was no provisions with them. Tom behaved courageously, this reflected all his enterprise and responsibility as a growing man. Quite by accident, they stumbled upon Injun Joe hiding the stolen money. After wandering around the cave, Tom finds a way out. The children returned home to the delight of their parents.
The mystery seen in the cave haunts, Tom tells everything to Huck, and they decide to check the Indian's treasure. The boys go to the cave. After Tom and Becky got out of the labyrinth safely, the City Council decided to close the cave entrance. This became fatal for the mestizo, he died in a cave of hunger and thirst. Tom and Huck endured a wealth of wealth. Since the treasure did not belong to anyone in particular, two boys became its owners. Huck received the patronage of the widow Douglas, falling under her care. Tom is also rich now. But Huck was able to endure the "secular" life for no more than three weeks, and Tom, who met him on the shore at the barrel-hut, frankly declared that no wealth could keep him from becoming a "noble robber". The romanticism of the two friends has not yet been crushed by the "golden calf" and the conventions of society.
Main characters and their characters
All the main characters of the story are the thoughts and feelings of the author, his memories of childhood, his feeling of the same american dream and common human values... When Huck complained that he could not live in idleness, Tom answered him uncertainly: "Why, everyone lives like that, Huck." In these boys, Mark Twain writes out his attitude to human values, to the value of freedom and understanding between people. Huck, who saw more bad things, shares with Tom: "It just becomes a shame for all people" when he talks about the insincerity of relations in high society. Against the romantic background of a story about childhood, written with good humor, the writer clearly outlines all the best qualities of a little man, and the hope that these qualities will persist for life.
A boy brought up without a mother and father. What happened to his parents, the author does not reveal. According to the story, it seems that Tom received all his best qualities on the street and at school. Aunt Paulie's attempts to instill in him elementary stereotypes of behavior cannot be crowned with success. Tom is the perfect boy and tomboy in the eyes of boys all over the world. On the one hand, this is hyperbole, but on the other hand, having real prototypes, Tom really carries in himself all the best that a growing man can carry. He dared, with a keen sense of justice. In many episodes, it is these qualities that he exhibits with difficult life situations... Another trait that cannot affect the feelings of an American. This is quickness and enterprise. It remains only to remember the story of the whitewashing of the fence, which is also a far-reaching project. Burdened with various boyish prejudices, Tom looks like a completely ordinary boy, which captivates the reader. Everyone sees in him a small reflection of himself.
A homeless child with a living father. The drunkard appears in the story only in conversations, but this somehow characterizes the living conditions of this little boy. Tom's unchanging friend and loyal companion on all adventures. And if Tom is a romantic and a leader in this company, then Huck is a sober mind and life experience, which is also necessary in this tandem. An attentive reader is of the opinion that Huck is registered by the author as the second side of the medal of a growing person, an American citizen. Personality is divided into two types - Tom and Huck, which are inseparable. In subsequent stories, the character of Huck will be revealed more fully, and often, in the soul of the reader, these two images are mixed and always get sympathy.
Becky, Aunt Polly, Negro Jim and Mestizo Indian Joe
These are all people, in communication with whom all the best in the character of the protagonist is manifested. Tender love in a girl of the same age and real care for her in times of danger. Respectful, albeit sometimes ironic, attitude towards the aunt who spends all her efforts to raise Tom to a real respectable citizen. The Negro slave, who is an indicator of the then America and the attitude to slavery of the entire progressive society, because Tom is friends with him, justifiably considering him an equal. The attitude of the author, and therefore of Tom, to Indian Joe, is far from unambiguous. The romance of the Indian world at that time was not yet so idealized. But the inner pity for the mestizo who died of hunger in the cave characterizes not only the boy. The realities of the Wild West are seen in this image, a cunning and cruel mestizo takes revenge with his life on all whites. He is trying to survive in this world, and society allows him to. We do not see the deep condemnation that should have seemed to be for a thief and a murderer.
Continuation of the epic adventure
Subsequently, Mark Twain wrote several more stories about Tom and his friend Huck. The author grew up with his heroes, and America also changed. And already in subsequent stories there was not that romantic recklessness, but more and more of the bitter truth of life appeared. But even in these realities, Tom, Huck, and Becky retained their best qualities, which they received in childhood on the banks of the Mississippi in a small town with the distant name of the Russian capital - St. Petersburg. I don't want to part with these heroes, and they remain ideals in the hearts of the boys of that era.
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