Caucasus mountains. From the Taman Peninsula to the Apsheron Peninsula, between the Black and Caspian Seas, the mountain system of the Caucasus stretches, consisting of Ciscaucasia, the Main Caucasian Range and Transcaucasia.
Ciscaucasia can be divided into Western and Eastern. Western Ciscaucasia is flat, lowland. In its center lies the Stavropol Upland with heights up to 832 m. To the south-east of the upland stand-alone mountains rise - laccoliths. The eastern Ciscaucasia is occupied by the lowland, which sticks together with the Caspian.
The Greater Caucasus consists of the Main Caucasian Range and the ranges extending from it. The northern slope of the Main Range is more gentle than the southern one. The highest peaks of the Greater Caucasus Elbrus, Kazbek, Shkhara - more than 5 km above sea level. Many peaks of the Caucasus are covered with snow and glaciers. Karst caves are often found here.
Transcaucasia is located south of the Main Caucasian Range. It consists of the Colchis and Kura-Araks lowlands, separated by the watershed Suram Range. To the south is the mountain system of the Lesser Caucasus,
In the Caucasus, there are also very ancient rocks (gneisses, shales, marble, quartzites) and rocks of later eras. The Paleozoic is represented by granites, the Devonian - by clay shales, sandstones, tuffs.
On the border between the Triassic and Jurassic, the Caucasus experienced a general uplift associated with the transition to Alpine folding, when the Caucasus turned into a high-mountainous country. As early as the Quaternary, the volcanoes Elbrus, Kazbek, Aragats and others were active.
Ural mountains. This is a mountainous country stretching from north to south along the border of Europe and Asia for more than 2000 km and separating two vast plains - East European and West Siberian. The southern border of the Urals - the valley of the Ural River - below the city of Orsk. The width of the Ural Mountains is from 60 to 150 km. The western foothills of the Urals gradually pass into the East European Plain and are called the Cis-Urals. In the east, the Urals pass into the Trans-Urals with a ledge.
The Ural is one of the old, heavily destroyed, low mountain ranges. This is a complex folded system that formed on the site of the vast Ural-Tien Shan geosyncline, which separated the East European and East Siberian platforms. The folds of the earth's crust were formed in the area of the geosyncline at the end of the Carboniferous and the beginning of the Permian periods. The sea on the Russian platform existed throughout the Permian period.
In the following time, external and internal forces gradually destroyed the mountain ranges. In the Jurassic, the leveled surface to the east of the modern Urals subsided and was occupied by seas until the Paleogene. By relief, climate and vegetation, the Ural Mountains are usually divided into three parts: the Northern Urals (from the shores of the Kara Sea to 61 ° N), the Middle Urals (from 61 to 55 ° N) and the Southern Urals (from 55 ° NL to the Ural River).
In the Northern Urals, where its main peak is located - Mount Narodnaya (1894 m), there are small glaciers. Their formation is caused not so much by the height of the mountains as by the severity of the climate.
The Middle Urals are much lower than the Northern and Southern ones; it forms, as it were, a saddle in relation to them. Mountain passes in the southern part of the Middle Urals lie at an altitude of 300-400 m and are only slightly elevated above the neighboring areas of the East European and West Siberian plains. That is why most of the railway lines connecting Europe and Asia are laid here.
In the Southern Urals, the highest peak is Yamantau (1646 m). It is located in its central part. From here to the south the mountain ranges drop.
Posted Wed, 22/04/2015 - 08:40 by Cap
Avachinskaya Sopka (Avacha) is an active volcano in Kamchatka, in the southern part of the Eastern Range, north of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, in the interfluve of the Avacha and Nalychev rivers. It belongs to the volcanoes of the Somma-Vesuvius type.
The height is 2741 m, the top is cone-shaped. The cone is composed of basaltic and andesitic lavas, tuffs and slag. The diameter of the crater is 400 m, there are numerous fumaroles. As a result of the eruption that occurred in 1991, a massive lava plug formed in the crater of the volcano. At the top of the volcano (together with the Kozelsky volcano) there are 10 glaciers on an area of 10.2 km².
The lower slopes of the volcano are covered with forests of dwarf pine and stone birch, in the upper part - glaciers and snow. The glacier on the northern slope is named after the Far Eastern explorer Arsenyev.
At the foot of the volcano there is a volcanological station of the Institute of Volcanology of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
As a rule, the highest peaks of the Sikhote-Alin have a sharply defined contour and are covered with large stone placers in vast areas. The relief forms resemble badly destroyed circuses and mountain glaciation karts.
They are composed of sandy-shale deposits with numerous breakthroughs of intrusions, which led to the presence of deposits of gold, tin and polymetals. In tectonic depressions within the Sikhote-Alin deposits of hard and brown coal.
In the foothills, basalt plateaus are common, of which the largest plateau in terms of area is west of Sovetskaya Gavan. Plateau areas are also found on the main watershed. The largest is the Zevinsky plateau, on the watershed of the upper reaches of the Bikin and the rivers flowing into the Tatar Strait. In the south and east, the Sikhote-Alin is represented by steeply sloping mid-mountain ranges, in the west by numerous longitudinal valleys and basins, and at altitudes of more than 900 m - bald mountains. In general, the Sikhote-Alin has an asymmetric transverse profile. The western macroslope is more gentle than the eastern one. Accordingly, the rivers flowing to the west are longer. This feature is reflected in the very name of the ridge. Translated from the Manchu language - the ridge of large western rivers.
№ Mountain Altitude (m)
1 Tordoki-Yani 2090 Khabarovsk Territory, Nanai district
2 Ko 2003 Khabarovsk Territory, district named after Lazo
3 Yako-Yani 1955 Khabarovsk Territory
4 Anik 1933 Primorsky Territory, Pozharsky District
5 Durhe 1903 Khabarovsk Territory, district named after. Lazo
6 Cloudy 1855 Primorsky Krai, Chuguevsky district
7 Bolotnaya 1814 Primorsky Territory, Pozharsky District
8 Sputnik 1805 Khabarovsk Territory, district im. Lazo
9 Acute 1788 Primorsky Territory, Terneisky District
10 Arseniev 1757 Primorsky Territory, Pozharsky District
11 High 1745 Primorsky Krai,
12 Snezhnaya 1684 Primorsky Territory, Chuguevsky District
13 Alder 1668 Primorsky Territory, Partizansky District
14 Lysaya 1554 Primorsky Territory, Partizansky/Lazovsky districts
15 Taunga 1459 Khabarovsk Territory
16 Izyubrinaya 1433 Primorsky Territory
Along the main ridge and some spurs there are several dozens of granite bald mountains with a height of 1500 to 2000 m with eternal (perennial) snowfields on the northern slopes, with areas of mountain tundra and alpine vegetation. In the mountains, especially along the main ridge and on the spurs closest to it, extensive forests have been preserved, mostly dark coniferous, but now there are already large massifs of deciduous trees. In some places, above the blue of the mountain taiga, rise like islands, bare peaks with alpine landscapes and snowfields.
You can trace a whole chain of these peaks: Heavenly Teeth (2178), Bolshoy Kanym (1870), Bolshoi Taskyl (1448), Church (1450), Suitcase (1858), Cross (1648), Bobrovaya (1673), Pukh-taskyl (1818) ), Chelbak-taskyl, Bear char, Chest, Kugu-tu, Belaya, etc.
Most of the high bald peaks are concentrated in the central part of the mountain system, in the area between 88°-89° east longitude and 55°-53° north latitude. This highest part of the Kuznetsk Alatau is known locally as Belogorye.
To the north of Big Taskyl the mountains go down. Along the main ridge, they already have a height of less than 1000 meters. In the northern part, the mountain system takes on a fan-shaped appearance and turns into ridges of hills stretching to the Trans-Siberian Railway.
WHITE RIVER, Ural
The Urals is rich in minerals and minerals. In the bowels of the Ural Mountains there are iron and copper ores, chromium, nickel, cobalt, zinc, coal, oil, gold, precious stones. The Urals has long been the largest mining and metallurgical base of the country. The riches of the Ural nature also include forest resources. The southern, subpolar and middle Urals provide the possibility of farming.
Along the southern and southeastern for hundreds of kilometers stretches the high ridge Khamar-daban - one of the most picturesque mountainous regions of Eastern Siberia. The peaks of Khamar-daban, which are "bald mountains" with stone placers, rise above the belt of woody vegetation, reaching more than 2000 m abs. high
The most elevated is the eastern part of Khamar-daban, where some peaks are up to 2300 m above sea level. m. The northern slopes of the ridge narrow steeply towards Baikal, the eastern slopes more gently approach the river valley. Selenga. Going into Lake Baikal, the spurs of Khamar-daban in many places form the most picturesque rocky capes.
Very picturesque mountains, many mountain lakes, waterfalls, caves and mountain rivers! Actively visited by tourists!
It stretches in a latitudinal direction in a strip, gradually narrowing from 200 to 80 km, from the upper reaches of the Abakan River to the junction with the ridges of the Eastern Sayan in the upper reaches of the Kazyr, Uda and Kizhi-Khem rivers. From the north, the Minusinsk basin adjoins the Western Sayan, and from the south - the Tuva basin.
The ridges of the Western Sayan are elongated mainly in the latitudinal direction.
The inner ridge is much lower than the Main one (up to 600 - 760 m above sea level). It stretches parallel to the Main and is separated from it by an inter-ridge depression of 10 - 25 km. In places, there are isolated low mountains and short ridges with flat tops, formed during the erosion of the Inner Ridge. These are the remnant mountains Mangup, Eski-Kermen, Tepe-Kermen and others - natural bastions on which fortress cities were built in the Middle Ages.
Above sea level is about 250 m, the maximum is 325 m. It lies to the north of the Inner and is separated from it by a depression 3 to 8 km wide. The outer ridge is most clearly expressed between Simferopol and Sevastopol. It gradually decreases to the north and imperceptibly passes into the Plain Crimea.
The Inner and Outer Ridges are not only lower than the Main Ridge, but are also distinguished by a flat, even surface, slightly inclined to the northwest. It is they who form the foothills of the Crimean mountains.
On the Kerch Peninsula, two regions are distinguished, delimited by the low Parpach Ridge. In the southwest it is an undulating plain with a variety of isolated uplands, in the northeast it is a hilly-ridged area.
The soils of Crimea are very diverse. Each physical-geographical region has its own species. Solonetzic and solonetzic soils predominate in the Sivash region; to the south, in the flat part of the peninsula, there are chestnut and so-called southern chernozems (heavy loamy and clayey with underlying loess-like rocks); mountain-meadow and mountain chernozems have formed on the yayla; on the slopes of the Main Ridge, covered with forests, brown mountain-forest soils are common. special brown soils similar to subtropical red soils.
(Ukrainian: Krimski gori, Crimean Tatar: Qırım dağları, Kyrym dağlary), in the past also the Tauride Mountains - a mountain system that occupies the southern and southeastern part of the Crimean peninsula.
The mountain system is formed by three mountain ranges, stretching from Cape Aya in the vicinity of Balaklava in the west to Cape St. Elijah near Feodosia in the east. The Crimean Mountains are about 160 km long and about 50 km wide. The outer ridge is a series of cuestas, gradually rising to a height of about 350 m. The inner ridge reaches a height of 750 m.
All researchers of the Crimea note that they are directed from the northeast to the southwest, separated by two longitudinal valleys. All three ridges have the same character of the slopes: from the north they are gentle, and from the south they are steep. If we take into account the age of the rocks, then the beginning of the first ridge should be considered Cape Fiolent, since the same rocks that make up the first ridge predominate here. The outer ridge stretches to the city of Stary Krym, the height of the ridge ranges from 149 m to 350 m. The inner ridge originates near Sevastopol (Sapun Gora) and also ends near the city of Stary Krym, the height is from 490 m to 750 m. The main ridge is in the west begins near Balaklava and ends with Mount Agarmysh, near the town of Stary Krym. The top surface of the main ridge is a wavy plateau and is called yayla.
(pinyin: Tiānshān shānmài, Kirg. Ala-Too, Kaz. Aspan-Tau, Tanir shyny, Tanir tau, Uzbek Tyan Shan, Mong. Tenger-uul) is a mountain system located in Central Asia on the territory of four countries: Kyrgyzstan, China (Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region), Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan.The name Tien Shan in Chinese means "heavenly mountains". According to E. M. Murzaev, this name is a tracing paper from the Turkic Tengritag, formed from the words: Tengri (Sky, God, divine) and tag (mountain).
The Tien Shan system includes the following orographic regions:
Northern Tien Shan: Ketmen, Zailiysky Alatau, Kungei-Alatau and Kirgizsky ridges;
Eastern Tien Shan: Borohoro, Iren-Khabyrga, Bogdo-Ula, Karlyktag Halyktau, Sarmin-Ula, Kuruktag ridges
Western Tien Shan: Karatau, Talas Alatau, Chatkal, Pskem and Ugam ranges;
Southwestern Tien Shan: ridges framing the Fergana Valley and including the southwestern slope of the Fergana Range;
Inner Tien Shan: from the north it is bounded by the Kirghiz ridge and the Issyk-Kul basin, from the south by the Kokshaltau ridge, from the west by the Ferghana ridge, from the east by the Akshiyrak mountain range.
The Tien Shan Mountains are considered one of the highest in the world, among them there are more than thirty peaks over 6000 meters high. The highest point of the mountain system is Pobeda Peak (Tomur, 7439 m), located on the border of Kyrgyzstan and the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China; the next in height is the Khan-Tengri peak (6995 m) on the border of Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan.
Three mountain ranges diverge from the Central Tien Shan to the west, separated by intermountain basins (Issyk-Kul with Lake Issyk-Kul, Naryn, At-Bashyn, etc.) and connected in the west by the Ferghana Range.
In the Eastern Tien Shan there are two parallel mountain ranges (height 4-5 thousand meters), separated by depressions (height 2-3 thousand meters). Highly elevated (3-4 thousand m) leveled surfaces - syrts are characteristic. The total area of glaciers is 7.3 thousand km², the largest is South Inylchek. Rapids rivers - Naryn, Chu, Ili, etc. Mountain steppes and semi-deserts dominate: meadow-steppes and forests (mainly coniferous) on the northern slopes, higher subalpine and alpine meadows, so-called cold deserts on syrts.
From west to east is 2500 km. Mountain system in Wed. and Center. Asia. Length from 3. to E. 2500 km. Alpine folding, the remains of ancient leveled surfaces are preserved at an altitude of 3000-4000 m in the form of syrts. Modern tectonic activity is high, earthquakes are frequent. The mountain ranges are composed of igneous rocks, and the basins are composed of sedimentary rocks. Deposits of mercury, antimony, lead, cadmium, zinc, silver, in the basins - oil.
The relief is predominantly alpine, with glacial forms, scree, above 3200 m permafrost is common. There are flat intermountain basins (Fergana, Issyk-Kul, Naryn). The climate is continental, temperate. Snowfields and glaciers. The rivers belong to the basins of internal flow (Naryn, Ili, Chu, Tarim, etc.), lakes. Issyk-Kul, Song-Kel, Chatyr-Kel.
The first European explorer of the Tien Shan in 1856 was Pyotr Petrovich Semyonov, who received the title "Semyonov-Tyan-Shansky" for his work.
PIK PUTIN
Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan Almazbek Atambayev signed an order to name one of the peaks of the Tien Shan named after Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin.
"The height of this peak reaches 4,500 meters above sea level. It is located in the Ak-Suu river basin, on the territory of the Chui region," the office of the head of the Kyrgyz government said.
One of the peaks of the Tien Shan in the Issyk-Kul region of Kyrgyzstan bears the name of the first president of Russia, Boris Yeltsin.
7439 m) rises on the state border of the USSR and China. Nearby on the territory of the USSR rises Khan-Tengri peak (6995 m). This border high-mountain region with the highest ridges and largest glaciers, located to the east of the glaciated Akshiyrak massif, is now called by some researchers the Central Tien Shan, meaning its central position in the system of the entire Tien Shan (including the eastern, Chinese part). The space located to the west of this region is a high internal highland, bordered on all sides by barriers of high mountain ranges (Kyrgyz and Terskey-Ala-Too from the north, Fergana from the southwest, Kakshaal-Too from the southeast), which formerly called the Central Tien Shan, received the apt name of the Inner Tien Shan. In addition, the Northern Tien Shan is distinguished, which includes the Ketmen, Kungei-Ala-Too, Kirghiz, Zailiysky Alatau, Chu-Ili mountains, and the Western Tien Shan, which includes the Talas Alatau and the ridges extending from it: Ugamsky, Pskemsky , Chatkal with Kuraminsky, Karatau.
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SOURCE OF INFORMATION AND PHOTO:
Team Nomads
M.F. Velichko. "Across the Western Sayan". M .: "Physical culture and sport", 1972.
Geography of the USSR
Nature of Baikal
Ural mountains
Mountains of Russia
http://gruzdoff.ru/
Wikipedia site
http://www.photosight.ru/
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The Caucasus is a mountain system located in Eurasia between the Black and Caspian Seas. The mountain chain stretches for 1100 km from the Taman Peninsula and Anapa to the Absheron Peninsula near the city of Baku.
This territory is usually divided according to several criteria: into the Greater and Lesser Caucasus, as well as into the Western (from the Black Sea to Elbrus), Central (from Elbrus to Kazbek) and Eastern (from Kazbek to the Caspian Sea). The mountain system reaches its greatest width in the central part (180 km). The mountain peaks of the Central Caucasus are the highest on the Main Caucasian (Dividing) Range.
The most famous mountain peaks of the Caucasus are Mount Elbrus (5642 m) and Mount Kazbek (5033 m). Both peaks are stratovolcanoes. Moreover, Kazbek is considered to be extinct, which cannot be said about Elbrus. The opinions of experts on this matter vary. The slopes of the two highest mountains of the Caucasus are covered with snow and glaciers. The Central Caucasus accounts for up to 70% of modern glaciation. For more than a century of observations of the glaciers of the Caucasus, their area has significantly decreased.
To the north, from the foot of the Greater Caucasus, an inclined plain extends, which ends with the Kumo-Manych depression. Its territory is dissected by lateral ridges and river valleys. The largest rivers in this area can be considered the river. Kuban and Terek. To the south of the Greater Caucasus are the Colchis and Kura-Araks lowlands.
The Caucasus Mountains can be considered young. They were formed in the era of Alpine folding about 28-23 million years ago. Their formation is due to the movement of the Arabian lithospheric plate to the north to the Eurasian one. The latter, pressed by the African plate, moves several centimeters a year.
Tectonic processes in the depths of the Caucasus continue to this day. The geological structure of Elbrus speaks of the great activity of the volcano in the recent past. Several powerful earthquakes occurred in the Caucasus in the 20th century. The most devastating was the earthquake in Armenia in 1988.
Seismic stations operating throughout the Caucasus annually register several hundred earthquakes. Experts say that some sections of the Caucasus Range "grow" by several centimeters per year.
Caucasus in Europe or in Asia?
This issue should be considered more in political and historical aspects. The Caucasus Mountains are located in the center of the Eurasian Plate, so the division can only be conditional. The border between Europe and Asia was proposed by the Swedish officer and geographer F. Stralenberg in 1730. The border that passed through the Ural Mountains and the Kuma-Manych depression was accepted by many scientists.
Despite this, several alternative proposals were proposed at different times, which justified the division of Europe and Asia along the Caucasus Mountains. Despite ongoing disputes, Elbrus is still considered the highest point in Europe. The history of the region suggests the special position of the Caucasus at the crossroads between European and East Asian cultures.
The highest mountains of the Caucasus
- Elbrus (5642 m). KBR, KChR. The highest point in Russia
- Dykhtau (5204 m). CBD
- Koshtantau (5122 m). CBD
- Pushkin Peak (5100 m). CBD
- Dzhangitau (5058 m). CBD
- Shkhara (5201 m). CBD. The highest point of Georgia
- Kazbek (5034 m). The highest point of North Ossetia
- Mizhirgi Western (5022 m). CBD
- Tetnuld (4974 m). Georgia
- Katyntau (4970 m). CBD
- Peak Shota Rustaveli (4960 m). CBD
- Gestola (4860 m). CBD
- Jimara (4780 m). Georgia, North Ossetia
- Ushba (4690 m). Georgia, North Ossetia
- Gulchitau (4447 m). CBD
- Tebulosmta (4493 m). The highest point of Chechnya
- Bazarduzu (4466 m). The highest point of Dagestan and Azerbaijan
- Shan (4451 m). The highest point of Ingushetia
- Adai-Khokh (4408 m). North Ossetia
- Diclosmta (4285 m). Chechnya
- Shahdag (4243 m). Azerbaijan
- Tufandag (4191 m). Azerbaijan
- Shalbuzdag (4142 m). Dagestan
- Aragats (4094). The highest point of Armenia
- Dombay-Ulgen (4046 m). KChR
How many five-thousanders are in the Caucasus?
It is customary to call Caucasian five-thousanders mountains whose height exceeds five kilometers. From the list above, it is clear that Caucasus eight mountains "five-thousanders«:
- Elbrus(5642 m) is a dormant volcano and the highest mountain in Russia. The mountain consists of two peaks Western (5642 m) and Eastern (5621 m), connected by a saddle (5416 m).
- Dykhtau(5204 m) - mountain peak of the Lateral Range of the Greater Caucasus. The mountain consists of two peaks (both over 5000 m high), connected by a steep narrow saddle. The first ascent to the mountain took place in 1888. To date, about ten routes have been laid to the top of Dykhtau with a difficulty of 4A (according to the Russian classification).
- Koshtantau(5122 m) - a mountain peak on the border of Bezenga and the mountainous region of Balkaria.
- Pushkin Peak(5100 m) - being part of the Dykhtau mountain range, it is a separate peak. Named after A.S. Pushkin to the 100th anniversary of his death.
- Dzhangitau(5058 m) - a mountain peak in the central part of the Greater Caucasus. There are three peaks in the Dzhangitau massif, all of which have a height of more than five kilometers.
- Shkhara(5201 m) - a mountain peak of the Central Caucasus, which is part of the Bezengi wall.
- Kazbek(5034 m) is an extinct stratovolcano, the easternmost five-thousander of the Caucasus. The first ascent of the mountain was made in 1868.
- Mizhirgi Western(5022 m) - a mountain peak as part of the Bezengi wall. The name of the mountain is translated from Karachay-Balkar as "connecting".
author Ilya olganov asked a question in Other about cities and countries
Which mountains are higher Ural or Caucasian? and got the best answer
Answer from Lena.[guru]
The highest point of the Caucasus Mountains is Mount Elbrus, its height is 5642m. And the highest point of the Ural Mountains is Mount Narodnaya. height 1895m.
Answer from Just Its[guru]
Caucasian.
Answer from Kyz[guru]
Caucasian of course...
Answer from #####
[guru]
The Caucasus Mountains (Georgian კავკასიონი, Armenian Կովկաս, Azerbaijani Qafqaz, Karach-Balk. Caucasus taula, Tur. Kafkas Dağları) is a mountain system between the Black and Caspian Seas.
Highest point
Elbrus (5642 m)
It is divided into two mountain systems: the Greater Caucasus and the Lesser Caucasus.
The Greater Caucasus stretches for more than 1100 km from the northwest to the southeast, from the Anapa region and the Taman Peninsula to the Absheron Peninsula on the Caspian coast, near Baku. The Greater Caucasus reaches its maximum width in the Elbrus region (up to 180 km). In the axial part there is the Main Caucasian (or Dividing) Range, to the north of which a number of parallel ridges (mountain ranges) extend, including a monoclinal (kuest) character. The southern slope of the Greater Caucasus mostly consists of echelon-shaped ridges adjacent to the Main Caucasian ridge. Traditionally, the Greater Caucasus is divided into 3 parts: the Western Caucasus (from the Black Sea to Elbrus), the Central Caucasus (from Elbrus to Kazbek) and the Eastern Caucasus (from Kazbek to the Caspian Sea).
The Greater Caucasus is a region with a large modern glaciation. The total number of glaciers is about 2,050, and their area is approximately 1,400 km². More than half of the glaciation of the Greater Caucasus is concentrated in the Central Caucasus (50% of the number and 70% of the area of glaciation). Major centers of glaciation are Mount Elbrus and the Bezengi wall. The largest glacier in the Greater Caucasus is the Bezengi glacier (about 17 km long).
The Lesser Caucasus is connected to the Greater Caucasus by the Likhi Ridge, in the west it is separated from it by the Colchis Lowland, in the east by the Kura Depression. The length is about 600 km, the height is up to 3724 m.
The Ural Mountains are a mountain system between the East European and West Siberian plains. The length is more than 2000 (with Pai-Khoi and Mugodzhary - more than 2500) km, the width is from 40 to 150 km.
Highest point
Narodnaya town (1,875 m)
Answer from Irim[guru]
the Ural mountains are not high, but the beauty is unique!
Answer from Elena Zhirkova[guru]
caucasian
Answer from Mila Ilyasova[newbie]
why will they save themselves from disasters in the Western Urals: because of the height of the terrain, the ability to live without electricity, fertile land, or ...?
Answer from Yeaid Nabiev[newbie]
caucasian
Answer from Lerachka Lefterova[newbie]
caucasian
Answer from Irina Kudryashova[newbie]
caucasian
The time of formation of mountains is estimated in millions of years. Their occurrence occurs due to the collision of tectonic plates that formed the earth's crust.
Andean Cordillera
Name the longest mountains in the world, can you do it? You, without hesitation, will surely remember the Andes. They are located in South America. Their name is translated from the Inca language as "copper mountains". They have no equal on our planet.
For those who do not know what are the longest mountains in the world, it is worth saying that the length of the Andean Cordillera is an unprecedented value. It is equal to nine thousand kilometers.
This long mountain range originates from the Caribbean Sea. At the same time, he reaches the Tierra del Fuego itself.
The highest peak of the Copper Mountains
The process of formation of the Andean Coldillera continues at the present time. Sometimes the mountain range makes itself felt by volcanic eruptions. Often there are earthquakes. The formation process ends with the uplift of rocks.
Huge folds of stone rise to imposing heights.
Mount Akonkagau is considered the highest peak of the Andean Cordillera. Its maximum mark is 6962 m.
Key Features of the Andean Cordillera
If you are asked the question: “Name the longest mountains in the world and describe them,” then it is worth mentioning their other parameter. The maximum width of the chain of these unique ranges is seven hundred and fifty kilometers. This value was recorded in the Andean Highlands in the Central Andes. There are places where the width of the Copper Mountain is five hundred kilometers.
But a large area of the Andean Coldiriers is occupied by a plateau. It is called Pune. The height of the mountain range here is on average about four kilometers.
According to experts, Copper Mountain is a relatively young formation. The process of its formation was completed about several million years ago. Fossils began to emerge in the Precambrian and also in the Paleozoic period. It was then that land areas began to appear in place of the boundless ocean. And for a long period, the area where the Andes are now located was either a sea or a piece of land.
The longest ridge in the world also serves as a very large watershed between the oceans. In the Copper Mountain is the source of the famous. Its tributaries also originate there. The Andean Cordilleras serve as the beginning of many large rivers of the South American continent, which flow through Paraguay, Orinoco and the state of Parana.
Climatic conditions
If your task is to be concluded in the question: "Name the longest mountains in the world and the temperature zones in which they are located," then it is worth mentioning their insulating purpose. For the mainland, the Andean Coldiriers serve as a climatic barrier. The fact is that they perfectly isolate the land from the influence of the Atlantic from the west. The ridges protect the mainland and from the Pacific Ocean from the east.
Given the length of the mountain chain, it is not at all surprising that the Andes are located in more than one climatic zone. These are subtropical temperate and southern tropical, equatorial, as well as southern and northern subequatorial. The mountain range stretches through all six of the above climatic zones. In this regard, in different parts of the chain of ridges, the existing landscape is radically different. The difference in it is also observed due to the precipitation of different amounts of precipitation. If on the western slopes this value is up to ten thousand millimeters, then on the southern slopes it is much less.
Relief division
If you have to answer the question: "Name the longest mountains in the world and their main components," then you should describe the regions into which the Andean Cordilleras are divided. According to the relief, the central, southern and northern Andes are distinguished. Each region has its own ranges. The North includes the Caribbean, Ecuadorian, and also the Northwestern Andes. The main mountains are separated by the depressions of two rivers - Magdalena and Cauca. In the same zones there are a large number of volcanoes. One of them is Willa. Its height is 5750 m. But the Ruiz volcano reached a mark of 5400 meters.
In the Ecuadorian Andes there is a whole chain of high volcanoes. The most notable giant is Chimborazo. Its highest elevation is 6267 m. A little lower than its Cotopaxi (5896 m). This mountain chain passes through the territory of seven states located on the South American continent at once. Among them are Colombia and Ecuador, Venezuela and Bolivia, Peru and Chile, as well as Argentina. The highest point of the Andes is at around 6769 m. It belongs to Mount Huascaran.
The Southern Andes are divided into Chile-Argentine and Patagonian. The highest peak of this part is Tupungato. It rises to 6800 m. A little lower is Mount Medcedario. Its height is 6770 m.
picturesque slopes
If you are asked: "Name the longest mountains in the world and describe this unique place," then you should tell about the extraordinary beauty of the chain of ridges. Moreover, this mountain system in each state has its own zest. So, in the Venezuelan Andes, shrubs and deciduous forests grow on red soils. The slopes from the central to the northwestern part of the mountain range can boast of another landscape. They are covered with equatorial and tropical forests. Here you can find bananas and ficuses, cocoa and palm trees, creepers and bamboos. There are also such sections of the Andean Cordillera that are covered with lifeless rocky spaces or moss swamps. And everything that is above four and a half kilometers is snow and eternal ice.
Animal world
The Andes are distinguished by a wide variety of fauna. They are home to alpacas and llamas, and here you can see the relic spectacled bear, sloths, blue foxes, chinchillas and hummingbirds. In other words, those representatives of the animal world, which in Russia are found only in the zoo.
The Andes are considered to be home to more than nine hundred species of amphibians, six hundred species of mammals and two thousand species of birds. Local rivers are also distinguished by a large variety of fish (about 400 species).
Ural mountains
What are the longest mountains in Russia? Ural. This mountain system stretches between the West Siberian and East European plains. The length is almost 2000, and with Mugodzhary and Nai-Khoi - 2600 km.
What are the longest parameters in width? The minimum is 40 km. In some places, the width of the mountain range reaches 150 km.
History of occurrence
The formation of the Ural ranges took place in the late Paleozoic period. It was an era of intensive mountain building. The formation of the massif itself began about three hundred and fifty million years ago. It was the late Devonian. The process ended almost two hundred million years ago.
In the Ural zones, deformed and often metamorphosed rocks of the mountain type rise above the surface. They belong to the Paleozoic era.
Geographical zones
The Ural massif is conditionally divided into five parts. Allocate South and Middle. There is the Northern and Subpolar, as well as the Polar.
The widest part of the mountain range is the Southern Urals. Its eastern slopes are covered with forest-steppe and a large number of lakes. The landscape of the western side of the south of the mountain chain is a steppe. A little to the north it is replaced by forests.
The Middle Urals is the lowest and narrowest part of the mountain range. The slopes of the mountains in this zone are covered with coniferous forests.
The climate is more severe. The slopes of the mountains in this zone are covered with forests, in which there are many berries and mushrooms.
The highest region is the Subpolar Urals. In its central part there is Narodnaya Peak. It rises to 1894 m. A little lower than it, also in the Subpolar Urals, is Mount Karpinsky. Its height is 1876 m.
The Polar Urals is located in the tundra zone. In this area of the mountain range there is a decrease in its height and width. characterized by a harsh climate. The duration of the summer period in this area is short - only a month (from mid-July to mid-August).
Caucasian mountains
This array is divided into two systems. These include the Greater and Lesser Caucasus. The mountain system extends between the Azov, Black and Caspian seas.
If you are asked the question: "Name the longest mountains located in the south of Russia," then you, without hesitation, should name the Caucasus. Their formation was completed in the Tertiary period.
What is the length of the Greater Caucasus stretches for more than a thousand one hundred kilometers. This is a picturesque place rich in diverse flora and fauna.
In you can meet wild boars, chamois and golden eagles. The massif is the habitat of the rare Caucasian leopard.
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