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The American Cocker Spaniel is a dog with touching eyes, an ever-wagging tail and a luxurious coat. They are excellent psychologists, excellent companions and gun dogs. They are called the dream of poets, the pride of kings and the favorites of sentimental young ladies. In America, they wanted to breed their spaniels, and they got such wonderful amazingly elegant show dogs.
The birth of the American Cocker Spaniel
The ancestors of American Cocker Spaniels date back to the 14th century. Their homeland is the sunny country of Spain. With the help of all varieties of Cocker Spaniels, they hunted game birds, mainly woodcocks. Hence the name of this breed.
Once upon a time, not all puppies in a litter were called Cockers. Smaller individuals were called cockers, and larger ones were called springers. Small dogs were good for hunting woodcocks, as the birds flew very low above the ground, and with the help of taller dogs, the birds were scared away.
The closest ancestors of the American Cocker Spaniels were Cocker Spaniels of English origin. The status of these dogs was much greater, but the exact copy of the English "relatives" of American breeders did not suit. In this regard, American breeders began to work on breeding their spaniels.
The first representative of the breed had wide-set, large eyes, which is a disadvantage for the English Cocker Spaniel. Dormant signs of the King Charles Spaniel began to be cultivated. Dogs with a doll-like expression of the muzzle and longer hair were selected.
The American Cocker Spaniel looks a little different today than it did when the breed began. Its parameters have become more compact, the neck and paws are longer, more beautiful, domed head, shortened, snub-nosed muzzle, thicker and longer hair.
This dog is a gun dog, but now it is less used in hunting because the dogs have a thick coat - this is not very convenient. But, nevertheless, there are lovers who shear dogs and use them for their intended purpose. The American Cocker Spaniel has a good sense of smell and yet is good at handling game. Also, the dogs are excellent swimmers, divers and can feed a duck out of the water.
But, hunting work requires certain skills and training of cockers. These are the smallest dogs from the group of hunting dogs. But, despite this, the dogs are quite strong. They can be very fast. Unlike their English brothers, Americans are quite temperamental.
In the 80s of the last century, the breed was a cult. In the USSR, many people wanted to have such dogs. When the Iron Curtain existed in the country, the pit bull terrier and poodle were common. But then, they began to bring American cockers. The popularity of the breed played a cruel joke on her. They began to breed, anyhow.
External characteristics of the American Cocker Spaniel
Representatives of the breed are strong and dense, compactly built dogs, with a beautiful head and a good-natured expression of the muzzle. They have the smallest size among sport dogs and all spaniels. The height at the withers for males is 37–38 cm and for females 35–36 cm. The weight of males is 10–14 kg, and that of females is 7–9 kg.
- Head- in harmony with the whole body. The cranial part is arched, the part under the eye sockets is filled. The brows are clearly prominent. Cheekbones not protruding.
- Muzzle- square, planted deep enough. It has a good width, in length equal to half the length of the cranium. Stop is pronounced. The bridge of the nose is wide and even. The lips are tight, covering the lower jaw well. The complete dentition has a scissor bite.
- Nose large enough, but harmonious muzzle. The color is dark in dark-colored, spotted, black and tan dogs. Light-colored individuals may have a brownish coloration of the nose.
- Eyes The American Cocker Spaniel is large, black and brown in color, round in shape, not sunken or protruding. The eyelids are slightly retracted at the bottom.
- Ears stretched at the level of the corners of the eyes, hanging, elongated. Cartilage is quite thin.
- Neck slightly elongated, well muscled, steep set, smooth curve.
- Frame- Slightly sloping, square, with prominent withers. The chest is deep, wide and well let down, and does not interfere with the movements of the dog. The loin is wide. The croup is sloping. The ribs are of good length and roundness.
- Tail located almost on the line of the spine. Preferably it is stopped, but it can be natural.
- Forelimbs- placed under the withers, not long, strong, parallel. Hindquarters - parallel, with powerful hips and harmonious joints.
- Paws- oval shape, large size.
- coat wavy, silky and soft. Undercoat developed. The head is covered with the shortest hair. On the body of hair of medium elongation. On the ears, chest, belly and limbs there is a long and denser outer coat.
- Color- is different. There are various solid, black and tan and spotted dogs.
Distinctive behavioral traits of the American Cocker Spaniel
The breed is very active. Dogs are very fond of the whole world and all of the people. American Cocker Spaniels are very affectionate, friendly and playful dogs. This is a unique breed in a home with children. Dogs are obedient and sociable. They feel the mood of the owner. Pets know when they can mess up and they won't get anything for it. The dog is loyal to all pets living in the home.
Cockers are excellent companions who are always ready to communicate and play with their brothers and, of course, their owners. Dogs will never get tired of bringing you toys, as long as you play with them. They just need your attention like air.
Some people find them intrusive. If you do not have enough free time to communicate with your pet, then these dogs are not for you. They faithfully and reverently look at their masters. When Cockers look at you, it seems that the pets understand everything, see your soul, but do not talk.
American Cocker Spaniel Health
With all the conditions of careful care, Cockers usually live twelve to fifteen years. This is the main factor that affects their life expectancy. Dogs require frequent visits to the veterinarian. Their genetically inherited diseases are: cataracts, problems with knee joints, ear and eye infections.
Cataracts, in almost all cases, are treated by surgery, which gives excellent chances for recovery. All kinds of dislocations and problems with the joints are purely individual in nature. Treatment is prescribed by a doctor, and it depends on the degree of damage to the articular bag. All problems associated with infections of the ears and eyes can be avoided by regularly monitoring these vulnerable areas of the pet.
How to care for an American Cocker Spaniel?
The coat of pets requires careful care, because they are show dogs. They are bathed frequently, ideally once every six days. For this procedure, you need to buy a professional shampoo and conditioner for long-haired animals, as well as a spray to moisturize the coat. The procedure begins with combing the pet's hairline. If there are tangles, they must be disassembled and combed out with a metal comb with long teeth. Next, the "coat" of the animal is well soaked with water and a soap suds made from shampoo with water is applied to it. A washing concentrate is diluted so that the dog does not have dandruff, and the hair is not overdried. After you have rinsed the animal from shampoos and masks, it must be sprayed with a moisturizing spray and dried with a hair dryer.
Comb the dog as tangles appear or during the period of active change of coat. Sometimes the procedure takes an hour or two. It depends on how often you brush your dog. The less often you do this, the longer the procedure will last. By combing, you massage the skin of the animal, remove tangles and all kinds of debris. This improves the blood supply to the skin and removes its dead layer. The slicker brush is not suitable for the Cocker Spaniel, but the furminator, which American groomers came up with, does an excellent job of combing dogs. This device captures and pulls out the dead undercoat as much as possible, without affecting the outer hair.
If you are not planning an exhibition career for your pet, then the hair on his “skirt” can be shortened. This will not only reduce the time for care, but in some cases will make life easier for the dog itself. A hygienic haircut should be done every three months, as the dog grows very quickly. The hairs climb into the eyes and the eyeballs from this can become inflamed and watery.
Such manipulations will require certain costs if you decide to get an American Cocker Spaniel. Show dogs are trimmed by groomers. A haircut by a specialist costs about $ 17-20. The hair on the back of the American Cocker Spaniel is trimmed with a special knife. The muzzle is shaved with a machine, and the “skirt”, ears, paws and bangs are decorated with scissors. Show cockers are prepared a week before the show, and the day before they trim those places where something has grown. Before the competition, the dog takes water procedures and stretches under the hair dryer. This is done so that the dog's hair is perfectly even without waves.
After a walk in wet weather, you need a good drying of all wool. If it is not dried out, then a fungus can form on the skin. Their ears require special attention, as they are long. The dog eats, ears in a bowl of food, on walks in the mud and dust. To keep the beautiful coat on their ears, pets are bought special hats and taught to wear them from an early age. Well, of course they wear them if necessary.
The teeth of these dogs are subject to a very rapid accumulation of plaque. Therefore, they require regular cleaning, almost every other day. To do this, you need to purchase a bactericidal paste and a brush for animals. With the help of these tools, you will perfectly cope with plaque and remove unpleasant odor from your pet's mouth. You can also do regular prevention of dental diseases by feeding your dog dry food and various treats, such as special bones.
The ears of the American Cocker Spaniel require some care, as they have a hanging shape. You may need to remove hairs from inside the ear to provide proper ventilation. They can be cut with scissors or plucked. Ears need regular cleaning. If you look after them, then there will be no problems. Ears are cleaned by filling the auricle with herbal lotion and holding the pet's head. After a small massage, after a couple of minutes, the separated sulfur is wiped.
The eyes of pets, due to slightly drooping eyelids, can become dirty, inflamed and watery. Also, the mucous membranes are irritated by the hair around the eyes. Therefore, in this area, they need to be cut regularly. Normal eye contamination is removed by wiping them with pharmaceutical preparations. They will create not only an anti-inflammatory effect, but also a kind of skin care for the eyelids. If you notice that the eyes are injured, then immediately take your pet to the veterinarian. Your delay may cost your dog his sight.
The claws of the American Cocker Spaniel practically do not need to be trimmed, as the dog is active and agile. If her dewclaws have not been removed, then the claws on them must be cut off with nail cutters or cut down with a file.
The feeding of American Cocker Spaniels should be healthy. Breeders recommend feeding them with professional, premium dry food. They are perfectly balanced and have a good effect on the entire body of the dog.
Many people, buying into a cute expression of a muzzle, with unhappy hungry eyes, feed their pets with pieces from their table. As a result, from a chic dog, after about six months, a barrel with long ears and short legs is obtained.
Not only is this an ugly sight, it is also dangerous for the animal. Excess weight is the beginning of the development of chronic diseases of the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and musculoskeletal systems. In addition, the dog can develop diabetes.
Walking representatives of this breed require a long time, as they are hunting dogs. These active pets need to move as much as possible. In the rainy season, animals are walked in overalls. Their long ears are also tied up, and not only because they get dirty, but often, they prevent the dogs from running. American Cocker Spaniels are funny guys who love to play. They will be grateful to you if you pick up a company for them for games and walks. Dogs also like to play catch-up, balls and other active games with their owners.
American Cocker Spaniel dog training
These are wonderful dogs - affectionate and loyal. They can also be protective. Cockers are very smart and quite obedient dogs, but sometimes they can be stubborn. Their activity requires that they be trained, then they will be obedient.
If the American Cocker Spaniels are wonderfully trained, then the dogs are great with children and all family members. If left untrained, they can become selfish possessive and even bare their teeth at times. However, these phenomena are easily suppressed in puppyhood.
American Cocker Spaniels are so smart that they can participate in all kinds of dog sports. Dogs perfectly show their abilities in the search and rescue service. Such a dog can pass through the rubble where a large dog cannot pass.
Interesting facts about the American Cocker Spaniel
These dogs are very popular in America. Host Oprah Winfrey had three American Cocker Spaniels. President Harry Truman had a dog named "Feller" and President Richard Nixon had a dog named "Checkers". Representatives of the breed participated in advertising and Hollywood films.
In America, a couple lives with a dog named Uno. He is 22, which is a lot. Translated into human years - one hundred and fifty-four. Surprisingly, this twenty-two-year-old dog is doing well, but leads a full life: eats, sleeps, walks, and even climbs to the fourth floor every day. The pet does this five or even seven times a day on the way to the lawn. Such a beautiful form is the result of nutrition, exercise and a calm environment.
American Cocker Spaniel price
Such an animal combines many amazing qualities, which is why the dog will be an excellent life partner for most families. The American Cocker Spaniel can live anywhere, but needs activity and long walks. He has genetic diseases, but in order for them not to appear, the dog must be bought from a good breeder. It's easy enough to train. But, we must be aware that his coat requires careful care.
If you have a child, he will definitely like such a dog. And, if you can follow her, as you need, evaluate yourself in advance. For older people who are not very active, it is better not to start an American Cocker Spaniel. A pet is a big responsibility, because a living creature appears in your house, for which you are responsible. The price of puppies is $500–600.
More about the American Cocker Spaniel in the video below:
The American Cocker Spaniel is a wonderful hunter of game birds. This was emphasized in breeding. He is a good tracker, a good swimmer and an excellent companion. The American Spaniel is quite intelligent and easy to train. But it is important that the owner was alone, his dog will be perceived as a leader and mentor. Country of origin - USA.
In education, physical force is not allowed in relation to the dog, for which she will stop trusting you. This breed needs active exercise and walks for several hours a day. If this is not possible, at least, it is necessary to ensure his active pastime at home. Games and commands like “bring slippers”, “find a toy” are great activities.
The American Cocker Spaniel stands out for its obedient and good-natured disposition. This breed requires a lot of your attention, as a reward you will receive responsiveness, sensitivity and affection. Cocker should not be left alone for a long time, he will think that he has been abandoned, he will stop trusting and listening. Do not worry if there are other animals and children in the house, the dog will get along well with them, make friends and play with pleasure.
American Cocker Spaniels are selected by breeders based on a variety of criteria, including character traits. They try not to breed restless and overly aggressive dogs, since such manifestations are considered a breed deviation.
The Americans have bred a friendly dog that understands the mood of the owner and behaves with him accordingly. She does not stick to an annoyed person, but tries in every possible way to cheer up a sad and dull person.
The Cocker Spaniel quickly and sincerely becomes attached to the owner and to all household members. The dog is very assiduous when they expect obedience from it, but gladly responds to the call of the owners to run and play in the yard.
While playing with a pet, aggressive attacks on his part should not be allowed. So he can bite painfully on the legs and arms, grab his teeth and hang on the leg. With age, such fun develops into habits from which it will be difficult for an adult dog to wean, and stronger teeth can cause serious damage.
To cool the ardor of a restless animal, it is recommended to train with it. In training classes, such qualities of a dog as excitement and natural curiosity will come in handy. A trained cocker will thank you by showing the best features of a hunting breed.
It is desirable that these dogs be adopted by families with sociable children, where one of them could always spend time with her. Lonely and often busy breeders are better off choosing another dog that does not require constant attention.
Diet and health
The American Spaniel is unpretentious in the choice of food and is always willing to steal something from the table. But as a feed, give preference to ready-made rations for small and decorative breeds. If necessary, you can give bioadditives for wool. And during active physical exertion, you can feed with natural food: meat, cottage cheese, fish.
Be careful, the indefatigable appetite of the Cocker often leads to obesity, it is very important not to overfeed the pet.
The American Cocker Spaniel is simply gorgeous and therefore easily falls in love with people. One bewitching look - and they are already feeding him something tasty. Be on your guard and resist the temptation to treat your pet to a tidbit once again.
Health
American cockers do not differ in ideal health.
What are the pathologies of behavior, such as causeless panic, aggression and other psychological problems, often explained by gaps in education.
They often suffer from food allergies. Their problem area is their ears. Sometimes there is congenital deafness. They are also predisposed to eye diseases, hip dysplasia, epilepsy. In old age, problems with the liver are often observed.
Strong dogs with good care live up to 16 years.
History of the American Cocker Spaniel
Historians believe that the breed first appeared on the territory of the modern states at the beginning of the 17th century, when the Mayflower ship arrived on the shores of the New World, and there were two dogs on board: a Great Dane and a Spaniel. Unfortunately, from that moment until the beginning of the 19th century, all data on the development of the breed were lost.
In 1881, the Spaniel Club was opened in America, which is considered the "parent" of modern "Americans", then not yet recognized. In 1921, at the Westminster dog show, the American Cocker Spaniel was presented for the first time in its class. It almost became a collapse for the breed. Small, athletic dogs have become very popular. Their big ears, joyful disposition and sincere eyes won the hearts of Americans. The great popularity has led to careless and unethical breeding.
Novice dog breeders began to churn out Cockers by the thousands. As a result, dogs have acquired a whole bunch of hereditary diseases. Fortunately for the breed, the American Kennel Club did register Cockers in 1947 and traditionally gave them their own entry in the stud book, called "American Cocker Spaniel". Most dog breeders agree that the American Cocker descended from an English cousin.
Psychological picture
The American Cocker Spaniel is a medium, strong dog. The head is round, the muzzle is wide. Scissor bite. The eyes are dark, rounded, sometimes there are blue-eyed representatives of the breed. Ears are long. The body is slightly bevelled. Previously, a docked tail was the standard for Cockers, but today docking is taboo in many countries and dogs with long tails are allowed. The coat is long, silky, straight or slightly wavy, always short on the head. Coloring can be very diverse.
The height of the dog at the withers is 35-38 cm, and the average weight is approximately 12.5 kg.
Courageous, always ready to work, they are great as a pet and hunting companion. Cheerful and gentle Cocker has a fairly high level of intelligence. Always active and playful. Great with children. It can be wary of strangers, but usually does not show aggression. When choosing a puppy, it is important to consider that American Spaniels are divided into two lines: show and working. Working animals have better developed hunting instincts, shorter hair, they are a little more hardy.
The dog is not adapted to living in an aviary. She feels great in a private courtyard, but prefers to spend most of her time not on the street, but indoors.
Particular attention is required to care for the coat, ears and eyes of the animal. Cocker owners will have to periodically cut their pet.
In the summer they make short haircuts, in the winter - longer. Clean ears, teeth and wash eyes as needed. If the dog rarely walks on asphalt, you have to file the claws.
And of course, do not forget about the regular combing of wool, enhanced during the molting period.
cost of an american cocker spaniel puppy
A puppy with malformations that is denied access to the show can be purchased for a price of around $300, although the average price tag for a purebred puppy is about $700. The price formation is influenced by the pedigree of the animal. Show-worthy Cocker Spaniels with a good pedigree are up for sale for $2,500.
Video review about dogs of the American Cocker Spaniel breed
Compact and strong exterior, aesthetically carved muzzle and magnificent coat - all this is about the smallest representative of hunting breeds - the American Cocker Spaniel. Despite its small size, the dog is able to develop a decent speed, which makes it an excellent assistant for feather hunting.
A laid-back and positive disposition, a constant desire to move in search of prey are the main character traits of the American Cocker Spaniel. In addition to the main purpose, the breed has long been domestic. Breeders willingly bring their decorative pets to various exhibitions and competitions.
According to cinematographers, the closest ancestor of the American Cocker Spaniel is the English Cocker, brought to the New World during the colonization of America by European conquistadors. Local cynologists took up artificial selection of a new breed, a century after the US gained independence from Great Britain.
Hunters, who were primarily interested in game birds (field, swamp, waterfowl), have long needed energetic hunting dogs. The scientists were tasked with breeding a hunting dog that is fundamentally different in characteristics and description from its larger relatives. It was decided to cross an English Cocker Spaniel and a small hunting spaniel. As a result, a small dog with a thick coat appeared before the world.
The first exhibition of the new breed was organized in 1882. It was accepted by the largest city of the state of New Hampshire - Manchester. A pronounced hunting instinct and beautiful appearance made the breed extremely popular not only in North America, but also in other parts of the world. Many developed countries were interested in breeding Cockers. In the middle of the twentieth century, the breed was finally divided into English and American. In Russia, the peak of popularity of this breed came in the 70s of the Soviet period.
American Cocker Spaniel description of the appearance of the dog
American Cocker Spaniel is the owner of a compactly folded, strong and dense body. The dog has a beautiful head and a good-natured expression of the muzzle. As already mentioned, this is the smallest breed among hunting dogs. Males have a height at the withers of 38-40 cm, and females - 36-38. The weight of males reaches 11–15 kg, and females - 8–10 kg.
The head is in harmony with the whole body. The animal has an arched skull. The area of the eye sockets is filled. The superciliary part stands out strongly. Cheekbones do not protrude.
The rather broad muzzle has a square outline and a fairly deep landing. The length of the muzzle is approximately equal to half the length of the entire skull. The transition from the forehead to the muzzle is clearly expressed. The upper part of the nose, adjacent to the forehead, is broad and level. The lower jaw is covered with dense lips. The dog has a correct scissor bite.
The nose, although massive, does not stand out from the overall picture. Dark-colored, spotted and black individuals have a dark nose color. Light-coloured Cocker Spaniels have brown noses.
Large round eyes tend to have a dark color close to black. The eyeballs do not bulge or protrude. The eyelids in the lower part are slightly drawn back.
Elongated ears hang, stretching along the border of the corners of the eyes. The cartilage is quite thin.
The muscular neck is slightly extended forward, has a smooth bend.
The withers stand out on a slightly sloping and square body. The expanded chest is deepened, well lowered, so it does not restrict the movements of the dog. The back of the body is slightly inclined. The animal has a wide loin, long and rounded ribs.
The location of the tail coincides with the line of the spinal column. It can remain natural, but some prefer to stop it.
Short but strong forelimbs placed under the highest part of the body. placed in parallel. Powerful hips provide the dog with a secure fit. Large paws are oval in shape.
The real pride of the American Spaniel is its coat.. The coat is wavy and soft. Well developed undercoat. On the head is the smallest length of hair. The body is covered with medium length hair. Ears, chest, belly and limbs are covered with denser outer hair.
There are Cocker Spaniels of different colors. But most often the color is either solid, or black and tan or spotted.
The nature of the breed
Each individual is carefully selected by breeders, including the specific character. Vicious and unbalanced dogs are not allowed for breeding, as the breed standard clearly states that such behaviors indicate a breed defect.
American breeders were able to bring out a truly sociable dog who is always happy to have company. Despite this, American Cocker Spaniels subtly feel the mood of the owner and will not bother him at the wrong time. The animal has a well-developed sense of tact. But when the owner is sad, the pet is always ready to cheer him up. It is safe to say that American Cocker Spaniels are very friendly and attached to all family members of domestic dogs. A representative of this breed will obediently sit in one place if the owner so orders, but the dog prefers outdoor games with a person.
Despite that Although bred as a hunting breed, it is now increasingly being used as a family companion dog. It became real because of the complaisant nature, lack of aggressiveness and friendly attitude towards children. These qualities have played a decisive role in the fact that Cocker Spaniels have gained popularity with dog breeders, and today they are more often seen at exhibitions than hunting.
They are easy to train, carry out all the commands of the owner without exception, do not rush at other dogs and strangers. The breed is endowed with self-esteem and refined manners.
An animal filled with enthusiasm and crazy energy is never averse to getting involved in games not only with dogs, but also with other pets. American Cocker Spaniels get along well with cats, often becoming real friends for them.
The dog withstands loneliness with dignity, but it is better not to leave it alone at home for a long time. An extremely active dog needs regular contact with people. A lack of attention can form her bad habits that are associated with mental disorders: frequent whining or howling, unreasonable barking, furniture damage.
American Cocker Spaniel puppies
American Cocker Spaniel puppies do not have as long coats as adult dogs. This should not be alarming. A thick "fur coat" will appear in the second year of life.
Tips for those who decide to get a Cocker Spaniel:
An American Cocker Spaniel puppy is usually taken home when it is about two months old. It was during this period that the social foundation was laid. The dog adapts to life among people. This time is characterized by increased susceptibility to external changes. The puppy is starting to get used to the new life.
Experienced breeders do not advise acquiring an adult dog, since it will cost more and it is not known how it will perceive new owners. A dog of this American breed is strongly attached to its first owner, so breaking up with him is very difficult for her.
After two months, the puppy begins to hide from strangers. In order for him to stop being afraid of strangers, it is important to try to establish his communication with all family members and guests, otherwise the dog will not socialize and grow up shy or, conversely, aggressive towards passers-by.
The grown puppy enters the next period of its life development - socialization. There is an acquaintance with the surrounding world. Sometimes the period is delayed for 2-3 months. The owner must be mentally prepared for the inevitable curiosity and excessive mobility on the part of the pet. If you don’t want your dog to chew on furniture and shit in the wrong places for the rest of his life, it’s time to start training.
After 10-12 weeks, the Cocker Spaniel may try to assume a dominant position. This is manifested not only when interacting with other dogs, but also in relation to the owner. What signs can be used to determine that a dog claims to be a leader? For example, during training, the puppy begins to bite and growl. The task of the owner is to show who is in charge here, to show severity, but not to use physical punishment.
Care
The American Cocker Spaniel is a breed that requires special care. The hardest thing to care for is long hair. During walks, dirt constantly sticks to it. The animal should be bathed at least once a week. In order to avoid various diseases, it is necessary to buy high-quality hygiene products.
Veterinarians do not advise rinsing the coat with chemical detergents.. Instead, you can make a solution yourself by diluting a tablespoon of vinegar essence or citric acid in a liter of water.
Plaque accumulates very quickly on the teeth of these dogs. From caries and tartar, only regular brushing of teeth with a bactericidal paste and a brush for animals will help. In addition, constant hygiene will get rid of the unpleasant smell from the mouth. As a preventive measure, you can give your pet special bones.
Some care is also needed for the hanging ears of the American Cocker Spaniel. It may be necessary to periodically remove the hairs inside the ears to ensure adequate ventilation. The hair is both cut and plucked. It is necessary to ensure that sulfur and dirt do not clog in the auricle. They clean the ears by pouring herbal lotion into the auricles and holding the dog's head. After a small massage, the sulfur separated from the ears is removed.
Slightly drooping eyelids do not protect the dog's eyes from pollution. Also, the mucous membrane is irritated due to hair growing near the eyes. To prevent the eyes from becoming inflamed and watery, it is advised to regularly trim the hairs in this area. The eyes are wiped using pharmaceutical preparations that provide not only an antibacterial effect, but also care for the thin skin of the eyelids. Noticing that capillaries have burst in the eyes of a pet or pus is being released, you should immediately take the dog to a veterinary clinic.
Nutrition
A balanced diet is essential to your pet's health. An adult dog should receive food at least once or twice a day. It is useful for young dogs to chew on bones, especially when teeth begin to erupt. If you dwell in more detail on what is best to feed American Cocker Spaniels, then the following foods should be in the diet:
- Lean boiled beef.
- Chicken meat.
- Boiled fish.
- Vegetables and fruits.
- Cereals (buckwheat, oatmeal).
Of course, no dry food can replace natural food, but if it is balanced and meets all established quality standards, then occasionally it can be included in the dog's menu.
The amazing beauty of a small compact dog American Cocker Spaniel is very different from his fellows in appearance and character. It is easy to see the classic features of the North American character in the dog: love of life, endless positive attitude, touching charm and, of course, terry egoism.
General description of the breed, history, character
Selection work aimed at changing the exterior provided a side result: the American Cocker differs from its fellows in the loss of the hunting instinct, but it acquired a beautiful coat and a short muzzle that is completely inappropriate for Cockers. These qualities have made the American Cocker a favorite and popular breed among breeders. It is possible to see the American Cocker at exhibitions much more often than on the hunt.
A beautiful and sweet dog has a playful, gentle character, devotion and a wonderful attitude towards children.
The American Cocker is easy to train and obedient, readily follows commands, affectionate, not aggressive towards other dogs and strangers.
The American Cocker Spaniel is distinguished by refined manners and full of dignity. An energetic dog full of enthusiasm and friendliness, always ready to play and frolic with the owner, other animals in the house. Cockers get along well with cats, close friendships are established between pets.
The American Cocker is able to stay alone at home, but not for long. The dog needs constant communication with people. Lack of proper attention will affect the character of the dog, cause a mental disorder, the dog will begin to howl, bark, spoil things.
The ideal family for a Cocker will be large and crowded, when someone is always at home. If a person has no time to deal with a dog, the owner is constantly at work, it is better not to get a friendly pet, no matter how great the desire is. Dogs are easy to socialize, enjoy life next to a person.
The described characteristics refer to well-mannered dogs, representatives of American Cockers, whose owners did not fall under the charm of kids. The crumbs are able to look like unfortunate orphans who urgently need to feel sorry, feed, caress and fulfill the slightest whim.
If a person forgets that a puppy is a dog, a pack animal, obeying certain laws of pack life, will begin to indulge indispensable whims, giving way to the leader, the cocker will sit on the owner’s neck. Moreover, the adult dominant Cocker male is not a small puppy, but a presumptuous "American", with his own rules of the pack hierarchy. An experienced instructor will have to correct the mistakes made in education.
Types, standard
- Country: USA;
- height - 35-39 cm;
- weight - 10-13 kg, but without strict limits;
- the case is quite strong, compact;
- head - with a rounded, domed skull, wide muzzle;
- bite - scissor, closed upper and lower incisors form a zigzag without a gap;
- ears - set low, long, covered with thick long hair;
- life expectancy - 12-15 years;
- group - 8 (without working tests).
The American Cocker Spaniel is considered the smallest representative of the hunting group of dogs. Dog standards are strictly defined. Deviations from the standards, depending on the severity, are considered a disadvantage or lead to disqualification. The popularity of American Cockers is high, this explains the abundance of representatives of the breed at exhibitions.
Features of maintenance, care, nutrition, physical activity
The American Cocker Spaniel is best suited for apartment life. The dog requires a lot of attention, on the contrary, the owners of American Cockers will have to make sure that keeping dogs is not at all a cheap pleasure, it requires a lot of material and time costs.
The Cocker is not able to independently monitor his own chic coat. To keep the coat from tangling, you will need to comb it daily and periodically cut it, trim it. Caring for a cocker requires a significant investment. To keep the coat in a beautiful shape, and the dog is not bothered by allergies and skin irritations, it is supposed to bathe it with the use of special expensive, but high-quality shampoos. Bathing a Cocker is allowed frequently.
Before the exhibition, the Cocker's coat needs careful care and a haircut that matches the breed.
Cocker's eyes require regular care. It is supposed to be thoroughly cleaned with soap, without the use of cotton wool, otherwise the villi will be on the mucous membrane of the eye and cause irritation. It is better to use a soft cloth. Regular eye care will help prevent infection.
Ears require constant care, during feeding it is better to tie them up at the back of the head or use dishes with a narrow neck.
Like any other dog, the American Cocker is supposed to cut his nails, brush his teeth and make sure that dirt or foreign bodies do not crumple between the toes.
When buying an American Cocker, keep in mind that Cockers are not silent dogs. Greeting acquaintances, feeling strangers, during the game, begging for a treat - the cocker barks loudly. The neighbors obviously don't like it.
The American Cocker, upon gaining great freedom, losing control of a person, not feeling leadership, ceases to be aware of what is allowed to be done and what cannot be done. It will take a lot of time to devote to raising a dog. Gaps in education will make the pet uncontrollable, instead of joy, the pet will begin to bring grief.
You can not buy an American Cocker for a child, a cute dog is not a toy to let small children play. Children do not realize that they are capable of hurting a dog. The Cocker is not a child tolerant dog and is quite capable of biting.
Many owners of American Cockers want to dress their dogs in warm clothes, especially in winter, forgetting about the presence of wool that does not allow freezing. Clothing interferes with the thermoregulation of the body, which negatively affects the quality of wool.
Disadvantages of the breed
Like many artificially bred dog breeds, American Cockers are prone to diseases, either hereditary or congenital.
Improper upbringing leads to behavioral anomalies, aggressiveness and an unreasonable panic reaction develop. At exhibitions, extremely aggressive and cowardly dogs are subject to disqualification.
Often dogs are worried about the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: the skin loses its elasticity, sensitivity and strength.
American Cockers are predisposed to heart disease, including dilated cardiomyopathy. Keratoconjunctivitis, otitis externa, pododermatitis are just a small list of diseases that can disturb an animal.
In puppies, the retina of the eyes (dysplasia) is sometimes formed incorrectly, adults get melanoma.
Sometimes dogs are affected by epilepsy.
This does not mean that deficiencies will accompany the dog, but it is better to prepare for the health difficulties of American Cockers. The breed of dogs is not among the healthy and trouble-free.
The American Cocker Spaniel sometimes lives in the family, unwittingly causing an allergic reaction to dog hair in immunocompromised family members.
Caring for the American Cocker
The main characteristics of the breed are the original appearance of the dog, thick silky hair. If you decide to purchase a representative of Cockers, keep in mind that the coat will require appropriate care. Learn how to care for an American Cocker.
First of all, you need a haircut. It is advisable to take your dog to the hairdresser every three months. You will need to trim the growing hair in the area of the ears between the toes on your own. Be sure to trim and grow claws. The Cocker's long hanging ears get dirty all the time, especially while eating. When the pet begins to have breakfast, lunch or dinner, carefully tie his ears.
Proper care of the American Cocker requires frequent bathing, about once every two weeks. Use special tools. With their help, it is much easier to cope with the silky and thick coat of a pet. Special shampoos facilitate combing, prevent tangling and the formation of lumps in the dog's coat.
American Cocker puppies should be accustomed to the brushing procedure from the beginning of the appearance in the house. Initially, the dog expresses clear displeasure. It may even begin to snap, but the procedure should become an integral part of the pet's life. Subsequently, combing should be perceived as habitual, combing the coat is required daily.
What to feed
When feeding a Cocker, it is taken into account that the food for the dog should be soft and warm. It is supposed to arrange fasting days for the pet. At this time, the cocker receives half of the daily ration. For an adult dog, you will need to allocate a fasting day with an interval of two weeks.
If we talk about proper nutrition, first of all choose a clear feeding regimen. An adult dog is fed once a day. By time, choose the period when it is convenient to prepare food for the pet.
If food in your pet's bowl is left untouched, contact your veterinarian immediately. Refusal to eat indicates a dog's illness. Never force your pet to eat unloved and unwanted food.
If you are interested in what to feed the American Cocker, give preference to products:
- Meat - beef or chicken, it is permissible to occasionally give horse meat.
- Boiled fish.
- Vegetables and fruits.
- Cereals in the form of cereals, it is possible to feed them with semolina.
- Milk in the diet of an adult dog is best avoided.
The American Cocker is allowed to be fed a balanced dry food. The main requirements when choosing a product:
- The presence of mineral supplements and vitamins in the mixture.
- Feed must meet established quality standards.
- Mandatory presence of clean drinking water in a bowl.
If you are wondering what to feed American Cocker puppies, you can use high quality puppy food or natural products. Young dogs are encouraged to include bones in their diet, especially during teething.
dog training
Initially, the American Cocker dog breed was used in hunting, but has long become a decorative breed, whose representatives take part in exhibitions.
Dogs of the breed easily adapt to any conditions, including living in an apartment or in a private house. Given the friendly and affectionate nature of the Cocker, dogs are ideal for keeping in families with small children.
American Cocker dogs are smart and quite accommodating, they understand the requirements of the owner well, they easily make contact and are easy to train. But, despite the positive qualities, it is required to teach the dog commands and instill certain skills. You should not think that such a smart and calm dog will be able to get to training on his own.
The American Cocker breed is easily trained during the game, outdoor games are an important and necessary thing in the life of Cockers. By nature, representatives of the breed are extremely inquisitive. This quality makes it easy to learn.
The training of the American Cocker should be easy. You can not force a dog, in particular American Cocker puppies, to carry out commands forcibly. This will backfire. Cocker does not go to take a leading position in the family. Dogs are not so stubborn and arrogant, they easily accept the owner as the main one.
It is necessary to properly care for the American Cocker and be able to raise a pet, understand it. Constant training helps to avoid difficulties in the future. Obeying the owner, the dog learns to behave calmly in a house or apartment, while left to itself.
Education begins gradually at an early age. As a rule, at first, puppies are taught the simplest commands: “No”, “Stand”, “Sit”. Gradually, the requirements become more complicated, only when the pet begins to clearly follow simple commands. Don't overload your dog with too much information.
With appropriate training, the Cocker will become an indispensable assistant to the owner. If you have a hobby in the form of hunting, remember the hunting skills of your pet. With proper education, there is no better assistant.
The American Cocker Spaniel is a small dog breed well suited for apartment living.
- Loving, sweet and gentle, the well-mannered American Cocker Spaniel is great for families and gets along well in any size home.
- Even well-behaved dogs are very sensitive to handling and intonation and may take offense at rude or undeserved treatment.
- They need good care. Be prepared to take the time or pay for grooming services.
- During the game, they get carried away and use their teeth, which for children can end in tears and scratches. Wean the puppy from this from the very beginning.
- They love to serve people and respond well to positive reinforcement. They are smart and learn quickly.
- They can bark loudly and it is important to train the dog to respond to the “quiet” command.
History of the breed
The word spanyell appears at the end of the 11th century as the name of a dog breed, where span means their homeland - Spain.
The first Cocker Spaniel was registered in America in 1878, it was a male named Captain. By 1881 the first club had already been formed, the American Cocker Spaniel Club, which would later become the American Spaniel Club (ASC).
It still exists today and is the oldest club in the United States. The founders of the club wanted to create a breed standard that is different from all other spaniel breeds.
Originally a hunting dog, spaniels evolved into toy dogs that were required to be smaller and have beautiful coats. They differ from English Cocker Spaniels in having a short muzzle, softer coat, and are generally smaller and lighter. The differences between them are so obvious that in 1935 the English Cocker Spaniel Club is formed and it is forbidden to mate different types.
The sire of all American Cocker Spaniels, the male named Obo II differed: “significantly from modern dogs, being only 25 cm at the withers and with a long body, but was considered a magnificent dog and was very popular.”
So, these dogs broke away and became a separate breed. However, in England it was not recognized, which did not interfere with popularity in the United States. Only in 1970, the English Kennel Club (UK Kennel Club), recognizes the American as a separate breed. This gives popularity even more scope, the number of victories grows significantly.
Description
Short, American Cocker Spaniels measure 34-39 cm at the withers, the breed standard states that males over 39 cm, and females over 37 are disqualified. Their weight ranges from 11 to 14 kg, females are lighter than males. The body is proportional, with medium length hair on the body and ears, and long on the belly and legs.
The head makes the breed recognizable, it has a rounded skull, a pronounced transition from the forehead to the muzzle, and square lips. Ears hanging, long, covered with hair. The eyes are dark, large and rounded. The color of the nose can be black or brown, depending on the color.
There are many colors, divided into three main groups: black/black and tan, solid colors other than black (ASCOB), and spotted. American Cocker Spaniels differ from English Cocker Spaniels in their rounded eyes, skull, short muzzle, and pronounced brow ridges. In addition, the English are slightly larger and reach 37–39 cm at the withers.
Character
Like , these spaniels are adult puppies for life. When properly socialized, they are active, playful, intelligent and sweet dogs, even the breed standard describes them as: "equal temperament, without a hint of shyness." They love people and games, and take offense at rough handling.
Because of their small size and peaceful nature, American Cocker Spaniels are very popular with families. Playful and lively, this dog is still smart and trusting. Although he still has the instinct of a hunter, for the most part he is a domestic companion. It is with his family that he is gentle and obedient. He will be wary of strangers, but will quickly make friends.
Americans get along well with children, especially those who are gentle with them. However, they themselves can use their sharp teeth during the game, and the case for the child will end in scratches. They do this not because they want to cause harm, they simply flirt. Try to wean this puppy from an early age.
Raised together, they are friendly with other animals, including cats, but they can catch birds. They are capable of training, but have a sensitive and vulnerable soul.
Early socialization is important, getting to know different people, places, smells and animals. They perceive well the method of reward for good behavior, and badly screams, threats and swearing.
Health
The life expectancy of the American is 10-11 years, which is two years less than dogs of similar size and is below the average life expectancy of purebred breeds. Larger English at the same time live a year longer.
In 2004, the UK Kennel Club conducted a study according to which the causes of death were: cancer (23%), age (20%), cardiology (8%), diseases of the immune system (8%).
Previously, this breed was very popular and actively bred for sale, entire farms arose. This significantly worsened their character and led to an increase in hereditary genetic diseases and poor health.
American Cocker Spaniels are particularly susceptible to ear and sometimes eye problems. Ear problems are common to all breeds with long, drooping ears, so be sure to check them regularly. Glaucoma, cataracts are very common among these dogs. The Cocker Club of America recommends regular fundus examinations for all dogs, especially for breeding dogs.
Autoimmune diseases are quite common, among them hemolytic anemia.
Care
Luxurious, silky wool that you see during exhibitions and which is so beautiful did not appear on its own. It takes time and money to take care of her. Because of this, owners often cut their Cockers short, but even this coat requires maintenance. Once a week, it needs to be combed out, removing dead hairs and trimmed regularly.
If you want your dog to look luxurious, you need something more than brushing and trimming his nails once a week. The services of a professional groomer are good for you, but you can learn how to care for yourself.
The cost of the equipment will pay off quickly, you will not be tied to someone else's schedule and establish an even more trusting relationship with your dog.
Since their ears are prone to infections, check them once a week for redness, bad smell or pus.
Especially carefully inspect the ears of puppies, they are prone to profuse sulfur during growth. Clean the ears with a cotton swab and a hygienic solution, and in case of problems, go to the veterinarian immediately.
The rest of the care is the same as for other breeds. Trim the nails every few weeks, you should not hear the clatter when the dog walks on the parquet.
Brush your teeth regularly to avoid gum problems and feed quality pet food.
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